Geophysical monitoring of CO2 injection at Ketzin, Germany
bookPart
Geophysical monitoring activities were an important component of the CO2 injection program at the Ketzin site, Germany. We report on the seismic measurements and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) performed during the period of site development and CO2 injection. Details on the geology, CO2 injection operation, and petrophysical models relevant for the interpretation of the geophysical data are presented. Seismic measurements comprise 2D and 3D surface seismic surveys, vertical seismic profilings, and crosshole measurements. Results from advanced processing methods, such as impedance inversion and full-waveform inversion, are also presented. In addition, results from crosshole ERT and surface-downhole ERT are presented. If operational efforts are taken into consideration, we conclude that a combination of several geophysical methods is preferable given the demands of a spatiotemporally comprehensive monitoring program. We base this conclusion on that the different imaging characteristics and petrophysical sensitivities of different methods complement each other. An important finding is, based on signal quality and reduced operational costs, that the use of permanent installations showed to be a capable approach. Generally, specific monitoring layouts will depend on site-specific characteristics, such as reservoir depth, available wells, petrophysical characteristics, and accessibility of surface locations. (C) 2022 American Geophysical Union. Published 2022 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
TNO Identifier
985707
ISBN
9781119156871; 9781119156840
Publisher
wiley
Source title
Geophysical Monitoring for Geologic Carbon Storage
Pages
403-438
Files
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