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Derous, D. (author), Kelder, T. (author), van Schothorst, E.M. (author), van Erk, M. (author), Voigt, A. (author), Klaus, S. (author), Keijer, J. (author), Radonjic, M. (author)Health is influenced by interplay of molecular, physiological and environmental factors. To effectively maintain health and prevent disease, health-relevant relations need to be understood at multiple levels of biological complexity. Network-based methods provide a powerful platform for integration and mining of data and knowledge characterizing...article 2015
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van Mierlo, G.J.D. (author), Cnubben, N.H.P. (author), Wouters, D. (author), Wolbink, G.J. (author), Hart, M.H.L. (author), Rispens, T. (author), Ganderup, N.C. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Aarden, L. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author)Immunogenicity is a major issue of concern for monoclonal antibodies used in human diseases and is by default mainly determined in non-human primates (NHP), as target molecules are considered most similar in NHP compared to human. In this manuscript the predictive value of immunogenicity testing in minipigs for human safety is evaluated, as the...article 2014
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Valstar, D.L. (author), Schijf, M.A. (author), Nijkamp, F.P. (author), Storm, G. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Bloksma, N. (author), Henricks, P.A.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Occupational exposure to low molecular weight chemicals, like trimellitic anhydride (TMA), can result in occupational asthma. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are among the first cells to encounter inhaled compounds. These cells can produce many different mediators that have a putative role in asthma. In this study, we examined the role of AMs in lung...article 2006
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Lina, B. (author), Korte, H. (author), Nyman, L. (author), Unkila, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Plant lignan 7-hydroxymatairesinol (7-HMR) is a novel precursor of the mammalian lignan enterolactone. A 13 week toxicity study at dietary levels of 0, 0.25, 1, and 4% (w/w) of potassium acetate complex of 7-HMR (HMRlignan) was conducted in the Wistar rat. These dietary levels resulted in an average daily intake of 160, 640, and 2600 mg...article 2005
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Germolec, D.R. (author), Kashon, M. (author), Nyska, A. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Portier, C. (author), Kommineni, C. (author), Johnson, K.A. (author), Luster, M.I. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The accuracy of extended histopathology to detect immunotoxic chemicals in female B6C3F1 mice was evaluated under the auspices of the National Toxicology Program (NTP). A workgroup was formed consisting of four pathologists who conducted extended histopathological evaluation of lymphoid tissues obtained from a subset of NTP toxicology studies,...article 2004
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Delaney, B. (author), Carlson, T. (author), Zheng, G.-H. (author), Hess, R. (author), Knutson, N. (author), Frazer, S. (author), Ostergren, K. (author), van Zijverden, M. (author), Knippels, L. (author), Jonker, D. (author), Penninks, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The cholesterol-lowering effect observed following consumption of oats and barley is attributable to the β-glucan component of the soluble fiber fraction of these cereal grains. β-Glucan has also been reported to modulate immune activity, however, few studies have evaluated the hematological effects of β-glucan following oral exposure. In the...article 2003
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Delaney, B. (author), Carlson, T. (author), Frazer, S. (author), Zheng, T. (author), Hess, R. (author), Ostergren, K. (author), Kierzek, K. (author), Haworth, J. (author), Knutson, N. (author), Junker, K. (author), Jonker, D. (author), TNO Voeding (author)β-Glucans are water-soluble cell-wall polysaccharides consisting of (1→3,1→4)-linked β-D-glucopyranosyl monomers that comprise a considerable proportion of soluble fiber from certain grains including oats and barley. Consumption of foods containing β-glucan or β-glucan-enriched fractions prepared from these grains lower serum cholesterol...article 2003
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Jonker, D. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Fraile, N. (author), Estrella, A. (author), Rodríguez Otero, C. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Lycopene, as a suspension in sunflower oil (20% w/w), was tested for subchronic toxicity by administration at dietary concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0% to groups of 20 male and 20 female Wistar rats for a period of 90 days. The lycopene examined in this study was derived from a fungal biomass (Blakeslea trispora). Lycopene intake was...article 2003
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TNO Voeding (author), Vente-Spreeuwenberg, M.A.M. (author), Verdonk, J.M.A.J. (author), Verstegen, M.W.A. (author), Beynen, A.C. (author)The present study was designed to evaluate the differential effects of dietary glucose, lactose and starch on small-intestinal morphology, organ weights, pH of chyme and haptoglobin levels in blood plasma of weaned piglets. It was hypothesised that lactose consumption would ameliorate the weaning-induced decrease in gut integrity. A total of...article 2003
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Jonker, D. (author), Lina, B.A.R. (author), Kozianowski, G. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The potential subchronic oral toxicity of isomaltulose (Palatinose®) was examined by administering this substance in the diet to groups of 20 male and 20 female Wistar rats at levels of 0, 2.5, 5 and 10% for 13 consecutive weeks. Daily clinical observations, body weight, food conversion efficiency, food and water consumption were not affected at...article 2002
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Hempenius, R.A. (author), Lina, B.A.R. (author), Haggitt, R.C. (author)Arachidonic acid oil (ARA-oil) derived from the fungus Mortierella alpina for use in infant nutrition was tested in a subchronic (13-week) oral toxicity study in rats, preceded by an in utero exposure phase. The ARA-oil was administered as admixture to the rodent diet at dose levels of 3000 ppm, 15,000 ppm and 75,000 ppm. An additional high-dose...article 2000
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Til, H.P. (author), Bär, A. (author)The oral toxicity of γ-cyclodextrin (γ- CD) was examined in a 13-week feeding study in which four groups of four male and four female Beagle dogs received γ-CD in the diet at concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10, or 20%. No treatment-related changes were noted in behavior or appearance of the dogs and no mortalities occurred. Transient diarrhea...article 1998
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Bär, A. (author)The toxicity of γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD), a cyclic polymer of eight α-1,4-linked glucopyranosyl units with potential applications as a food ingredient, was examined in a 2-week pilot study followed by a 13-week oral toxicity study in Wistar rats. In the 2-week study, the test substance was administered to groups of 5 male rats at dietary levels of...article 1998
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Til, H.P. (author), Modderman, J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Erythritol was orally administered to Wistar rats at dietary levels of 0, 5, and 10% for 4 weeks. Soft stools and diarrhea were observed in male and female animals of the 10% group and in female animals of the 5% group. These symptoms disappeared during the course of the study. Mean body weights of male rats in the high-dose group were...article 1996
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Visser, C.J.T. (author), Meijers, M. (author), van Garderen-Hoetmer, A. (author), Klijn, J.G.M. (author), Foekens, J.A. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The present 12-month study was carried out to investigate the effects of the aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide, alone and in combination with orchiectomy, on pancreatic carcinogenesis in azaserine-treated rats and N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine-treated hamsters. Treatment of the animals started 4 months after the last injection with the...article 1995
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Jonker, D. (author), Til, H.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)To compare the possible effects of microwave and conventional cooking on a range of common dietary components, mixed human diets containing beef, potatoes and vegetables were fed to groups of 10 male and 10 female Wistar rats for 13 wk. The diet ingredients were cooked by either of the methods in a normal and an abused manner, the latter...article 1995
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Jonker, D. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Til, H.P. (author), Feron, V.J. (author)In a 4-wk study, 10-wk-old Wistar rats were fed the nephrotoxins hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), mercuric chloride, d-limonene and lysinoalanine either alone or in combination. These nephrotoxins damage epithelial cells of the proximal tubules, but by different mechanisms. Each chemical was given alone at a Minimum-Nephrotoxic-Effect Level ...article 1993
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Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author), Appel, M.J. (author), Meijers, M. (author), van Garderen-Hoetmer, A. (author), Lamers, C.B.H.W. (author), Rovati, L.C. (author), Sprij-Mooij, D. (author), Jansen, J.B.M.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author)The role of cholecystokinin in dietary fat-promoted pancreatic carcinogenesis was investigated in azaserine-treated rats, using lorglumide, a highly specific cholecystokinin-receptor antagonist. The animals were killed 8 months after the start of treatment. Cholecystokinin, but not dietary unsaturated fat, increased pancreatic weight. Rats...article 1992
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TNO-Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (author), Schutte, J.B. (author), de Jong, J. (author), van Weerden, E.J. (author), van Baak, M.J. (author)1. Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of feeding D-xylose and L-arabinose on broiler performance, body composition, caecal length and weight, and liver weight. 2. Graded amounts (25, 50 and 75 g/kg) of D-xylose or L-arabinose were added to either a practical type (Exp. A) or a semi-purified (Exp. B) basal diet. As reference, a...article 1992
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Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author), Reuzel, P.G.J. (author), Bruijntjes, J.P. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author)The inhalation toxicity of three amorphous silicas (Aerosol 200, Aerosil R 974 and Sipernat 22S) was compared with that of quartz dust. Rast were exposed to 1, 6 or 30 mg Aerosil 200/m3, 30 mg Aerosil R 974/m3, 30 mg Sipernat 22S/m3 or 60 mg quartz/m3 for 6 hr/day, 5 day/wk for 13 wk. Some rats were killed at the end of the exposure period and...article 1991
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