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Guicherit, R. (author), Bakker, D.J. (author), de Voogt, P. (author), van den Berg, F. (author), van Dijk, H.F.G. (author), van Pul, W.A.J. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)The Health Council of the Netherlands organised an international workshop on the fate of pesticides in the atmosphere and possible approaches for their regulatory environmental risk assessment. Approximately forty experts discussed what is currently known about the atmospheric fate of pesticides and major gaps in our understanding were...article 1999
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Lako, P. (author), d. Vries, H.J.M. (author)-report 1999
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Injuk, J. (author), van Grieken, R. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)The atmospheric input of up to 16 trace and other elements into the North Sea is further assessed from aerosol concentrations measured at a coastal station in Belgium, on ships during two cruises, and on a platform, in the years 1992 - 1994. The Slinn and Slinn model is used to calculate the dry deposition from the measured aerosol...article 1998
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Carvalho, N.J.M. (author), Huis in 't Veld, A.J. (author), de Hosson, J.T. (author), TNO Industrie (author)Titanium-nitrogen (TiN) films were Physical Vapour Deposited (PVD) on tool steel substrates with different hardness and surface roughness, in a Bai 640R unit using a triode ion plating (e-gun) with a high plasma density. The coated substrates were submitted to a rolling contact fatigue test technique (modified pin-on-ring test) to obtain some...article 1998
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Liss, P. (author), Grimalt, J.O. (author), Hov, O. (author), Johannessen, T. (author), Larsen, S.E. (author), Oost, W.A. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)Exchange of trace gases between the oceans and the atmosphere affects theconference paper 1998
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van Overmeeren, R.A. (author), Nederlands Instituut voor Toegepaste Geowetenschappen TNO (author)Since 1990, The Netherlands Institute of Applied Geoscience TNO has been carrying out ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements to assess the potential for imaging and characterising different hydrogeological targets in more than 30 pilot areas in The Netherlands. The experience gained by processing this large amount of radar data has enabled...article 1998
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- TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Draaijers, G.P.J. (author), Erisman, J.W. (author), Lövblad, G. (author), Spranger, T. (author), Vel, E. (author) report 1998
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Draaijers, G.P.J. (author), van Leeuwen, E.P. (author), de Jong, P.G.H. (author), Erisman, J.W. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)Deposition of base cations (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+) in Europe was mapped for 1989 with a spatial resolution of 10 x 20 km using the so-called inferential modeling technique. Deposition fields resembled the geographic variability of sources, land-use and climate. Dry deposition constituted on average 45% of the total base cation deposition in Europe...article 1997
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Walton, S. (author), Gallagher, M.W. (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)A 1D deposition model derived from work by Baldocchi, has been used to interpret the exchange of NO, NO2 and O3 measured over an orchard. Where possible, direct measurements from the orchard were used in favour of existing model parameterisations. The model incorporates NO(x)-O3 chemistry and an emission of NO at the air-soil interface. Model...article 1997
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Erisman, J.W. (author), Draaijers, G. (author), Duyzer, J. (author), Hofschreuder, P. (author), van Leeuwen, N. (author), Römer, F. (author), Ruijgrok, W. (author), Wyers, P. (author)This paper provides an introduction to a series of publications in this issue of Atmospheric Environment, all summarising the results of the 'Aerosol project'. The aim of this project was (i) to quantify the contribution of acidifying aerosols to the total acid input in nature areas, (ii) to determine the contribution of aerosol deposition and...article 1997
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Draaijers, G.P.J. (author), van Leeuwen, E.P. (author), de Jong, P.G.H. (author), Erisman, J.W. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)An assessment was made of the capacity of base cations to neutralize acid deposition and of the contribution of base cation deposition to forest nutrition in Europe. In large parts of southern Europe more than 50% of the potential acid deposition was found counteracted by deposition of non-sea salt Mg2+ + Ca2+ + K+. In central and northwestern...article 1997
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Instituut voor Milieuwetenschappen TNO (author), Wyers, G.P. (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author)Dry deposition fluxes of sulphate and nitrate have been determined over a coniferous canopy using the aerodynamic gradient technique. Vertical concentration gradients of sulphate and nitrate were measured with filters; the gradient of ammonium bisulphate was measured with thermodenuders. Filter measurements of sulphate yielded a deposition...article 1997
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Duyzer, J.H. (author), Weststrate, J.H. (author), Walton, S. (author), Instituut voor Milieuwetenschappen TNO (author)The deposition flux of O3 to a Douglas fir forest in the Netherlands was monitored by eddy correlation during nine months. At the same time the concentration gradients of NO, NO2 and O3 were determined over the forest. The canopy resistance to O3 uptake was calculated from the measurements ant it compared well with model estimates. The...conference paper 1995
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van Ree, J.H. (author), Gijbels, M.J.J. (author), van den Broek, W.J.A.A. (author), Hofker, M.H. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient mice were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 14 weeks. Mean serum cholesterol levels rose to 37.5 mM. Upon complete necroscopy, massive xanthomatous lesions were noticed in various tissues, with a predilection for subcutaneous and peritendinous tissues, while control animals on the same diet (3.4 mM serum...article 1995
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Larsen, S.E. (author), Edson, J.B. (author), Hummelshoj, P. (author), Jensen, N.O. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), Mestayer, P.G. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)Dry deposition of atmospheric particles mainly depends on wind speed and particle diameter. The dry deposition velocity, Vd, is found to vary by a factor of 100-1,000 with diameter in a likely diameter range, adding uncertainty to deposition estimates, because the diameter distribution for many particulate species is not well known. Experimental...article 1995
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Larsen, S.E. (author), Edson, J.B. (author), Hummelshoj, P. (author), Jensen, N.O. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), Mestayer, P.G. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)For dry deposition velocity of submicron particles, there exists in the scientific literature an ambiguity in that laboratory measurements largely support well established models, and yields quite small deposition velocities (e.g. Slinn, 1983), while some field data indicates larger deposition rates (Sievering, 1981 and Hicks et al, 1986). The...conference paper 1995
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TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Duyzer, J. (author), Fowler, D. (author)This review outlines current understanding of the exchange processes and methods used to estimate regional NOy deposition. Several methods have been used to measure dry deposition. Measurement artefacts such as non-stationarity caused by local sources, monitors responding to other gases than NO2 and the influence of photochemical reactions have...article 1994
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Hoofdgroep Maatschappelijke Technologie TNO (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), Verhagen, H.L.M. (author), Weststrate, J.H. (author), Bosveld, F.C. (author)The dry deposition flux of NH3 to coniferous forest was determined by the micrometeorological gradient method using a 36m high tower. Aerodynamic characteristics of the site were studied, using a second tower erected in the forest 100m from the first. Fluxes and gradients of heat and momentum measured on both towers indicated a fairly...article 1992
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Hoofdgroep maatschappelijke technologie TNO (author), Reinders, M.E. (author), Rappoldt, L.M. (author)Samenvattingen van alle TNOrapporten en publicaties op dit gebied tussen ca 1981 en 1985book 1985
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), van Essen, M.J. (author), Heynen, J.A.C. (author), van der Veen, A.H. (author), Vonkeman, G.H. (author)A portable gibbsite analyzer suited for field operation and intended for rapid determination of available alumina is described. The available alumina content is calculated from the relative weight loss caused by the dehydration of gibbsite. More than 100 samples of gibbsite-containing bauxites of different origin, were analyzed with this...article 1971