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Moreno, T. (author), Karanasiou, A. (author), Amato, F. (author), Lucarelli, F. (author), Nava, S. (author), Calzolai, G. (author), Chiari, M. (author), Coz, E. (author), Artíñano, B. (author), Lumbreras, J. (author), Borge, R. (author), Boldo, E. (author), Linares, C. (author), Alastuey, A. (author), Querol, X. (author), Gibbons, W. (author)A multi-analytical approach to chemical analysis of inhalable urban atmospheric particulate matter (PM), integrating particle induced X-ray emission, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry/atomic emission spectroscopy, chromatography and thermal-optical transmission methods, allows comparison between hourly (Streaker) and 24-h (High volume...article 2013
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Hermse, C.G.M. (author), Asteman, H. (author), Ijzerman, R.M. (author), Jakobi, D. (author)The current work investigated the impact of surface condition on the metal dusting behavior of chromia forming alloys. Five commercial alloys were included in the study, wrought 800H, 353MA, and cast G4859, G4852 Micro, and ET45 Micro, these alloys have a chromium and nickel content in the range of 20-35 wt% and 32-45 wt%, respectively. The...article 2013
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Bluyssen, P.M. (author), Alblas, M.J. (author), Tuinman, I.L. (author)In the last decade, studies on indoor air pollution suggest a link between exposure to indoor particulate matter and compounds, in particular ultrafine particles and secondary organic aerosols, and several health effects. The mechanisms of how those complex mixtures relate to health effects are still not fully understood. In vitro testing, i.e.,...article 2013
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Ferrari, G.M. (author), Buter, S.J. (author), Zhang, X. (author), Prent, C.S.W. (author)Corrosion protection of ballast water tanks is very precarious because of the aggressiveness of the environment and the difficult accessibility of the areas. Numerous accidents have led to regulation by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Practical circumstances in yards are often not ideal; therefore it is of interest to investigate...conference paper 2012
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The influence of production routes on the metal dusting behavior of UNS N06025 plate, strip and tubeHattendorf, H. (author), Hermse, C.G.M. (author), Hannig, W. (author)It is generally known that the production route influences the sensitivity of a material to metal dusting. In this study the different production states of UNS N06025 are compared as there are: plate deeply ground and 600 grit laboratory ground, strip as-delivered and 600 grit laboratory ground, and longitudinally welded tubes as-delivered and...conference paper 2012
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Jacobs, J.H. (author), Fuertes, E. (author), Krop, E.J.M. (author), Spithoven, J. (author), Tromp, P. (author), Heederik, D.J.J. (author)Objectives: To describe associations among swimming, respiratory health, allergen sensitisation and Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) levels in Dutch schoolchildren. Trichloramine levels in swimming pool air were determined to assess potential exposure levels. Methods: Respiratory health and pool attendance information was collected from 2359...article 2012
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Mielonen, T. (author), Levy, R.C. (author), Aaltonen, V. (author), Komppula, M. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), Huttunen, J. (author), Lihavainen, H. (author), Kolmonen, P. (author), Lehtinen, K.E.J. (author), Arola, A. (author)Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (AE) values derived with the MODIS retrieval algorithm over land (Collection 5) are compared with ground based sun photometer measurements at eleven sites spanning the globe. Although, in general, total AOD compares well at these sites (R 2 values generally over 0.8), there are cases (from 2 to...article 2011
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van Tongeren, M. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Spankie, S. (author), Tischer, M. (author), Brouwer, D. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Cherrie, J.W. (author), Tielemans, E. (author)The Advanced REACH Tool (ART) is an exposure assessment tool that combines mechanistically modelled inhalation exposure estimates with available exposure data using a Bayesian approach. The mechanistic model is based on nine independent principal modifying factors (MF). One of these MF is the substance emission potential, which addresses the...article 2011
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Hermse, C.G.M. (author)The current paper determines whether the rate of the metal dusting reaction is kinetically or thermodynamically controlled at 600 degrees Celsius. This is done by varying the gas composition, specifically the CO partial pressure and the carbon activity, and comparing the degradation rates of alloy 800H samples. ©2011 by NACE International.conference paper 2011
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Hermse, C.G.M. (author), Asteman, H. (author), IJzerman, R.M. (author), Jakobi, D. (author)Corrosion investigations and testing standards normally use standard surface pre-treatments, e.g. ground samples. This is in order to be able to determine the impact of various elements. The end users of materials therefore generally have access to good data regarding the impact of the alloy composition. The problem is that alloys are almost...conference paper 2011
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van den Hoogenband, V. (author), de Maaijer, M. (author), Versloot, N.H.A. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)During spray drying where a solution is dispersed in small droplets through a nozzle the liquid evaporates by means of hot air. In a large number of these processes organic materials are processed so three out of four factors for dust explosions to occur are already present. The only thing missing for a dust explosion to occur is an ignition...conference paper 2010
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Astitha, M. (author), Kallos, G. (author), Spyrou, C. (author), O'Hirok, W. (author), Lelieveld, J. (author), van der Denier Gon, H.A.C. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Detailed information on the chemical and physical properties of aerosols is important for assessing their role in air quality and climate. This work explores the origin and fate of continental aerosols transported over the Central Atlantic Ocean, in terms of chemical composition, number and size distribution, using chemistry-transport models,...article 2010
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Snik, F. (author), Rietjens, J.H.H. (author), van Harten, G. (author), Stam, D.M. (author), Keller, C.U. (author), Smit, J.M. (author), Laan, E.C. (author), Verlaan, A.L. (author), ter Horst, R. (author), Navarro, R. (author), Wielinga, K. (author), Moon, S.G. (author), Voors, R. (author)SPEX (Spectropolarimeter for Planetary EXploration) is an innovative, compact instrument for spectropolarimetry, and in particular for detecting and characterizing aerosols in planetary atmospheres. With its ∼1-liter volume it is capable of full linear spectropolarimetry, without moving parts. The degree and angle of linear polarization of the...conference paper 2010
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Klein-Douwel, R.J.H. (author), Donkerbroek, A.J. (author), van Vliet, A.P. (author), Boot, M.D. (author), Somers, L.M.T. (author), Baert, R.S.G. (author), Dam, N.J. (author), ter Meulen, J.J. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)High-speed imaging, spectroscopy and thermodynamical characterization are applied to an optically accessible, heavy-duty diesel engine in order to compare sooting and chemiluminescence behaviour of bio-derived, oxygenated fuels and various reference fuels. The fuels concerned include the bio-derived fuels Jatropha oil (pure), Jatropha...conference paper 2009
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Warren, N. (author), Meijster, T. (author), Heederik, D. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objectives: This paper presents a dynamic population-based model for the development of sensitisation and respiratory symptoms in bakery workers. The model simulates a population of individual workers longitudinally and tracks the development of work-related sensitisation and respiratory symptoms in each worker. Methods: The model has three...article 2009
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Hermse, C.G.M. (author), van Wortel, J.C. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)We have performed a long term comparative study between five wrought and three centricast materials, both as-is, and in coated condition. Two commercially available coatings were applied to each different alloy. One coating was aluminum based with a chromium rich intermediate layer. The other coating was nickel rich with substantial amounts of...conference paper 2009
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TNO Industrie en Techniek (author), Hermse, C.G.M. (author), van Wortel, J.C. (author)The authors have identified a compositional relationship between several commercially available wrought alloys, focussing only on the iron, nickel, chromium and aluminium content. The degradation rate due to metal dusting varies with the surface condition of each alloy: a ground surface condition corresponds to smaller mass losses than a pickled...article 2009
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Versloot, N.H.A. (author), Klein, A.J.J. (author), de Maaijer, M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)On July 1, 2003 a transitional period has ended and two European directives became fully active: • Directive 1999/92/EC • Directive 94/9/EC These directives have an impact on companies with an explosion hazard (gas, vapor, mist, or dust explosions) and on manufacturers of equipment intended to be used in explosive atmospheres. The directives...article 2008
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Meijster, T. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Heederik, D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objectives: To effectively decrease occupational exposure to flour dust and related allergens, detailed information on exposure determinants and effectiveness of control measures is essential. In this paper, we use personal real-time exposure measurements to get more insight into the relationship between specific work characteristics, including...article 2008
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Stuurman, B. (author), Meijster, T. (author), Heederik, D. (author), Doekes, G. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objectives: To obtain an overview of inhalable β(1→3)glucans levels in Dutch industrial bakeries and explore possible associations with reported respiratory health effects in bakery workers. Methods: β(1→3)glucan levels were analysed in 186 personal inhalable dust measurements obtained from a random population of bakery workers. Association...article 2008