Immunological functions and in vivo cell-cell interactions of T cells in the spleen
article
The spleen is an important lymphoid organ, involved in immune responses against all types of antigen that appear in the circulation. Its complex anatomical organization, with distinct compartments containing specialized cell types, provides a microenvironment which allows different cell-cell interactions and determines the direction of developing immune responses. In this review we evaluate the vast amount of in vitro data dealing with antigen presentation, cell-cell interactions, T and B cell activation, and the immunoregulatory role of cytokines, as suggested to be involved in immune responses. As a basis for understanding of in vivo processes, these in vitro data will be related to discrete phenomena of in vivo immune responses, such as antigen localization/trapping, cell migration patterns of immunocompetent cells, cytokine production, and antibody formation in the different compartments of the spleen. Finally, we try to bring order to the sequence of events that occur in the spleen after antigenic challenge by presenting an in vivo model for T cell dependent and T cell independent immune responses.
Topics
Accessory cellsAntibody-forming cellsAntigencellsCell-cell interactionsCytokinesLocalizationMigrationT cellsAntigenCytokineAntibody productionAntigen detectionAntigen presentationAntigen recognitionB lymphocyteB lymphocyte activationCell interactionCell migrationCellular distributionCellular immunityGene expressionImmune responseInfectionMacrophageMajor histocompatibility complexNatural killer cellPriority journalReviewSpleenT lymphocyteT lymphocyte activationAnimalAntibody FormationAntigen-Presenting CellsAntigensB-LymphocytesCell CommunicationCell MovementCytokinesDendritic CellsGene Expression RegulationHumanInfectionLymphocyte ActivationMiceMice, Inbred StrainsRatsSpleenT-LymphocytesT-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
TNO Identifier
231778
ISSN
10408401
Source
Critical Reviews in Immunology, 11(6), pp. 337-380.
Pages
337-380
Files
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