Upscaling zero-emission delivery and return models. Barriers and opportunities. D4.4
report
CodeZERO Deliverable 4.4 presents the findings of an exploratory qualitative study which aims to better understand the opportunities and barriers of scaling sustainable and zero-emission last-mile delivery solutions for e-commerce in urban areas. Drawing on fifteen semi-structured interviews with logistics service providers and e-tailers across Belgium, Italy, Norway, and the Netherlands, the study identifies key barriers and opportunities for scaling innovative delivery models. The analysis reveals that governmental support and collaboration are perceived as critical enablers, while barriers such as limited grid capacity, ineffective policy design, and high operational costs persist across contexts. The study also highlights the dual role of certain urban areas measures, such as parcel lockers and zero-emission zones, which may function both as barriers and opportunities depending on their
implementation. A geographical perspective underscores significant contextual differences, particularly in infrastructure readiness and cultural acceptance of active transport modes. The findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the systemic and context-specific factors influencing the scalability of sustainable delivery models and will inform the further evaluation and refinement of CodeZERO solutions. Limitations of the study include the small and uneven sample size, suggesting the need for broader stakeholder engagement and the application of larger
quantitative methodologies including surveys or Q-methodology.
implementation. A geographical perspective underscores significant contextual differences, particularly in infrastructure readiness and cultural acceptance of active transport modes. The findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the systemic and context-specific factors influencing the scalability of sustainable delivery models and will inform the further evaluation and refinement of CodeZERO solutions. Limitations of the study include the small and uneven sample size, suggesting the need for broader stakeholder engagement and the application of larger
quantitative methodologies including surveys or Q-methodology.
TNO Identifier
1023519
Publisher
TNO
Collation
63 p.
Place of publication
Den Haag