State of Art in Offshore Hydrogen Production
report
The world is making a significant move towards cleaner energy sources and one of the prominent, reliable option is offshore wind power. Countries around the globe are recognizing the potential of this technology to decarbonize the energy system. Offshore hydrogen production will be one of the enablers of the further deployment of offshore wind as costs of transporting wind power by means of HVDC power cables will become less economically feasible at distances beyond 100 km from shore. At this point, several developments, pilots and demonstrations are performed and reported on offshore hydrogen production (OHP). The Netherlands has set clear ambition to decarbonize its energy system through the rapid uptake of green hydrogen in the Dutch energy mix. For example, targets have been set to achieve 500MW of electrolysis capacity for domestic hydrogen production by 2025 and 3 4 GW by 2030. There are arguments that indicate that offshore hydrogen production can have an economic and societal benefit over onshore hydrogen production1. In line with that reasoning, the Ministry of Economic Affairs is planning to have two pilot projects for offshore hydrogen production. The first one (DEMO 1) will have a capacity of <50MW and is expected to be operational earliest in 2027, the second (DEMO 2) is aimed to have a capacity of 500 MW, being operational earliest in 2031. Additionally there are lower capacity pilots and demonstration projects under development like PosHYdon2, Base Load Power Hub3 and SeaLhyfe4. This report aims to summarize the current state of research, based on PESTLE aspects and provides an overview of the expected bottlenecks, high level roadmap of knowledge development activities needed to commercially implement 100+ MW scale offshore H2 production.
TNO Identifier
1000367
Publisher
TNO
Collation
57 p.
Place of publication
Delft