The Effect of Preconception Counselling on Lifestyle and Other Behaviour Before and During Pregnancy

Background: Recent studies suggest that the basis for adverse pregnancy outcomes is often established early in pregnancy, during organogenesis. It is therefore important to take preventive action as early as possible, preferably before pregnancy. Because most adverse pregnancy outcomes occur in women who are unaware of being at risk, we...

Effect of moderate alcohol consumption on adipokines and insulin sensitivity in lean and overweight men: A diet intervention study

Objective: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a decreased risk of type II diabetes. This study investigates the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on adipokines and insulin sensitivity. Subjects: Twenty healthy, lean (body mass index (BMI) 18.5-25 kg/m2; n=11) or overweight (BMI>27 kg/m2; n=9) men (18-25 years). Methods: Three...

Identifying metabolic syndrome without blood tests in young adults: The Terneuzen Birth Cohort

Background: Within the context of the obesity epidemic identifying young adults at risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is important. A practical approach is based on the identification of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our objective was to develop a simple and efficient stepwise strategy to identify MetS in young adults. Methods:...

Moderate alcohol consumption and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity

Background and aims: To investigate the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress and whether these effects are modified by BMI. Methods and results: Eleven lean (BMI: 18.5-25 kg/m2) and 9 overweight (BMI > 27 kg/m2) men participated in a randomized...

Effect of ship motion on spinal loading during manual lifting

This study investigated the effects of ship motion on peak spinal loading during lifting. All measurements were done on a ship at sea. In 1-min trials, which were repeated over a wide range of sailing conditions, subjects lifted an 18 kg box five times. Ship motion, whole body kinematics, ground reaction forces and electromyography were measured...

The benefit obtained from visually displayed text from an automatic speech recognizer during listening to speech presented in noise

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit that listeners obtain from visually presented output from an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system during listening to speech in noise. DESIGN: Auditory-alone and audiovisual speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were measured. The SRT is defined as the speech-to-noise ratio at which...

Audiovisual events capture attention: Evidence from temporal order judgments

Is an irrelevant audiovisual event able to guide attention automatically? In Experiments 1 and 2, participants were asked to make a temporal order judgment (TOJ) about which of two dots (left or right) appeared first. In Experiment 3, participants were asked to make a simultaneity judgment (SJ) instead. Such tasks have been shown to be affected...

The effects of food viscosity on bite size, bite effort and food intake

Two studies investigated the effect of a food's viscosity on bite size, bite effort and food intake using a standardized protocol in which subjects sipped through a straw every 20 s for a period of 15 min from one of two products, a chocolate-flavored dairy drink and a chocolate-flavored dairy semi-solid, matched for energy density. In the first...

Evaluation of the effects of a training programme for patients with prolonged fatigue on physiological parameters and fatigue complaints

Objectives: Complaints of prolonged fatigue are considered as a major health problem, as it can affect daily functioning and may lead to work disability. To increase knowledge about the effectiveness of interventions focussing on fatigued patients, a study was designed to evaluate an established training programme for patients with prolonged...

Alcohol consumption and augmentation index in healthy young men: The ARYA study

Background: Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a decreased risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease, whereas increased alcohol intake is related to hypertension and intracerebral hemorrhage. We studied the effect of alcohol consumption on the augmentation index (AIx), a measure of arterial wave reflection in a population of...

The Dutch national food consumption survey 2003. Methodological issues

Background: Dietary monitoring is an important tool for food policy evaluation and development. The methodologies of previous Dutch surveys were less optimal for answering current food policy questions. Aim and method: In order to gain experiences with a new approach, in 2003 a food consumption survey was conducted among 750 Dutch young adults ...

Vocational rehabilitation of young adults with a disability of one arm or hand

The paper presents a summary of a study of the vocational rehabilitation of young adults with a disability of one hand or arm. It demonstrates the importance of labor research in vocational rehabilitation. The success of vocational rehabilitation depends in large measure on the suitability of the job chosen and the adaptability of the workplace....

Klassegenoten. De situatie van Turkse en Nederlandse jongeren vergeleken: Psycho-sociale problemen van Turkse adolescenten, rapport 5