NAD+ levels and glucose uptake of cultured human epidermal cells exposed to sulfur mustard
article
In cultured human epidermal cells exposure to the vesicant sulfur mustard (HD) causes a decrease of the NAD+ content, which depends on the dose and the time period between exposure to HD and NAD+ measurement. Presumably, this NAD+ loss is due to activation of the enzyme NAD:protein ADP-ribosyltransferase (ADPRT) and may lead to glycolysis inhibition, disturbance of energy metabolism, and eventually cell death. Since prevention of this NAD+ depletion could lead to cell survival, HD-exposed cultures have been incubated with nicotinamide, a precursor of NAD+ and an inhibitor of ADPRT. Although a reduction in NAD+ levels of the cultures can be prevented, the uptake of glucose, which was taken as a measure for cellular viability, appears to be inhibited in cultures in which the NAD+ levels are at the 100% level at 4 hr after exposure. Therefore, prophylactic or therapeutic measures that are focused on maintenance of NAD+ levels in order to preserve energy supplies do not protect human epidermal cells in culture that have been exposed to HD. These experiments indicate that mechanisms other than NAD+ depletion may play an important role in HD-induced cell injury in human skin. Chemicals/CAS: glucose, 50-99-7, 84778-64-3; mustard gas, 505-60-2; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, 53-84-9; nicotinamide, 11032-50-1, 98-92-0; nicotinic acid, 54-86-4, 59-67-6; Glucose, 50-99-7; Mustard Compounds; Mustard Gas, 505-60-2; NAD, 53-84-9; Niacin, 59-67-6; Niacinamide, 98-92-0
Topics
TNO Identifier
230865
ISSN
0041008X
Source
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 98(1), pp. 159-165.
Publisher
Academic Press
Pages
159-165
Files
To receive the publication files, please send an e-mail request to TNO Repository.