Caffeine morning-evening type and coffee odour Attention memory search and visual event related potentials
bookPart
Caffeine is said to have arousing effects (e.g., Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos et al., 1990), although its effects on perceptual and cognitive functions are not always consistent. For example, the influence of caffeine on short-term memory search processes is occasionally positive (Anderson and Revelle, 1983), sometimes negative (Anderson et al., 1989; Erikson et al., 1985), but mostly no effect has been obtained at all (Clubley et al., 1979; Mitchell et al., 1974; Erikson et al., 1985; Loke et al., 1985, 1988). One reason for this lack of consistent results is the influence of person bound factors such as boredom, fatigue, motivation and morningness-eveningness and factors in the environment like noise and odours. In general, effects of caffeine appear to be most pronounced in subjects who are in suboptimal conditions as for example when tired (Dews, 1984; Weiss and Laties, 1962; Lorist et al., 1994a). Since many experimental designs in drug research usually do not take account of these factors, it is impossible to disentangle their influences from the desired experimental effects (Gaillard, 1988). © 1998 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) Amsterdam B. V. Published under license under the Harwood Academic Publishers imprint part of The Gordon and Breach Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
TNO Identifier
954465
ISBN
9781134409389 ; 9789057022180
Publisher
Harwood
Source title
Nicotine, Caffeine and Social Drinking: Behaviour and Brain Function
Editor(s)
Snel, J.
Lorist, M.M.
Lorist, M.M.
Place of publication
Amsterdam
Pages
201-214
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