Searched for: subject%3A%22diarrhea%22
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Patel, N. (author), Adelman, D.C. (author), Anagnostou, K. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Campbell, D.E. (author), Chinthrajah, R.S. (author), Mills, E.N.C. (author), Javed, B. (author), Purington, N. (author), Remington, B.C. (author), Sampson, H.A. (author), Smith, A.D. (author), Yarham, R.A.R. (author), Turner, P.J. (author)
Background Eliciting doses (EDs) (eg, ED01 or ED05 values, which are the amounts of allergen expected to cause objective symptoms in 1% and 5% of the population with an allergy, respectively) are increasingly being used to inform allergen labeling and clinical management. These values are generated from food challenge, but the frequency of...
article 2021
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Agamennone, V. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Rijkers, G. (author), Kort, R. (author)
BACKGROUND Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a side-effect frequently associated with the use of broad spectrum antibiotics. Although a number of clinical studies show that co-administration of specific probiotics reduces the risk for AAD, there is still unclarity among healthcare professionals on the recommendation of probiotic products....
article 2019
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Agamennone, V. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Rijkers, G. (author), Kort, R. (author)
Background Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a side-effect frequently associated with the use of broad spectrum antibiotics. Although a number of clinical studies show that co-administration of specific probiotics reduces the risk for AAD, there is still unclarity among healthcare professionals on the recommendation of probiotic products....
article 2018
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Ladirat, S.E. (author), Schoterman, M.H.C. (author), Rahaoui, H. (author), Mars, M. (author), Schuren, F.H.J. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), Nauta, A. (author), Schols, H.A. (author)
In the present double-blind, randomised, parallel intervention study, the effects of the intake of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on the gut microbiota of twelve healthy adult subjects (aged 18-45 years with a normal BMI (18-25 kg/m2)) receiving amoxicillin (AMX) treatment were determined. All the subjects were treated with AMX (375 mg; three...
article 2014
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Dambacher, W.M. (author), de Kort, E.H.M. (author), Blom, W.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), de Vries, E. (author)
Background: Children with cow's milk allergy (CMA) need a cow's milk protein (CMP) free diet to prevent allergic reactions. For this, reliable allergy-information on the label of food products is essential to avoid products containing the allergen. On the other hand, both overzealous labeling and misdiagnosis that result in unnecessary...
article 2013
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Monachese, M. (author), Cunningham-Rundles, S. (author), Diaz, M.A. (author), Guerrant, R. (author), Hummelen, R. (author), Kemperman, R. (author), Kerac, M. (author), Kort, R. (author), Merenstein, D. (author), Panigrahi, P. (author), Ramakrishna, B. (author), Safdar, N. (author), Shane, A. (author), Trois, L. (author), Reid, G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)
Infectious disease in the developing world continues to represent one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Every year over a million children suffer and die from the sequela of enteric infections, and in 2008 was estimated almost 2.7 million (UNAIDS 2009 update) adults and children became infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)....
article 2011
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He, T. (author), Venema, K. (author), Priebe, M.G. (author), Welling, G.W. (author), Brummer, R.J.M. (author), Vonk, R.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), KvL (author)
Lactose maldigestion and intolerance affect a large part of the world population. The underlying factors of lactose intolerance are not fully understood. In this review, the role of colonic metabolism is discussed, i.e. fermentation of lactose by the colonic microbiota, colonic processing of the fermentation metabolites and how these processes...
article 2008
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Cawello, W. (author), Wolff, H.M. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Horstmann, R. (author), Braun, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
Background and objective: The dopamine agonist rotigotine has been formulated in a silicone-based transdermal system for once-daily administration. The objective of the present study was to characterise the mass balance of rotigotine in humans after administration of a single transdermal patch containing radiolabelled [14C]rotigotine and to...
article 2007
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Pant, N. (author), Hultberg, A. (author), Zhao, Y. (author), Svensson, L. (author), Pan-Hammarström, Q. (author), Johansen, K. (author), Pouwels, P.H. (author), Ruggeri, F.M. (author), Hermans, P. (author), Frenken, L. (author), Borén, T. (author), Marcotte, H. (author), Hammarström, L. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)
Background. Rotavirus-induced diarrhea poses a worldwide medical problem in causing substantial morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. We therefore developed a system for passive immunotherapy in which recombinant lactobacilli constitutively express neutralizing variable domain of llama heavy-chain (VHH) antibody...
article 2006
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Pasman, W. (author), Wils, D. (author), Saniez, M.H. (author), Kardinaal, A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven TNO Voeding (author)
Objective: To determine the gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance of NUTRIOSE®FB in men. Design: A randomized, placebo-contro lled, parallel, double-blind study. Setting: The metabolic ward of TNO Quality of Life. Subjects: Forty-eight subjects started the study: 16 men participated in one of the three treatments. Subjects consumed either 22.5 g of...
article 2006
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van den Akker-van Marle, M.E. (author), Gurwitz, D. (author), Detmar, S.B. (author), Enzing, C.M. (author), Hopkins, M.M. (author), Gutierrez De Mesa, E. (author), Ibarreta, D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
Only a few studies have addressed the cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenetics interventions in healthcare. Lack of health economics data on aspects of pharmacogenetics is perceived as one of the barriers hindering its implementation for improving drug safety. Thus, a recent Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS) study, entitled ...
article 2006
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)
The toxicity of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), a cyclic polymer of six α-1,4-linked glucopyranosyl units with potential applications as a food ingredient, more specifically a water-soluble dietary fiber, was examined in a 4-week range finding study and a 13-week oral toxicity study in rats. In the 4-week study, the test substance was administered to...
article 2004
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)
The oral toxicity of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) was examined in a 13-week feeding study in which groups of Beagle dogs received α-CD in the diet at concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10, or 20% (4dogs/sex/group). No treatment-related changes were noted in behavior or appearance of the dogs and no mortalities occurred. Diarrhea occurred in all α-CD...
article 2004
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Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), Smits-Van Prooije, A.E. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)
In a standard embryotoxicity/teratogenicity study, α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) was administered to groups of sixteen, artificially inseminated New Zealand White rabbits at dietary concentrations of 0, 5, 10, or 20%. An additional group received a diet containing 20% lactose. Treatment started on day 0 of gestation and ended on day 29 when the animals...
article 2004
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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Wils, D. (author), Pasman, W.J. (author), Bakker, M. (author), Saniez, M.-H. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)
Objective: To determine the tolerance of increasing dosages of an incompletely hydrolysed and/or incompletely absorbed food dextrin coming from wheat starch, NUTRIOSE®FB, at daily levels of 10 and 15 g up to 60 and 80 g, respectively. Design: A randomized, double-blind, multiple dose, placebo-controlled, combined crossover and parallel trial....
article 2004
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Til, H.P. (author), Bär, A. (author)
The oral toxicity of γ-cyclodextrin (γ- CD) was examined in a 13-week feeding study in which four groups of four male and four female Beagle dogs received γ-CD in the diet at concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10, or 20%. No treatment-related changes were noted in behavior or appearance of the dogs and no mortalities occurred. Transient diarrhea...
article 1998
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Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), Smits-van Prooije, A.E. (author), Bär, A. (author)
In a standard embryotoxicity/teratogenicity study, γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) was administered to groups of 16, artificially inseminated New Zealand White rabbits at dietary concentrations of 0, 5, 10, or 20%. A comparison group received a diet containing 20% lactose. Treatment started on day 0 of gestation and ended on day 29 when the animals were...
article 1998
document
Lina, B.A.R. (author), Bär, A. (author)
The toxicity of γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD), a cyclic polymer of eight α-1,4-linked glucopyranosyl units with potential applications as a food ingredient, was examined in a 2-week pilot study followed by a 13-week oral toxicity study in Wistar rats. In the 2-week study, the test substance was administered to groups of 5 male rats at dietary levels of...
article 1998
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Aardoom, H.A. (author), Hirasing, R.A. (author), Rona, R.J. (author), Sanavro, F.L. (author), van den Heuvel, E.W. (author), Leeuwenburg, J. (author)
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of food intolerance (FI) in Dutch 5- and 6-year-old children and its association with chronic ailments with a survey among parents by questionnaire. Based on parents' perception the prevalence of 'probable' FI was 3.8%. FI was associated with asthma, wheezing, eczema, hay fever, chronic rhinitis,...
article 1997
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Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), van Smits- Prooije, A.E. (author), Wijnands, M.V.M. (author), Bär, A. (author)
Erythritol was fed at dietary concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, or 10% to Crl:(WI) WU BR rats of both sexes through two successive generations (F0 and F1). Twenty-four rats of each sex were mated in each group. For each generation one litter was reared until the pups were 21 days old. In the 10% erythritol group, food consumption among F0-males and ...
article 1996
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