Effect of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Adiponectin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, and Insulin Sensitivity
article
OBJECTIVE - Epidemiological studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumers have enhanced insulin sensitivity and a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived plasma protein, has been found to be negatively associated with adiposity and positively associated with insulin sensitivity. Moderate alcohol consumption may increase adiponectin, which in turn causes a decrease of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. A decreased TNF-α level may consequently increase insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - To test this hypothesis, we performed a randomized crossover partially diet-controlled study. A total of 23 healthy middle-aged male subjects consumed daily four glasses of whisky (40 g ethanol) or tap water with dinner during two successive periods of 17 days. RESULTS - Moderate alcohol consumption increased plasma adiponectin level (11%; P = 0.002) but did not affect plasma TNF-α level. An increase in insulin sensitivity index was observed in an insulin-resistant subgroup (21%; P = 0.11), which positively correlated with the relative alcohol-induced increase in plasma adiponectin level (r = 0.73, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS - The experimental results are in agreement with observational data. Moderate alcohol consumption improved insulin sensitivity in relatively insulin-resistant middle-aged men, an effect that may be mediated through alcohol-induced increases in adiponectin.
Topics
Physiological SciencesAdiponectinC peptideCholesterolCytokineFatty acidGlucoseHigh density lipoprotein cholesterolInsulinInsulin receptorLow density lipoprotein cholesterolTap waterTriacylglycerolTumor necrosis factor alphaAdipose tissueAdultAlcohol consumptionCholesterol blood levelClinical trialControlled studyCrossover procedureDiabetes mellitusDiet restrictionGlucose blood levelInsulin sensitivityNon insulin dependent diabetes mellitusNormal humanRandomized controlled trialRisk factorWhiskeyAdiponectinAgedAlcohol DrinkingBody Mass IndexBody WeightCross-Over StudiesGlucose Clamp TechniqueHumansHyperinsulinismInsulinInsulin ResistanceIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMaleMiddle AgedProteinsRegression AnalysisTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
TNO Identifier
237588
ISSN
01495992
Source
Diabetes Care, 27(1), pp. 184-189.
Pages
184-189
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