CRM content of bottom ash treatment material streams
report
This case study explores the potential for recovering critical raw materials (CRMs) from bottom ash treatment in the Netherlands. Although earlier studies have quantified CRM presence in raw incinerator bottom ash (IBA), little is known about the CRM concentrations in the separate processed Incinerator Bottom Ash Aggregate (IBAA) and other material streams produced by bottom ash recyclers. Given that bottom ash treatment facilities produce more than 20 distinct material fractions through complex mechanical and chemical processes, this knowledge gap limits the ability to assess the feasibility of CRM recovery. At the Heros facility in Sluiskil the Netherlands, roughly one million tonnes of IBA are treated annually using a sequence of mechanical separation technologies and washing technologies. This process already yields over 100,000 tonnes of ferrous metal per year, contributing to na tional circular economy objectives.
Topics
TNO Identifier
1029586
Publisher
TNO
Collation
25 p.
Place of publication
Utrecht