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van Hijum, S.A.F.T. (author), Kralj, S. (author), Ozimek, L.K. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) employ sucrase-type enzymes to convert sucrose into homopolysaccharides consisting of either glucosyl units (glucans) or fructosyl units (fructans). The enzymes involved are labeled glucansucrases (GS) and fructansucrases (FS), respectively. The available molecular, biochemical, and structural information on sucrase...article 2006
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Jeurissen, S.M.F. (author), Bogaards, J.J.P. (author), Boersma, M.G. (author), ter Horst, J.P.F. (author), Awad, H.M. (author), Fiamegos, Y.C. (author), van Beek, T.A. (author), Alink, G.M. (author), Sudhölter, E.J.R. (author), Cnubben, N.H.P. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)In vitro studies were performed to elucidate the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the bioactivation of methyleugenol to its proximate carcinogen 1′-hydroxymethyleugenol. Incubations with Supersomes, expressing individual P450 enzymes to a high level, revealed that P450 1A2, 2A6, 2C9, 2C19, and 2D6 are intrinsically able to 1′...article 2006
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Weenink, X.O. (author), Punt, P.J. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Ram, A.F.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Although filamentous fungi have a unique property of secreting a large amount of homologous extracellular proteins, the use of filamentous fungi as hosts for the production of heterologous proteins is limited because of the low production levels that are generally reached. Here, we report a general screening method for the isolation of mutants...article 2006
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den Boer, M.A.M. (author), Berbée, J.F.P. (author), Reiss, P. (author), van der Valk, M. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author), Kuipers, F. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Rensen, P.C.N. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Objective - The use of the HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir (RTV) is frequently associated with hypertriglyceridemia and lipodystrophy. The aim of our study was to determine the mechanism underlying the observed hypertriglyceridemia. Methods and Results - Feeding female APOE*3-Leiden transgenic mice a Western-type diet supplemented with RTV (35...article 2006
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van Hinsbergh, V.W.M. (author), Engelse, M.A. (author), Quax, P.H.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Pericellular proteases play an important role in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. They comprise (membrane-type) matrix metalloproteinases [(MT-)MMPs], serine proteases, cysteine cathepsins, and membrane-bound aminopeptidases. Specific inhibitors regulate them. Major roles in initiating angiogenesis have been attributed to MT1-matrix...article 2006
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Pasman, W. (author), Wils, D. (author), Saniez, M.H. (author), Kardinaal, A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)Objective: To determine the gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance of NUTRIOSE®FB in men. Design: A randomized, placebo-contro lled, parallel, double-blind study. Setting: The metabolic ward of TNO Quality of Life. Subjects: Forty-eight subjects started the study: 16 men participated in one of the three treatments. Subjects consumed either 22.5 g of...article 2006
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Beklen, A. (author), Tüter, G. (author), Sorsa, T. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author), Virtanen, I. (author), Tervahartiala, T. (author), Konttinen, Y.T. (author)Activated matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) can contribute to periodontal ligament destruction in adult periodontitis. Since MMP-3 has been reported to activate proMMP-8 and -9, it was speculated that gingival tissue fibroblast-derived MMP-3 might, in periodontitis, be responsible for activation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) neutrophil...article 2006
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Bertina, R.M. (author), van Tilburg, N.H. (author), Haverkate, F. (author), Bouma, B.N. (author), von dem Borne, P.A.K. (author), Meijers, J.C.M. (author), Campbell, W. (author), Eaton, D. (author), Hendriks, D.F. (author), Willemse, J.L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)CAS: blood clotting factor 11, 9013-55-2; thrombin, 9002-04-4; tissue plasminogen activator, 105913-11-9; protein C, 60202-16-6; Carboxypeptidase U, 3.4.17.20; Protein C; Tissue Plasminogen Activator, 3.4.21.68article 2006
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Suwa, Y. (author), Fujikawa, S. (author), Ishikura, Y. (author), Tsuda, S. (author), Dohnalek, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are natural constituents found in human milk, fish oil or egg yolk. Until recently, infant formulas, though providing the essential fatty acid precursors for these PUFAs, did not contain preformed ARA or DHA. In this study the safety of SUNTGA40S...article 2006
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van den Akker-van Marle, M.E. (author), Gurwitz, D. (author), Detmar, S.B. (author), Enzing, C.M. (author), Hopkins, M.M. (author), Gutierrez De Mesa, E. (author), Ibarreta, D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Only a few studies have addressed the cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenetics interventions in healthcare. Lack of health economics data on aspects of pharmacogenetics is perceived as one of the barriers hindering its implementation for improving drug safety. Thus, a recent Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS) study, entitled ...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author), Ozimek, L.K. (author), Kralj, S. (author), Kaper, T. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author)Bacterial fructansucrase enzymes belong to glycoside hydrolase family 68 and catalyze transglycosylation reactions with sucrose, resulting in the synthesis of fructooligosaccharides and/or a fructan polymer. Significant differences in fructansucrase enzyme product specificities can be observed, i.e. in the type of polymer (levan or inulin)...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Sluijter, J.P.G. (author), Pulskens, W.P.C. (author), Schoneveld, A.H. (author), Velema, E. (author), Strijder, C.F. (author), Moll, F. (author), de Vries, J.P. (author), Verheijen, J. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author), de Kleijn, D.P.V. (author), Pasterkamp, G. (author)Background and Purpose - We studied matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2, 8, and 9 and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) levels in relation to carotid atherosclerotic plaque characteristics. Methods - Carotid atherosclerotic plaques (n=150) were stained and analyzed for the presence of collagen, smooth muscle cell (SMC), and...article 2006
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Kieboom, J. (author), Abee, T. (author)Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium does not survive a pH 2.5 acid challenge under conditions similar to those used for Escherichia coli (J. W. Foster, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2:898-907, 2004). Here, we provide evidence that S. enterica serovar Typhimurium can display arginine-dependent acid resistance (AM) provided the cells are grown under...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Verheijen, J.H. (author), Huisman, L.G.M. (author), van Lent, N. (author), Neumann, U. (author), Paganetti, P. (author), Erik Hack, C. (author), Bouwman, F. (author), Lindeman, J. (author), Bollen, E.L.E.M. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author)Background: Formation of deposits of the insoluble amyloid β-peptide is believed to be causally related with neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease (AD). The β-peptide originates from a larger amyloid precursor protein (APP) by the action of proteolytic enzymes. The first proteolytic event leading to amyloid formation is the cleavage of APP by...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Uitterlinden, E.J. (author), Jahr, H. (author), Koevoet, J.L.M. (author), Jenniskens, Y.M. (author), Bierma-Zeinstra, S.M.A. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Verhaar, J.A.N. (author), Weinans, H. (author), van Osch, G.J.V.M. (author)Objective: To investigate the effect of glucosamine (GlcN) in a human osteoarthritic explant model on expression of genes involved in anabolic and catabolic activities of chondrocytes. Methods: Human osteoarthritic explants, obtained during knee arthroplasty surgery, were pre-cultured (3 days) and treated with glucosamine-hydrochloride (GlcN-HCl...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Hageman, J.A. (author), van den Berg, R.A. (author), Westerhuis, J.A. (author), Hoefsloot, H.C.J. (author), Smilde, A.K. (author)Clustering of metabolomics data can be hampered by noise originating from biological variation, physical sampling error and analytical error. Using data analysis methods which are not specially suited for dealing with noisy data will yield sub optimal solutions. Bootstrap aggregating (bagging) is a resampling technique that can deal with noise...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Ozimek, L.K. (author), Kralj, S. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijhuizen, L. (author)Bacterial fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes synthesize fructan polymers from sucrose. FTFs catalyse two different reactions, depending on the nature of the acceptor, resulting in: (i) transglycosylation, when the growing fructan chain (polymerization), or mono- and oligosaccharides (oligosaccharide synthesis), are used as the acceptor substrate...article 2006
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Kabel, M.A. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Klip, G. (author), Voragen, A.G.J. (author), Schols, H.A. (author)Commercial cellulase preparations are potentially effective for processing biomass feedstocks in order to obtain bioethanol. In plant cell walls, cellulose fibrils occur in close association with xylans (monocotyls) or xyloglucans (dicotyls). The enzymatic conversion of cellulose/xylans is a complex process involving the concerted action of...article 2006
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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Wils, D. (author), Pasman, W.J. (author), Saniez, M.H. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: It is well documented that fermentation of carbohydrates that escape digestion exert several effects supposed to be beneficial for (colonic) health, including an increase in stool volume, a shorter intestinal transit time, production of short chain fatty acids and a decrease of colonic pH (Kritchevsky 1988). NUTRIOSE®FB is a dextrin...article 2005
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de Jong, A.R. (author), Boumans, H. (author), Slaghek, T. (author), van Veen, J. (author), Rijk, R. (author), van Zandvoort, M.M.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This paper gives an overview of the legal consequences of a new EU framework regulation on food contact materials which includes controls on active and intelligent packaging. Recent developments in active and intelligent packaging systems are described, two examples of which aim at achieving improvements in quality and safety of food products....article 2005