Respiratory sensitization : Advances in assessing the risk of respiratory inflammation and irritation
article
Respiratory sensitization provides a case study for a new approach to chemical safety evaluation, as the prevalence of respiratory sensitization has increased considerably over the last decades, but animal and/or human experimental/predictive models are not currently available. Therefore, the goal of a working group was to design a road map to develop an ASAT approach for respiratory sensitisers. This approach should aim at (i) creating a database on respiratory functional biology and toxicology, (ii) applying data analyses to understand the multi-dimensional sensitization response, and how this predisposes to respiratory inflammation and irritation, and (iii) building a systems model out of these analyses, adding pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling to predict respiratory responses to low levels of sensitisers. To this end, the best way forward would be to follow an integrated testing approach. Experimental research should be targeted to (i) QSAR-type approaches to relate potential as a respiratory sensitizer to its chemical structure, (ii) in vitro models and (iii) in vitro-in vivo extrapolation/validation. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Topics
ASATAsthmaIn vitroIn vivoIntegrated testingQSARRespiratory tractRhinitisRisk assessmentSensitizationcontact allergenimmunoglobulin Eairway remodelinganimal testing alternativebiosafetybronchus hyperreactivitycell assaycellular immunitydendritic celldisease predispositionfunctional genomicshumanimmunopathologyimmunoreactivityin vitro studymathematical modelmucosal immunitynonhumanoccupational asthmapredictive valueprocess developmentprocess modelquantitative analysisquantitative structure activity relationreaction analysisrespiratory sensitizationrespiratory tract inflammationrespiratory tract injuryreviewrisk assessmentrisk factorsensitizationAnimal Testing AlternativesHazardous SubstancesHumansRespiratory HypersensitivityRespiratory Tract DiseasesToxicity TestsAnimalia
TNO Identifier
460484
ISSN
08872333
Source
Toxicology in Vitro, 25(7), pp. 1251-1258.
Pages
1251-1258
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