Simulation Method for Whiplash Injury Prediction Using an Active Human

Despite improvements in seat design over the last decade for rear‐impact crash scenarios, the burden for insurance companies seemed to be so high that in several EU countries the legislation concerning claims for whiplash injury has recently been made more stringent. Many studies have been performed in an attempt to understand the injury...

WorldSID dummy head-neck biofidelity response

Performance comparison of rear impact dummies Hybrid III (TRID), BioRID and RID2

The objective of this study is to compare the performance of different seats using the named three dummies in low speed rear-end impact sled tests.

Whole body kinematics using post mortem human subjects in experimental rear impact

This research was initiated to create an accurate dataset with respect to the kinematics of 5th and 95th percentile human subjects under low and moderate rear end impact conditions. For this purpose, rigid seat rear impact sled experiments were conducted using 5 unembalmed post mortem human subjects (PMHS): four 5th percentile females and one...

Test methodology for low-speed rear impact human kinematics and dynamics

Design of crash dummies and development of numeric models of the human body require data sets which specify the performance of real humans in crash impact conditions. Rear impact conditions have become increasingly important during the last decade. This resulted in a growing number of research projects focusing on the kinematic and dynamic...

Analysis of rear end impact using mathematical human modelling

At TNO an omni-directional mathematical human body model has been developed. Until now this human model has been validated for frontal and lateral loading using response data of volunteer and post mortem human subject (PMHS) sled tests. For rearward loading it has been validated for high speed impact (10 to 15g) using PMHS responses. The...

Improved seat and manniken models to study rear impact protection

Occupant injury in automobile rear-end collisions is rapidly becoming one of the most aggravating traffic safety problems with high human suffering and societal costs. Recent studies in Europe, Canada and Japan have found that injury claims, in particular neck injuries due to rear impact have steadily increased and resulted in significant...