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Reuten, A.J.C. (author), Smeets, J.B.J. (author), Rausch, J. (author), Martens, M.H. (author), Schmidt, E.A. (author), Bos, J.E. (author)The introduction of (fully) automated vehicles has generated a re-interest in motion sickness, given that passengers suffer much more from motion sickness compared to car drivers. A suggested solution is to improve the anticipation of passive self-motion via cues that alert passengers of changes in the upcoming motion trajectory. We already know...article 2023
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Schmeitz, A.J.C. (author), Willemsen, D.M.C. (author), Ellwanger, S. (author)Platooning is a cooperative driving technology for driving in a longitudinal formation. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is the key enabling technology. Platooning is considered to be a closed application between well-known participants that use V2V data for their operation. For the deployment of platooning, multi-brand, i.e. interoperable...article 2023
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Willemsen, D.M.C. (author), Schmeitz, A.J.C. (author), Mascalchi, E. (author)Truck platooning is the linking of two or more trucks in convoy, using connectivity technology and automated driving support systems. For the wide deployment of platooning, multi-brand, i.e. interoperable, solutions are paramount. To achieve this, the European ENSEMBLE (ENabling SafE Multi-Brand pLatooning for Europe) project has been conducted....article 2023
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de Gelder, E. (author), op den Camp, O.M.G.C. (author)Objective: Regulations are currently being drafted by the European Commission for the safe introduction of automated driving systems (ADSs) with conditional or higher automation (SAE level 3 and above). One of The development of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) has made significant progress in the last years. To enable the deployment of...article 2023
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den Camp, O.O. (author), de Gelder, E. (author), Broos, J. (author)To ensure the safe and responsible deployment of vehicles equipped with Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) onto the public road, a safety assessment of such vehicles should be passed successfully. The assessment results should be unambiguous, easily understood by experts in the field, and explainable to authorities and the general public. An...conference paper 2023
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Smit, R. (author), van der Ploeg, C. (author), Teerhuis, A. (author), Silvas, E. (author)The urban environment is amongst the most difficult domains for autonomous vehicles. The vehicle must be able to plan a safe route on challenging road layouts, in the presence of various dynamic traffic participants such as vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians and in various environmental conditions. The challenge remains to have motion planners...conference paper 2022
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Geurts, M. (author), Hogema, J. (author), Silvas, E. (author), Souman, J. (author), Rahman, A. (author), Hiller, J. (author)To develop safe automated driving functions, knowing road-user’s lane change behaviour is critical. This detection problem may depend on multiple aspects such as road conditions, location, and weather. To understand the effect of these situational variables, this work introduces a lane change detection algorithm and assessed its performance...conference paper 2022
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Varotto, S.F. (author), Mons, C. (author), Hogema, J. (author), Christoph, M. (author), van Nes, N. (author), Martens, M.H. (author)Advanced driver assistance systems such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) and lane keeping system (LKS) potentially contribute to reducing crash rates and traffic congestion. On-road studies based on early ACC systems operational at medium–high speeds only have shown that the system reduces the proportion of short time gaps when activated....article 2022
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Sharma, S. (author), van Lint, H. (author), Tavasszy, L. (author), Snelder, M. (author)This paper studies and compares the gap selection process of multiple vehicle classes (passenger cars, delivery vans, and trucks) within their discretionary lane changing activities. Given a trajectory or a sequence of gap selection decisions, we aim to predict whether a vehicle will change or keep a lane. For this purpose, we use a large...article 2022
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Stapel, J. (author), Happee, R. (author), Christoph, M. (author), van Nes, N. (author), Martens, M. (author)This study reports usage of supervised automation and driver attention from longitudinal naturalistic driving observations. Automation inexperienced drivers were provided with instrumented vehicles with adaptive cruise control (ACC) and lane keeping (LK) features (SAE level 2). Data was collected comparing one month of driving without support to...article 2022
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Hogema, J. (author)In the context of optimizing driver information and warning strategies, we conducted a study aimed at decreasing driver reaction time by warning the driver in a more efficient way. Initially focusing on forward collision situations, we tested the effects of the proximity of an audio warning (i.e., in terms of speaker distance from the driver)....conference paper 2021
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Imants, P. (author), Theeuwes, J. (author), Bronkhorst, A.W. (author), Martens, M.H. (author)With the arrival of new technologies more en-route traffic information sources have become available, especially in-car information sources. The aim of this study is to gain more insight into the effect of multiple, and possibly conflicting, sources of information on route choice and driver behaviour. In a driving simulator experiment,...article 2021
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Hasan, M.M. (author), Avramis, N. (author), Ranta, M. (author), Saez-De-ibarra, A. (author), Baghdadi, M.E. (author), Hegazy, O. (author)The paper presents use case simulations of fleets of electric buses in two cities in Europe, one with a warm Mediterranean climate and the other with a Northern European (cool temperate) climate, to compare the different climatic effects of the thermal management strategy and charging management strategy. Two bus routes are selected in each city...article 2021
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Souman, J.L. (author), Adjenughwure, K. (author), van Dam, E. (author), van Weperen, M. (author), Tejada, A. (author)This report summarizes the findings of the QuaSaR project that TNO conducted for the Netherlands Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management (I&W). The Ministry has asked for this information to determine the feasibility of defining a method to quantitatively assess driving safety that could be applied to driving with automated vehicles....report 2021
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Schmidt, E.A. (author), Kuiper, O.X. (author), Wolter, S. (author), Diels, C. (author), Bos, J.E. (author)About two in three people have experienced carsickness at some point in their life (Reason & Brand, 1975). Little is known about current numbers of sufferers, cultural differences, or which modulating factors are being perceived as most relevant. Therefore, given a global increase of interest in carsickness driven by the development of automated...article 2020
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Whyte, K.F. (author), Russell, D.J.F. (author), Sparling, C.E. (author), Binnerts, B. (author), Hastie, G.D. (author)Understanding the potential effects of pile driving sounds on marine wildlife is essential for regulating offshore wind developments. Here, tracking data from 24 harbour seals were used to quantify effects and investigate sensitivity to the methods used to predict these. The Aquarius pile driving model was used to model source characteristics...article 2020
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Schmidt, E.A. (author), Kuiper, O.X. (author), Wolter, S. (author), Diels, C. (author), Bos, J.E. (author)About two in three people have experienced carsickness at some point in their life (Reason & Brand, 1975). Little is known about current numbers of sufferers, cultural differences, or which modulating factors are being perceived as most relevant. Therefore, given a global increase of interest in carsickness driven by the development of automated...article 2020
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Bijlsma, T. (author), Buriachevskyi, A. (author), Frigerio, A. (author), Fu, Y. (author), Goossens, K. (author), Ors, A.O. (author), Van Der Perk, P.J. (author), Terechko, A. (author), Vermeulen, B. (author)Autonomous vehicles use cyber-physical systems to provide comfort and safety to passengers. Design of safety mechanisms for such systems is hindered by the growing quantity and complexity of SoCs (System-on-a-Chip) and software stacks required for autonomous operation. Our study tackles two challenges: (1) fault handling in an autonomous driving...conference paper 2020
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Kuiper, O.X. (author), Bos, J.E. (author), Diels, C. (author), Schmidt, E.A. (author)Being able to anticipate upcoming motion is known to potentially mitigate sickness resulting from provocative motion. We investigated whether auditory cues could increase anticipation and subsequently reduce motion sickness. Participants (N = 20) were exposed on a sled on a rail track to two 15-min conditions. Both were identical in terms of...article 2020
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Müller, R.A.J. (author), von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Halvorsen, M.B. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author)Regulations for underwater anthropogenic noise are typically formulated in terms of peak sound pressure, root-mean-square sound pressure, and (weighted or unweighted) sound exposure. Sound effect studies on humans and other terrestrial mammals suggest that in addition to these metrics, the impulsiveness of sound (often quantified by its kurtosis...article 2020