Optimized 3-D simulation method for modeling out-of-plane radiation in silicon photonic integrated circuits

We present an accurate and fast 3-D simulation scheme for out-of-plane grating couplers, based on 2-D rigorous [finite difference time domain (FDTD)] grating simulations, the effective index method, and the RayleighSommerfeld diffraction formula. In comparison with full 3-D FDTD simulations, the rms difference in electric field is below 5% and...

The finite difference time domain method on a massively parallel computer

At the Physics and Electronics Laboratory TNO much research is done in the field of computational electromagnetics (CEM). One of the tools in this field is the Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD), a method that has been implemented in a program in order to be able to compute electromagnetic scattering by complex objects. In this paper a...