Dairy intake and the risk of bladder cancer in the netherlands cohort study on diet and cancer
article
The authors examined the association between the intake of different dairy products and the risk of bladder cancer in 120,852 men and women aged 55-69 years participating in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. Dairy product intake was assessed in 1986 by using a 150-item food frequency questionnaire. The cohort was followed for 16.3 years, and 1,549 incident cases of bladder cancer were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied with a case-cohort approach by using the follow-up data of a random subcohort (n=5,000). Multivariate hazard ratio estimates comparing the highest with the lowest quintile of total dairy intake were 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81, 1.27; Ptrend=0.68). A statistically significant association for fermented milk products was found only for the second quintile (median, 12 g/day) (hazard ratio=0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.91). Compared with nonconsumers, women with 25-75 g/day of butter consumption had a hazard ratio of 1.61 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.50; Ptrend<0.01). No association was found with cheese, calcium, lactose, or nonfermented dairy intake. These results provide weak evidence that bladder cancer risk is inversely associated with low intake of fermented dairy products and suggest a positive association with butter intake in women. Chemicals / CAS calcium, 14092-94-5, 7440-70-2; lactose, 10039-26-6, 16984-38-6, 63-42-3, 64044-51-5
Topics
ButterCohort studiesCultured milk productscalciumlactosebiochemical compositioncancercohort analysishealth riskwomens healthadultbladder cancerbuttercaloric intakecheesecontrolled studyfermentationfollow upfood frequency questionnairegroups by agehazard ratiomilkproportional hazards modelsex differencesmokingAgedDairy ProductsDietDiet SurveysFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRegistriesRiskUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsNetherlands
TNO Identifier
954188
ISSN
00029262
Source
American Journal of Epidemiology, 171(4), pp. 436-446.
Pages
436-446
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