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Brinckmann, J. (author), Kim, S. (author), Wu, J. (author), Reinhardt, D.P. (author), Batmunkh, C. (author), Metzen, E. (author), Notbohm, H. (author), Bank, R.A. (author), Krieg, T. (author), Hunzelmann, N. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The major pathological processes of systemic scleroderma (SSc) comprise inflammation and microvascular damage in the early or acute progressive stage as well as tissue fibrosis and hypoxia in the chronic end stage. Fibrosis seems to be a general phenomenon characterized by an increase of hydroxylysine aldehyde derived collagen cross-links which...article 2005
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Rieckmann, P. (author), Kruse, N. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author), Beckmann, K. (author), Miller, D. (author), Polman, C. (author), Dahlke, F. (author), Toyka, K.V. (author), Hartung, H.P. (author), Stürzebecher, S. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Background: Subcutaneous IFNβ-1b (Betaferon®) is an established immunomodulatory treatment for relapsing remitting MS and active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). It modulates cytokine and adhesion molecule expression but long term in vivo effects of IFNβ-1b on the immune system are not known in multiple sclerosis. Objective: To...article 2005
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Boonzaaijer, G. (author), Bobeldijk, I. (author), van Osenbruggen, W.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)A reliable method for the determination of patulin in apple juice, apple puree and apples was developed using two clean-up steps and high performance liquid chromatography and diode array (HPLC-DAD) analysis. Baseline separation from hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) was obtained. The performance characteristics of the method were determined at four...article 2005
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Verheijden, M.W. (author), Kok, F.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Community-based interventions have increasingly received attention since researchers and public health professionals have come to acknowledge the importance of an environment that makes the healthy choice the easy choice. All stakeholders including the target community are involved to achieve changes in legislation, in people's social and...article 2005
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Pieterse, B. (author), Quirijns, E.J. (author), Schuren, F.H.J. (author), van der Werf, M.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: Clone-based microarrays, on which each spot represents a random genomic fragment, are a good alternative to open reading frame-based microarrays, especially for microorganisms for which the complete genome sequence is not available. Since the generation of a genomic DNA library is a random process, it is beforehand uncertain which...article 2005
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Buist, H.E. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), van Burgsteden, J.A. (author), de Heer, C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The dermal route of exposure is important in worker exposure to biocidal products. Many biocidal active substances which are used on a daily basis may decrease the barrier function of the skin to a larger extent than current risk assessment practice addresses, due to possible skin effects of repeated exposure. The influence of repeated and...article 2005
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van Rhenen, W. (author), Blonk, R.W.B. (author), van der Klink, J.J. (author), van Dijk, F.J. (author), Schaufeli, W.B. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objectives: To investigate the short-term and long-term effectiveness of two, brief, preventive, work stress management programmes. One programme was a cognition-focused programme, the other was a newly developed intervention in which physical exercise and relaxation were combined. It was hypothesised that the newly developed intervention would...article 2005
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Grote, F.K. (author), Oostdijk, W. (author), de Muinck Keizer-Schrama, S.M.P.F. (author), Dekker, F.W. (author), Verkerk, P.H. (author), Wit, J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), KvL (author)Background/Aims: Growth monitoring is almost universally performed, but few data are available on which referral criteria and diagnostic work-up are used worldwide for children with short stature. Methods: A short questionnaire, containing questions on auxological screening and on diagnostic criteria for short stature, was sent to all members of...article 2005
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Brouwer, D.H. (author), de Pater, N.A.J. (author), Zomer, C. (author), Lurvink, M.W.M. (author), van Hemmen, J.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)The concept of occupational air requirement (OAR), representing the quantity of air required to dilute the vapor concentration in the work environment resulting from 11 product to a concentration below the occupational exposure limit (OEL), was considered to have potential to discriminate between paints that can and cannot be used safely. The...article 2005
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Ullmann, U. (author), Haller, J. (author), Bakker, G.C.M. (author), Brink, E.J. (author), Weber, P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)A number of studies have shown that tea catechins can inhibit intestinal iron absorption, mostly iron in the nonhaem form. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-periods cross-over study examined the degree of inhibition of nonhaem iron absorption by pure crystalline epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The study was designed to show...article 2005
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Vrijlandt, E.J.L.E. (author), Gerritsen, J. (author), Boezen, H.M. (author), Duiverman, E.J. (author), Hille, E.T.M. (author), de Groot, C.H. (author), Kloosterboer-Boerrigter, H. (author), den Ouden, A.L. (author), Rijpstra, A. (author), Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author), Vogelaar, J.A. (author), Kok, J.H. (author), Ilsen, A. (author), van der Lans, M. (author), van der Boelen - Loo, W.J.C. (author), Lundqvist, T. (author), Heymans, H.S.A. (author), Geven, W.B. (author), Duiverman, M.L. (author), Geven, L.I. (author), Mulder, A.L.M. (author), Gerver, A. (author), Kollée, L.A.A. (author), Reijmers, L. (author), Sonnemans, R. (author), Wit, J.M. (author), Dekker, F.W. (author), Finken, M.J.J. (author), Weisglas-Kuperus, N. (author), Keijzer-Veen, M.G. (author), van der Heijden, A.J. (author), van Goudoever, J.B. (author), van Weissenbruch, M.M. (author), Cranendonk, A. (author), van de Delemarre - Waal, H.A. (author), de Groot, L. (author), Samsom, J.F. (author), de Vries, L.S. (author), Rademaker, K.J. (author), Moerman, E. (author), Voogsgeerd, M. (author), de Kleine, M.J.K. (author), Andriessen, P. (author), van Dielissen - Helvoirt, C.C.M. (author), Mohamed, I. (author), van Straaten, H.L.M. (author), Baerts, W. (author), Veneklaas Slots-Kloosterboer, G.W. (author), Tuller-Pikkemaat, E.M.J. (author), Ens-Dokkum, M.H. (author), van Steenbrugge, G.J. (author)Objective: To study the prevalence of respiratory and atopic symptoms in (young) adults born prematurely, differences between those who did and did not develop Bronchopulmonary Disease (BPD) at neonatal age and differences in respiratory health between males and females. Methods: Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Nation wide follow-up...article 2005
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The oral toxicity of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) was examined in a 13-week feeding study in which groups of Beagle dogs received α-CD in the diet at concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10, or 20% (4dogs/sex/group). No treatment-related changes were noted in behavior or appearance of the dogs and no mortalities occurred. Diarrhea occurred in all α-CD...article 2004
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Snoek, H.M. (author), Huntjens, L. (author), van Gemert, L.J. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Weenen, H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Background: Sensory-specific satiety has been found to play an important role in food choice and meal termination, and it might be a factor contributing to obesity. Objective: We hypothesized that obese and normal-weight people have different sensitivities to sensory-specific satiety for high-fat foods. Design: Sensory-specific satiety was...article 2004
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Wijnands, M.V.W. (author), van Erk, M.J. (author), Doornbos, R.P. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author)The effects of different dietary compounds on the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colorectal tumours and on the expression of a selection of genes were studied in rats. Azoxymethane-treated male F344 rats were fed either a control diet or a diet containing 10% wheat bran (WB), 0.2% curcumin (CUR), 4% rutin (RUT) or 0.04% benzyl...article 2004
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van Exel, N.J.A. (author), Brouwer, W.B.F. (author), van den Berg, B. (author), Koopmanschap, M.A. (author), van den Bos, G.A.M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Objective: Prevailing measures of subjective caregiver burden either have no overall summary score or do not consider the relative importance caregivers attach to different dimensions of burden. Our aim was to assess which dimensions informal caregivers perceive as being important to their overall burden from care giving. Design: Cross-sectional...article 2004
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Mohrschladt, M.F. (author), Westendorp, R.G.J. (author), Gevers Leuven, J.A. (author), Smelt, A.H.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are at an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). The benefits of statin therapy are not well known since no placebo controlled studies have been performed in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the CVD event and mortality risk in statin-treated patients with...article 2004
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Kamphuis, M. (author), Zwinderman, K.A.H. (author), Vogels, T. (author), Vliegen, H.W. (author), Kamphuis, R.P. (author), Ottenkamp, J. (author), Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author), Bruil, J. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)This study represents the development and validation of a cardiac-specific module of the generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument, the TAAQOL (TNO/AZL Adult Quality Of Life), for young adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). Items were selected based on literature, an explorative previous study in CHD patients, interviews...article 2004
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Krul, C.A.M. (author), Zeilmaker, M.J. (author), Schothorst, R.C. (author), Havenaar, R. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Human exposure to carcinogenic N-alkylnitrosamines can occur exogenously via food consumption or endogenously by formation of these compounds through nitrosation of amine precursors. Information on the intragastric formation of NDMA from complex mixtures of precursors and inhibitors in humans is not available. In this study the formation of N...article 2004
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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Wils, D. (author), Pasman, W.J. (author), Bakker, M. (author), Saniez, M.-H. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Objective: To determine the tolerance of increasing dosages of an incompletely hydrolysed and/or incompletely absorbed food dextrin coming from wheat starch, NUTRIOSE®FB, at daily levels of 10 and 15 g up to 60 and 80 g, respectively. Design: A randomized, double-blind, multiple dose, placebo-controlled, combined crossover and parallel trial....article 2004
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TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Markus, C.R. (author), Sierksma, A. (author), Verbeek, C. (author), van Rooijen, J.J.M. (author), Patel, H.J. (author), Brand, A.N. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author)Brain serotonin (5-HT) synthesis is controlled by nutrients that influence the availability of plasma tryptophan (Trp) as compared with the sum of the other large neutral amino acids (LNAA; Trp:LNAA). Alcohol consumption is found to change mood and performance and this might well be due to alterations in the plasma Trp:LNAA ratio and brain 5-HT....article 2004