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Leijtens, J.A.P. (author), Court, A.J. (author), Lucas, J.W. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)In frame of the ESA Earthcare MSI study, TNO Science and Industry has developed a compact spectrometer which is optimized for operation in the 7 to 14 μm wavelength region. By optimizing the throughput of the system, and using the advantages of modern manufacturing technologies to the largest extend possible, an instrument has been created that...conference paper 2005
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), van Wuijckhuijse, A.L. (author), Stowers, M.A. (author), Kleefsman, W.A. (author), van Baar, B.L.M. (author), Kients, C.E. (author), Marijnissen, J.C.M. (author)A new aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was developed for the near real-time analysis of single bioaerosol particles. The system combines ATOFMS with laser-induced fluorescence selection and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. The influences of laser power and sample preparation on the quality...article 2005
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Leijtens, J.A.P. (author), Court, A.J. (author), de Boom, K. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)Due to lower mass, size and power demands and recognized increased reliability, microbolometer detectors seem to be well suited for small sattelite applications. Due to the improving technical performance, next generation instruments can use uncooled microbolometer arrays without significantly sacrificing performance. An example of this type of...conference paper 2004
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Leijtens, J.A.P. (author), Smorenburg, C. (author), Escudero, I. (author), Boslooper, E.C. (author), Visser, H. (author), van Helden, W.A. (author), Breussin, F.N. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)Current Thermal infra red ( 7..14μm) multispectral imager instruments use cryogenically cooled Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT or HgCdTe) detectors. This causes the instruments to be bulky, power hungry and expensive. For systems that have medium NETD (Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference) requirements and can operate with high speed optics (...conference paper 2004
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Kruizinga, B. (author), Visser, H. (author), Pel, J.W. (author), Moddemeijer, K. (author), Smorenburg, C. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)MIRI (the Mid InfraRed Instrument) is one of the focal plane instruments of the James Webb Space Telescope. The instrument comprises a camera and a spectrometer module. The instrument plays the following key roles in the JWST science program. Discovery of the "first light". Assembly of galaxies: history of star formation, growth of black holes,...conference paper 2004
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Leijtens, J.A.P. (author), Court, A.J. (author), Hoegee, J. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)Current Thermal Infra Red (7.14μm) multispectral imager instruments use cryogenically cooled Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT or HgCdTe) detectors. Now due to the increased performance of uncooled microbolometer arrays, the next generation of instruments can be designed without cryogenic cooling. TNO TPD has designed a spectrometer called the...conference paper 2004
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van der Greef, J. (author), Stroobant, P. (author), van der Heijden, R. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Medical systems biology has generated widespread interest because of its bold conception and exciting potential, but the field is still in its infancy. Although there has been tremendous progress achieved recently in generating, integrating and analysing data in the medical and pharmaceutical field, many challenges remain, especially with...article 2004
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Court, A.J. (author), Smorenburg, K. (author), Courrèges-Lacoste, G.B. (author), Visser, H. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), Decae, R. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)Satellite remote sensing of aerosols is a largely unresolved problem. A dedicated instrument aimed at aerosols would be able to reduce the large uncertainties connected to this kind of remote sensing. TNO is performing a study of a space based instrument for aerosol measurements, together with the study of up-to-date aerosol transport modeling...article 2004
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Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author), Smorenburg, K. (author), Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, G.A.F. (author), Decae, R. (author), Court, A.J. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), Visser, H. (author)At present there is an increasing interest in remote sensing of aerosols from space because of the large impact of aerosols on climate, earth observation and health. TNO has performed a study aimed at improving aerosol characterisation using a space based instrument and state-of-the-art aerosol retrieval algorithms, based on requirements for up...conference paper 2004
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Schellen, A. (author), Ooms, B. (author), van de Lagemaat, D. (author), Vreeken, R. (author), van Dongen, W.D. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A generic method was developed for the fast determination of a wide range of drugs in serum or plasma. The methodology comprises generic solid-phase extraction, on-line coupled to gradient HPLC with tandem mass spectrometric detection (SPE-LC-MS/MS). The individual components of the SPE-LC-MS/MS system were optimized in an integrated approach to...article 2003
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Mol, H.G.J. (author), van Dam, R.C.J. (author), Steijger, O.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A method based on liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS was developed for sensitive determination of a number of less gas chromatography (GC)-amenable organophosphorus pesticides (OPs; acephate, methamidophos, monocrotophos, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl and vamidothion) in cabbage and grapes. For extraction, several solvents were...article 2003
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Kievit, O. (author), Busker, R.W. (author), Kientz, C.E. (author), Marijnissen, J.C.M. (author)This paper describes the latest achievements in the development of a new rapid detector for biological warfare agents (BWA). The system uses aerodynamic particle sizing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI ATOFMS) to analyse individual aerosol particles sampled directly from the...article 2003
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Court, A.J. (author), Smorenburg, C. (author), Visser, H. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)Except for meteorological satellites earth observation is usually performed from satellites in low Earth orbit. An instrument GeoSCIA ( GEOstationary SCanning Imaging Absorption spectromter) is proposed for observation of the atmosphere from a geostationary orbit ( 36,000 km altitude). Herewith diurnal variation of geophysical parameters such as...article 2002
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Butler, J.J. (author), Park, H. (author), Barnes, P.Y. (author), Early, E.A. (author), van Eijk-Olij, C. (author), Zoutman, A.E. (author), van Buller-Leeuwen, S. (author), Groote Schaarsberg, J. (author)The measurement and long-term monitoring of global total ozone by ultraviolet albedo measuring satellite instruments require accurate and precise determination of the Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) of laboratory-based diffusers used in the pre-launch calibration of those instruments. To assess the ability of laboratories...conference paper 2002
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Dobber, M.R. (author)This document describes the calibration and performance of the SCIAMACHY instrument, to be launched on ESA-ENVISAT in 2000, after the main on-ground calibration and performance verification phases. A number of calibration and performance parameters will be discussed and results will be shown.conference paper 1999
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Chommeloux, B. (author), Baudin, G. (author), Gourmelon, G. (author), Bézy, J.L. (author), van Eijk-Olij, C. (author), Groote Schaarsberg, J.J.M. (author), Werij, H.G.C. (author), Zoutman, A.E. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)The Medium Resolution imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), developed under European Space Agency (ESA) contract, for the Envisat 1 Polar Orbit Earth Mission belongs to a new generation of Ocean Color sensors which aim to improve the knowledge of some crucial processes of our planet. The instrument currently in the final stages of development is built...conference paper 1998
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Elliott, C.T. (author), Baxter, G.A. (author), Hewitt, S.A. (author), Arts, C.J.M. (author), van Baak, M. (author), Hellenäs, K.-E. (author), Johannson, A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The drug salbutamol (SBL) is a β-agonist that may be used illegally as an animal growth promoter. SBL is also a good example of a drug which is excreted in the form of glucuronides and sulfates. Such metabolites cause complexities in analysing for the presence of drug residues. In the majority of cases a process of deconjugation and sample clean...article 1998
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Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author), van Baar, B.L.M. (author), Rozendal, J. (author), van der Goot, H. (author)The natural compound curcumin, used in cosmetics, traditional medicines and as a spice in food, is known as a multi-factorial anti-inflammatory agent. To study the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin derivatives, 24 analogues were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and electron ionization (EI) mass spectrometry. Most...article 1998
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Hoekstra, R. (author), Olij, C. (author), Zoutman, A.E. (author), Werij, H.G.C. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) was launched onboard the ERS2 satellite in April 1995. In order to study atmospheric trends over a very long time, the instrument was calibrated on ground very accurately. Obviously the accuracy has to be guaranteed during the lifetime of the instrument. Therefore, since the instrument in space is...conference paper 1997
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Werij, H.G.C. (author), Olij, C. (author), Zoutman, A.E. (author), Kamp, A. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)One of the instruments to be launched on ENVISAT around the turn of the century is the Scanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric Cartography (SCIAMACHY). This eight-channel spectrometer covers the wavelength range of 240 nm to 2385 nm and will allow the first space-borne simultaneous atmospheric measurements in the ultraviolet,...conference paper 1997