Cool products for building envelope - Part II: Experimental and numerical evaluation of thermal performances

Cool materials have a large potential as cost-effective solution for reducing cooling energy consumption in hot summer and mild winter regions like Mediterranean countries. A previous paper has described in detail the development of cool coloured ceramic tiles, acrylic paints and bituminous membranes for the building envelope taking into account...

Optimization of burners in oxygen-gas fired glass furnace

The energy efficiency performance, production stability and emissions of oxygen-fired glass furnaces are influenced by the type of burner, burner nozzle sizes, burner positions, burner settings, oxygen-gas ratios and the fuel distribution among all the burners. These parameters have been optimized for a 300 tpd (metric tons per day glass pull)...

Modelling piloted ignition of wood and plastics

To gain insight in the startup of an incinerator, this article deals with piloted ignition. A newly developed model is described to predict the piloted ignition times of wood, PMMA and PVC. The model is based on the lower flammability limit and the adiabatic flame temperature at this limit. The incoming radiative heat flux, sample thickness and...

Non-invasive continuous core temperature measurement by zero heat flux

Reliable continuous core temperature measurement is of major importance for monitoring patients. The zero heat flux method (ZHF) can potentially fulfil the requirements of non-invasiveness, reliability and short delay time that current measurement methods lack. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of a new ZHF device on the...

Round-robin test of heat flux sensors

The first intercomparison on the density of heat flow-rate measurements has been organized by MKEH (Hungarian Trade Licensing Office, Metrology Division) within the framework of EUROMET (Project No. 426). This round-robin test gives evidence about the measurement capabilities of the local realizations of a density of a heat flow-rate scale up to...

Thermal state of the Roer Valley Graben, part of the European Cenozoic Rift System

We performed a detailed analysis of the thermal state of the Cenozoic Roer Valley Graben, the north-western branch of the European Cenozoic Rift System, based on a new set of temperature data. We developed a numerical technique for correcting bottom hole temperatures, including an evaluation of the uncertainty of thermal parameters. Comparison...

Melt and collapse of buried water ice: An alternative hypothesis for the formation of chaotic terrains on Mars

Chaotic terrains and the associated massive outflow channels are some of the most enigmatic features on Mars. Over hundreds of kilometres of rock units are fractured, tilted, and have subsided, forming chaotic terrain basins (Sharp, 1973). Large quantities of water emanated from these chaotic terrains in short periods of time in the Hesperian...

Extension and application of a scaling technique for duplication of in-flight aerodynamic heat flux in ground test facilities

To enable direct experimental duplication of the inflight heat flux distribution on supersonic and hypersonic vehicles, an aerodynamic heating scaling technique has been developed. The scaling technique is based on the analytical equations for convective heat transfer for laminar and turbulent boundary layers that follow from applying the...

Probabilistic tectonic heat flow modeling for basin maturation: Assessment method and applications

Tectonic modeling is often neglected in the basin modeling workflow and heat flow is most times considered a user input. Such heat flows can, therefore, result in erroneous basin modeling outcomes, resulting in false overoptimistic identification of prospective areas or failure to identify prospects. This is particularly true for areas with...

Enhanced heat transfer in confined pool boiling

We report the results of an experimental investigation of the heat transfer during nucleate boiling on a spatially confined boiling surface. The heat flux as a function of the boiling surface temperature was measured in pool boiling pots with diameters ranging from 15 mm down to 4.5 mm. It was found that a reduction of the pool diameter leads to...

Heat stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Effects on grain growth and quality traits

Heat stress effects on grain dry mass and quality were studied in spring wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.). Three cultivars were chosen with respect to heat tolerance: Lavett (genotype 1), selected for temperate growing conditions and two CIMMYT cultivars, Ciano-79 (genotype 2) and Attila (genotype 3), respectively heat sensitive and heat...

Predictions of flow and heat transfer in multiple impinging jets with an elliptic-blending second-moment closure

We present numerical computations of flow and heat transfer in multiple jets impinging normally on a flat heated surface, obtained with a new second-moment turbulence closure combined with an elliptic blending model of non-viscous wall blocking effect. This model provides the mean velocity and turbulent stress fields in very good agreement with...

Changing of ballistic parameters from aged gun propellants

The various properties of an SB and a DB gun propellant were investigated before and after artificial ageing. It was found that the decrease of nitrocellulose (NC) molecular weight, due to ageing of gun propellants, leads to a decrease of the mechanical integrity of the propellant grains. The effect of grain fracture on the peak pressure was...