Assessing the effectiveness of ramp-up during sonar operations using exposure models
bookPart
Ramp-up procedures are used to mitigate the impact of sound on marine
mammals. Sound exposure models combined with observations of marine mammals
responding to sound can be used to assess the effectiveness of ramp-up procedures.
We found that ramp-up procedures before full-level sonar operations can
reduce the risk of hearing threshold shifts with marine mammals, but their effectiveness
depends strongly on the responsiveness of the animals. In this paper, we investigated
the effect of sonar parameters (source level, pulse-repetition time, ship
speed) on sound exposure by using a simple analytical model and highlight the
mechanisms that limit the effectiveness of ramp-up procedures.
mammals. Sound exposure models combined with observations of marine mammals
responding to sound can be used to assess the effectiveness of ramp-up procedures.
We found that ramp-up procedures before full-level sonar operations can
reduce the risk of hearing threshold shifts with marine mammals, but their effectiveness
depends strongly on the responsiveness of the animals. In this paper, we investigated
the effect of sonar parameters (source level, pulse-repetition time, ship
speed) on sound exposure by using a simple analytical model and highlight the
mechanisms that limit the effectiveness of ramp-up procedures.
Topics
TNO Identifier
530221
Publisher
Springer
Source title
The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life II
Editor(s)
Popper, A.N.
Hawkins, A.
Hawkins, A.
Place of publication
New York
Pages
1197-1203
Files
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