Final evaluation report on vehicle data : Ursa Major Neo Deliverable 4.2 : V1.0
report
This report presents the “Final evaluation report on vehicle data” using measured data from the entire trial, collected between the 1st of June 2022 and the 30st of September 2022. In the UMneo TPT, TNO used two EcoTwin3 CACC trucks. The platooning systems on these trucks are an evolution of the systems used in the European Truck Platooning Challenge (ETPC) in 2016. The functions that were assessed are Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC), both at different time gap settings. The trials were conducted on the public road between the city of Venlo and the Rotterdam harbour and partially overlaps with the Rhine-Alpine corridor within the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T). During the 20 test days no safety issues or near incidents occurred. The data analysis was done in relation to the following Macro Topics:
• Vehicle and Traffic Impact on safety indicators
• Emission measurements
• Driver acceptance
• C-ITS infrastructure
The key findings in relation to the experiment described in this report are:
• ACC and CACC performed the driving task with less variation (in terms of gap variation and speed variation) compared to manual driving. Less variation in driving behaviour can qualitatively be interpreted as contribution to smoother traffic flow and improving traffic safety.
• For vehicle ET3 in trailer position, the test results showed a decrease in fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and NOx emissions with decreasing gap distance with respect to the leading vehicle, depending on the type of controller i.e. CACC or ACC. Due to the specific CACC controller, which was optimized on controller performance and on fail-safety, the trailing truck had speed variations, which increased the energy consumption rather than decreasing it.
• Acceptance of ACC by the drivers, measured as usefulness and satisfaction, was slightly higher for in the leading truck than in the trailing truck. Within the trailer, no effects of ACC versus CACC were found. Usefulness was on the positive part of the scale for both roles. Satisfaction score were slightly positive in the leading truck and neutral in the trailing truck. In terms of trust, there were some indications that CACC received slightly lower scores than ACC.
• The C-ITS allowed the roadside to detect platooning vehicles and to put constraints on platooning in relation to specific parts of the road network.
• Vehicle and Traffic Impact on safety indicators
• Emission measurements
• Driver acceptance
• C-ITS infrastructure
The key findings in relation to the experiment described in this report are:
• ACC and CACC performed the driving task with less variation (in terms of gap variation and speed variation) compared to manual driving. Less variation in driving behaviour can qualitatively be interpreted as contribution to smoother traffic flow and improving traffic safety.
• For vehicle ET3 in trailer position, the test results showed a decrease in fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and NOx emissions with decreasing gap distance with respect to the leading vehicle, depending on the type of controller i.e. CACC or ACC. Due to the specific CACC controller, which was optimized on controller performance and on fail-safety, the trailing truck had speed variations, which increased the energy consumption rather than decreasing it.
• Acceptance of ACC by the drivers, measured as usefulness and satisfaction, was slightly higher for in the leading truck than in the trailing truck. Within the trailer, no effects of ACC versus CACC were found. Usefulness was on the positive part of the scale for both roles. Satisfaction score were slightly positive in the leading truck and neutral in the trailing truck. In terms of trust, there were some indications that CACC received slightly lower scores than ACC.
• The C-ITS allowed the roadside to detect platooning vehicles and to put constraints on platooning in relation to specific parts of the road network.
Topics
TNO Identifier
985125
Publisher
TNO