Natural and anthropogenic sources of sound in the North Sea
conference paper
This paper summarises the progress made by TNO on describing the most significant natural and anthropogenic sound sources in the North Sea (Dutch sector). An assessment of their relative importance is made by estimating an annual energy budget, not neglecting that details of the sound distribution in frequency, time and space might be equally important. Our approach to propagation modelling of the noise sources in the shallow waters near the Dutch coast is explained. Example noise maps are presented. Validation of the noise predictions requires a capability for long-term noise monitoring. Suitable monitoring solutions are discussed.
TNO Identifier
462352
Source title
3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Underwater Acoustic Measurements, Technologies & Results, UAM 2009, 21-26 June 2009, Nafplion, Greece