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Tonk, E.C.M. (author), de Groot, D.M.G. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Waalkens - Berendsen, I.D.H. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Slob, W. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), van Loveren, H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Current developmental and reproductive toxicity protocols include only a limited set of parameters for effects on the developing immune system. In this study, a wide range of immunological parameters were included in a pre- and postnatal developmental toxicity study. Dose-response data were compared to determine the relative sensitivity of...article 2010
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Willemsen, G. (author), de Geus, E.J.C. (author), Bartels, M. (author), van Beijsterveldt, C.E.M.T. (author), Brooks, A.I. (author), Estourgie-van Burk, G.F. (author), Fugman, D.A. (author), Hoekstra, C. (author), Hottenga, J.-J. (author), Kluft, K. (author), Meijer, P. (author), Montgomery, G.W. (author), Rizzu, P. (author), Sondervan, D. (author), Smit, A.B. (author), Spijker, S. (author), Suchiman, H.E.D. (author), Tischfield, J.A. (author), Lehner, T. (author), Slagboom, P.E. (author), Boomsma, D.I. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)In 2004 the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) started a large scale biological sample collection in twin families to create a resource for genetic studies on health, lifestyle and personality. Between January 2004 and July 2008, adult participants from NTR research projects were invited into the study. During a home visit between 7:00 and 10:00 am...article 2010
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Noort, D. (author), Fidder, A. (author), Degenhardt-Langelaan, C.E.A.M. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)The persistence in rats of sulfur mustard adducts to albumin and hemoglobin was studied in vivo after exposure (intravenously; 0.3 mg/kg; approximately 0.1 LD50) of rats to sulfur mustard. The albumin adduct (S-HETE)Cys-Pro-Tyr was detectable up to 7 days after the exposure, while the adduct to the N-terminal valine in hemoglobin was still...article 2008
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Smulders, Y.M. (author), Smith, D.E.C. (author), Kok, R.M. (author), Teerlink, T. (author), Gellekink, H. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), Jakobs, C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: Red blood cells (RBCs) represent a storage pool for folate. In contrast to plasma, RBC folate can appear in different biochemical isoforms. So far, only the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 TT genotype has been identified as a determinant of RBC folate vitamer distribution. Objective: The purpose of this study is to...article 2007
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Suwa, Y. (author), Fujikawa, S. (author), Ishikura, Y. (author), Tsuda, S. (author), Dohnalek, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are natural constituents found in human milk, fish oil or egg yolk. Until recently, infant formulas, though providing the essential fatty acid precursors for these PUFAs, did not contain preformed ARA or DHA. In this study the safety of SUNTGA40S...article 2006
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Liebsch, M. (author), Spielmann, H. (author), Pape, W. (author), Krul, C. (author), Deguercy, A. (author), Eskes, C.A.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Regulatory requirements: According to the current Notes for Guidance of the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products (SCCNFP), cosmetic ingredients and mixtures of ingredients absorbing UV light (in particular UV filter chemicals used, for example, to ensure the light stability of cosmetics or used in sun protection...article 2005
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de Jong, R.J. (author), Verwei, M. (author), West, C.E. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Siebelink, E. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Castenmiller, J.J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether milk fortified with folic acid enhances the folate status of humans and whether the presence of folate-binding proteins (FBP) in pasteurised milk affects the bioavailability of folic acid from fortified milk. In untreated and pasteurised milk, folate occurs bound to FBP, while FBP is ...article 2005
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Appel, M.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The present study was performed to investigate the influence of fish oil on the genotoxic effects of azaserine, using the formation of micronucleated erythrocytes as a measure for the degree of initiating potency and the number and size of putative preneoplastic pancreatic atypical acinar cell foci (AACF) as a measure for the actual number of...article 2004
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Delaney, B. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Chemicals / CAS: corn oil, 8001-30-7; mitomycin C, 50-07-7, 74349-48-7; Glucans; Mutagensarticle 2004
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Degenhardt, C.E.A.M. (author), Pleijsier, K. (author), van der Schans, M.J. (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), Preston, K.E. (author), Solano, M.I. (author), Maggio, V.L. (author), Barr, J.R. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)One of the most appropriate biomarkers for the verification of organophosphorus nerve agent exposure is the conjugate of the nerve agent to butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The phosphyl moiety of the nerve agent can be released from the BuChE enzyme by incubation with fluoride ions, after which the resulting organophosphonofluoridate can be...article 2004
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van Helden, H.P.M. (author), Trap, H.C. (author), Kuijpers, W.C. (author), Oostdijk, J.P. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)The purpose of this pilot study was to indicate, for low-level exposure of conscious guinea pigs and marmoset monkeys to sarin vapour in air, the lowest-observable-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) of sarin for miosis. This is the concentration × time (C·t) value (t = 5 h) of exposure at which miosis becomes significant. The ratio of pupil and iris...article 2004
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Bajgar, J. (author), Ševelová, L. (author), Krejčová, G. (author), Fusek, J. (author), Vachek, J. (author), Kassa, J. (author), Herink, J. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author)Soman belongs to the most dangerous nerve agents because of the low effectiveness of the presently available antidotes. Soman acts by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) both peripherally and centrally, with a subsequent accumulation of neuromediator acetylcholine and other metabolic changes. From the data published in literature it can be...article 2004
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Delaney, B. (author), Carlson, T. (author), Frazer, S. (author), Zheng, T. (author), Hess, R. (author), Ostergren, K. (author), Kierzek, K. (author), Haworth, J. (author), Knutson, N. (author), Junker, K. (author), Jonker, D. (author), TNO Voeding (author)β-Glucans are water-soluble cell-wall polysaccharides consisting of (1→3,1→4)-linked β-D-glucopyranosyl monomers that comprise a considerable proportion of soluble fiber from certain grains including oats and barley. Consumption of foods containing β-glucan or β-glucan-enriched fractions prepared from these grains lower serum cholesterol...article 2003
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Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Brink, E.J. (author), Meijer, G.W. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), Ntanios, F.Y. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: To evaluate both efficacy and safety in humans of long-term consumption of spreads containing plant sterol esters. Design: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel trial. Subjects: Hundred and eighty-five healthy volunteers (35-64y). Intervention: Volunteers daily consumed 20g spread enriched with 1.6g plant sterols as...article 2003
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PG (author), Tchetverikov, I. (author), Verzijl, N. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author), de Groot, J. (author)Objective. The aim of the present study was to analyze alpha2Macroglobulin/MMP (alpha2M/MMP) complex formation and to investigate whether MMP activity in alpha2M/MMP complexes in serum can be used as a disease marker in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. High and low molecular weight (H/LMW) substrates and inhibitors and size exclusion were...article 2003
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Jonker, D. (author), Lina, B.A.R. (author), Kozianowski, G. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The potential subchronic oral toxicity of isomaltulose (Palatinose®) was examined by administering this substance in the diet to groups of 20 male and 20 female Wistar rats at levels of 0, 2.5, 5 and 10% for 13 consecutive weeks. Daily clinical observations, body weight, food conversion efficiency, food and water consumption were not affected at...article 2002
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van der Laan, W. (author), Molenaar, E. (author), Ronday, K. (author), Verheijen, J. (author), Breedveld, F. (author), Greenwald, R. (author), Dijkmans, B. (author), Tekoppele, J. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)Objective. To investigate the effects of doxycycline on disease activity and joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. A 36 week double blind, placebo controlled crossover trial was conducted. Patients (n = 66) received 50 mg doxycycline or placebo twice a day during 12, 24, or 36 weeks. Patient assessments were...article 2001
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de Jong, G.A.H. (author), Wijngaards, G. (author), Boumans, H. (author), Koppelman, S. (author), Hessing, M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A procedure for a fast and simple purification of bovine plasma transglutaminase was developed, which resulted in a homogeneous enzyme preparation. Two different procedures were developed for the purification of pig erythrocyte transglutaminase, both of which resulted in partial purification. Both enzymes were used in cross-linking reactions of...article 2001
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Woutersen, R.A. (author), Jonker, D. (author), Stevenson, H. (author), te Biesebeek, J.D. (author), Slob, W. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The OECD study design, aimed at obtaining a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL), may be suboptimal for deriving a benchmark dose. Therefore the present subacute (28-day) study was carried out to evaluate a multiple dose study design and to compare the results with the common OECD design. Seven groups of 10 female rats each were...article 2001
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Fidder, A. (author), Noort, D. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)The development of a procedure for retrospective detection and quantitation of exposure to the arsenical dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine (lewisite; L1) has been initiated. Upon incubation of human blood with [14C]L1 (20 nM-0.2 mM) in vitro, more than 90% of the total radioactivity was found in the erythrocytes and 25-50% of the radioactivity...article 2000