Effect of beta-carotene on immunological indexes in healthy male smokers
article
To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of β-carotene we performed a randomized, double-blind trial in healthy male cigarette smokers. Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were assessed by using double labeling with monoclonal antibodies before and after 14 wk β-carotene (20 mg/d; n = 21) or placebo (n = 24) supplements. In addition we measured the ex vivo phytohemagglutinin and concavalin A induced lymphocyte proliferation in a separate group (23 placebo, 24 β-carotene). The β-carotene and placebo groups were comparable on all initial characteristics. During the intervention plasma concentrations of β-carotene increased 13-fold in the treatment group whereas retinol concentrations remained constant. β-carotene had no effect on lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood. After treatment the β-carotene group showed 12% higher PHA-induced lymphocyte proliferations than the placebo group (P = 0.02). For ConA induced proliferations no significant difference was observed. These results suggest that supplementary β-carotene can moderately enhance certain aspects of immune response in healthy male cigarette smokers.
Chemicals/CAS: alpha tocopherol, 1406-18-4, 1406-70-8, 52225-20-4, 58-95-7, 59-02-9; ascorbic acid, 134-03-2, 15421-15-5, 50-81-7; beta carotene, 7235-40-7; concanavalin A, 11028-71-0; cotinine, 486-56-6; phytohemagglutinin, 9008-97-3; retinol, 68-26-8, 82445-97-4; Antibodies, Monoclonal; beta Carotene, 7235-40-7; Carotenoids, 36-88-4; Concanavalin A, 11028-71-0; Phytohemagglutinins; Vitamin A, 11103-57-4
Chemicals/CAS: alpha tocopherol, 1406-18-4, 1406-70-8, 52225-20-4, 58-95-7, 59-02-9; ascorbic acid, 134-03-2, 15421-15-5, 50-81-7; beta carotene, 7235-40-7; concanavalin A, 11028-71-0; cotinine, 486-56-6; phytohemagglutinin, 9008-97-3; retinol, 68-26-8, 82445-97-4; Antibodies, Monoclonal; beta Carotene, 7235-40-7; Carotenoids, 36-88-4; Concanavalin A, 11028-71-0; Phytohemagglutinins; Vitamin A, 11103-57-4
Topics
β-Carotenecigarette smokinglymphocyte subpopulationsmitogen responsesT lymphocytesalpha tocopherolascorbic acidbeta caroteneconcanavalin acotininephytohemagglutininplaceboretinolarticlecancer preventioncigarette smokingcontrolled studydrug capsulehumanhuman experimentimmune responseimmune statusimmunomodulationlymphocyte countlymphocyte proliferationlymphocyte subpopulationmalenormal humanpriority journalsupplementationvitamin blood levelAdultAntibodies, Monoclonalbeta CaroteneCarotenoidsConcanavalin ADouble-Blind MethodHumanLeukocyte CountLymphocyte ActivationLymphocyte SubsetsMaleMiddle AgePhytohemagglutininsSmokingVitamin Aβ-carotene
TNO Identifier
232061
ISSN
00029165
Source
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57(3), pp. 402-407.
Pages
402-407
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