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Nohynek, G.J. (author), Skare, J.A. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Wehmeyer, K.R. (author), de Bie, A.T.H.J. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), Dufour, E.K. (author), Fautz, R. (author), Steiling, W. (author), Bramante, M. (author), Toutain, H. (author)Systemic exposure was measured in humans after hair dyeing with oxidative hair dyes containing 2.0% (A) or 1.0% (B) [14C]-p-phenylenediamine (PPD). Hair was dyed, rinsed, dried, clipped and shaved; blood and urine samples were collected for 48 hours after application. [14C] was measured in all materials, rinsing water, hair, plasma, urine and...article 2015
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Janssen, A.M. (author), Kremer, S. (author), van Stipriaan, W.L. (author), Noort, M.W.J. (author), de Vries, J.H.M. (author), Temme, E.H.M. (author)Background: Processed foods are major contributors to excessive sodium intake in Western populations. We investigated the effect of food reformulation on daily dietary sodium intake. Objective: To determine whether uninformed consumers accept reduced-sodium lunches and to determine the effect of consuming reduced-sodium lunches on 24-hour...article 2015
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Spijkerman, A.M.W. (author), Gall, M.A. (author), Tarnow, L. (author), Twisk, J.W.R. (author), Lauritzen, E. (author), Lund-Andersen, H. (author), Emeis, J. (author), Parving, H.H. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Aims: To study whether microalbuminuria, endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation are associated with the presence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Patients with Type 2 diabetes (n = 328) attending a diabetes clinic were followed for 10 years and examined annually during the last 7 years. Retinopathy was assessed after...article 2007
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Huls, M. (author), Kramers, C. (author), Levtchenko, E.N. (author), Wilmer, M.J.G. (author), Dijkman, H.B.P.M. (author), Kluijtmans, L.A.J. (author), van der Hoorn, J.W.A. (author), Russel, F.G.M. (author), Masereeuw, R. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The multidrug resistance gene 1 product, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is expressed in several excretory organs, including the apical membrane of proximal tubules. After inducing acute renal failure, P-gp expression is upregulated and this might be a protective function by pumping out toxicants and harmful products of oxidative stress. We characterized...article 2007
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Hueber-Becker, F. (author), Nohynek, G.J. (author), Dufour, E.K. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), de Bie, A.T.H.J. (author), Toutain, H. (author), Bolt, H.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)We monitored the exposure of hairdressers to oxidative hair dyes for 6 working days under controlled conditions. Eighteen professional hairdressers (3/day) coloured hairdresser's training heads bearing natural human hair (hair length: approximately 30 cm) for 6 h/working day with a dark-shade oxidative hair dye containing 2% [14C]-para...article 2007
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Adams, T.B. (author), McGowen, M.M. (author), Williams, M.C. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J.I. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Munro, I.C. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This publication is the 11th in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. The list of GRAS substances has now...article 2007
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Kitayama, K. (author), Nakai, D. (author), Kono, K. (author), van der Hoop, A.G. (author), Kurata, H. (author), de Wit, E.C. (author), Cohen, L.H. (author), Inaba, T. (author), Kohama, T. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)1-{7-[(1-(3,5-Diethoxyphenyl)-3-{[(3,5-difluorophenyl)(ethyl)amino]carbo nyl}-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]heptyl}-1-methylpiperidinium bromide, R-146224, is a potent, specific ileum apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) inhibitor; concentrations required for 50% inhibition of [3H]taurocholate uptake in human ASBT-expressing...article 2006
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Meuling, W.J. (author), Ravensberg, L.C. (author), Roza, L. (author), van Hemmen, J.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: The methods and results are described of a study on the dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in humans established via urinary excretion of the metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). Methods: Two dermal, single, doses of CPF were applied in two study groups (A and B) each comprising three apparently healthy male volunteers...article 2005
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de Brabander, H.F. (author), Poelmans, S. (author), Schilt, R. (author), Stephany, R.W. (author), le Bizec, B. (author), Draisci, R. (author), Sterk, S.S. (author), van Ginkel, L.A. (author), Courtheyn, D. (author), van Hoof, N. (author), Macrì, A. (author), de Wasch, K. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The review summarizes current knowledge on the possible illegal use of the anabolic steroid boldenone. The presence of boldenone and metabolites in different animal species and the possibility of the occurrence of endogenous boldenone and metabolites is assessed, as are the methods of analysis used for detection. Different laboratories in the...article 2004
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Kezic, S. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Jakasa, I. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Objectives: To assess excretion kinetics of free and total (free + conjugated) 2-butoxyacetic acid (BAA) following dermal and inhalation exposure to butoxyethanol (BE). Methods: Six male volunteers were derma lly exposed for 4 h to a 50% aqueous solution of BE on an area of 40 cm2 of the volar forearm. Six other male volunteers were exposed by...article 2004
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Cnubben, N.H.P. (author), Elliott, G.R. (author), Hakkert, B.C. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The validity of in vitro and in vivo methods for the prediction of percutaneous penetration in humans was assessed using the fungicide ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) (log Po/w 3.28, MW 170.8, solubility in water 0.7 g/L). In vivo studies were performed in rats and human volunteers, applying the test compound to the dorsal skin and the volar aspect of...article 2002
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Poelmans, S. (author), de Wasch, K. (author), de Brabander, H.F. (author), van de Wiele, M. (author), Courtheyn, D. (author), van Ginkel, L.A. (author), Sterk, S.S. (author), Delahaut, Ph. (author), Dubois, M. (author), Schilt, R. (author), Nielen, M. (author), Vercammen, J. (author), Impens, S. (author), Stephany, R. (author), Hamoir, T. (author), Pottie, G. (author), van Poucke, C. (author), van Peteghem, C. (author)In sports doping, as well in man as in horseracing, stanozolol (Stan) was abused and became the subject of metabolism research. Also in veterinary practice, stanozolol became an important misused anabolic steroid. Like most other anabolic steroids, stanozolol has poor gas chromatographic behavior. It is difficult to detect in urine, because of...article 2002
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Huebner, J.L. (author), Hanes, M.A. (author), Beekman, B. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), Kraus, V.B. (author), Gaubius Instituut (author)Objective: To evaluate the interaction of bone and cartilage in knee osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis in two guinea-pig strains with appreciable differences in bone metabolism. Design: Two guinea-pig strains were evaluated for their susceptibilities to OA using semi-quantitative histological grading of knee joints and quantification of...article 2002
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Godschalk, R.W.L. (author), Moonen, E.J.C. (author), Schilderman, A.E.L. (author), Broekmans, W.M.R. (author), Kleinjans, J.C.S. (author), van Schooten, F.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Understanding the kinetics of aromatic-DNA adducts in target tissues and white blood cells (WBC) would enhance the applicability of DNA adducts in WBC as surrogate source of DNA in biomonitoring studies. In the present study, rats were acutely exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P; 10 mg/kg body wt) via intratracheal (i.t.), dermal and oral...article 2000
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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Muys, T. (author), van Dokkum, W. (author), Schaafsma, G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Background: In rats, nondigestible oligosaccharides stimulate calcium absorption. Recently, this effect was also found in human subjects. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate whether consumption of 15 g oligofructose/d stimulates calcium absorption in male adolescents. Design: Twelve healthy, male adolescents aged 14-16 y...article 1999
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Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Morton, M.S. (author), Brüggemann-Rotgans, I.E.M. (author), van Beresteijn, E.C.H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: The hypothesis was tested that the rate of postmenopausal bone loss is inversely associated with long-term urinary excretion of phyto-oestrogens, as a marker of habitual dietary intake. Design: Secondary analysis of a 10-year follow-up study (1979-1989) among postmenopausal women in the Netherlands. Subjects: From the original...article 1998
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Ronday, H.K. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), Greenwald, R.A. (author), Moak, S.A. (author), de Roos, J.A.D.M. (author), Dijkmans, B.A.C. (author), Breedveld, F.C. (author), Verheijen, J.H. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)The plasminogen activation system is one of the enzyme systems held responsible for bone and cartilage degradation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we evaluated the effect of tranexamic acid (TEA), an inhibitor of plasminogen activation, on urinary collagen cross-link excretion and radiological joint damage in rat adjuvant arthritis ...article 1998
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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Schaafsma, G. (author), Muys, T. (author), van Dokkum, W. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The effect of inulin, fructooligosaccharides, and galactooligosaccharides on true intestinal absorption of iron and calcium was measured in men by using double stable-isotope techniques (oral 57Fe and 44Ca and intravenous 58Fe and 48Ca). The incorporation of iron isotopes into erythrocytes and the urinary excretion of calcium isotopes was...article 1998
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Smulders, R.A. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), Schalkwijk, C.G. (author), Donker, A.J.M. (author), van Hinsbergh, V.W.M. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is considered an early step in the development of diabetic angiopathy. Hyperglycaemia results in endothelial dysfunction, both through direct effects of glucose and through formation of advanced glycosylation end-products (AGEs). We hypothesized that the effects of glucose and AGEs on endothelial function...article 1998
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- van den Berg, H. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author) article 1997
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