Similarities and discrepancies in subchondral bone structure in two differently induced canine models of osteoarthritis

In osteoarthritis (OA), cartilage degradation is accompanied by subchondral bone changes. The pathogenesis and physiology of bone changes in OA are still unclear. The changes in subchondral bone architecture and cartilage damage were compared in differently induced experimental models of OA. Experimental OA was induced bilaterally by anterior...

Serum and urinary biochemical markers for knee and hip-osteoarthritis: A systematic review applying the consensus BIPED criteria

Context: Molecules that are released into biological fluids during matrix metabolism of articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovial tissue could serve as biochemical markers of the process of osteoarthritis (OA). Unfortunately, actual breakthroughs in the biochemical OA marker field are limited so far. Objective: By reviewing the status...

Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides improve magnesium absorption in adolescent girls with a low calcium intake

Consumption of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) has been shown to improve mineral absorption in the short term, but no long-term effects were studied in girls with a low calcium intake. Therefore, we hypothesized that short- and long-term consumption of short-chain FOS (sc-FOS) improves calcium and magnesium absorption in girls with a low habitual...

Biochemical analysis of the articular cartilage and subchondral and trabecular bone of the metacarpophalangeal joint of horses with early osteoarthritis

Objective - To assess whether site-related changes in biochemical composition are present in the cartilage and subchondral and trabecular bone of the metacarpophalangeal joint of horses with early osteoarthritis. Sample population - Right metacarpophalangeal joints from 59 mature warmblood horses. Procedure - Biochemical data (cross-link, amino...

Urinary excretion of collagen degradation markers by sows during postpartum uterine involution

Incomplete uterine involution is the putative cause of the increased embryo mortality and reproductive failure often exhibited by sows that lactate for less than 21 days. Since such short lactation lengths are common in American swine production, an effective technique to monitor the postpartum involution process and test this hypothesis might...

Trabecular microfracture and the influence of pyridinium and non-enzymatic glycation-mediated collagen cross-links

The propensity of individual trabeculae to fracture (microfracture) may be important clinically since it could be indicative of bone fragility. Whether or not an overloaded trabecula fractures is determined in part by its structural ductility, a mechanical property that describes how much deformation a trabecula can sustain. The overall goal of...

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Bruck syndrome (Osteogenesis imperfecta with contractures of the large joints) caused by a recessive mutation in PLOD2

Bruck syndrome (BS) is a recessively-inherited phenotypic disorder featuring the unusual combination of skeletal changes resembling osteogenesis imperfects (OI) with congenital contractures of the large joints. Clinical heterogeneity is apparent in cases reported thus far. While the genes coding for collagen 1 chains are unaffected in BS, there...

Extracellular matrix changes in early osteochondrotic defects in foals: A key role for collagen?

Osteochondrosis (OC) is the most important developmental orthopaedic disease in the horse. Despite some decades of research, much of the pathogenesis of the disorder remains obscure. Increasing knowledge of articular cartilage development in juvenile animals led to the presumption that the role of collagen in OC might be more important than...

Investigating the role of natural phyto-oestrogens on bone health in postmenopausal women

Research on the bone effects of natural phyto-oestrogens after menopause is at a relatively early stage. Published studies are few, difficult to compare and often inconclusive, due in part to design weaknesses. Currently, many questions remain to be answered including to what extent a safe daily intake may prevent postmenopausal bone loss. These...

A comparative analysis of bone and cartilage metabolism in two strains of guinea-pig with varying degrees of naturally occurring osteoarthritis

Objective: To evaluate the interaction of bone and cartilage in knee osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis in two guinea-pig strains with appreciable differences in bone metabolism. Design: Two guinea-pig strains were evaluated for their susceptibilities to OA using semi-quantitative histological grading of knee joints and quantification of...

Biochemical development of subchondral bone from birth until age eleven months and the influence of physical activity

Subchondral bone provides structural support to the overlying articular cartilage, and plays an important role in osteochondral diseases. There is growing insight that the mechanical features of bone are related to the biochemistry of the collagen network and the mineral content. In the present study, part of the normal developmental process and...

Lack of effect of doxycycline on disease activity and joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A double blind, placebo controlled trial

Objective. To investigate the effects of doxycycline on disease activity and joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. A 36 week double blind, placebo controlled crossover trial was conducted. Patients (n = 66) received 50 mg doxycycline or placebo twice a day during 12, 24, or 36 weeks. Patient assessments were...

Bone turnover, joint damage and bone mineral density in early rheumatoid arthritis treated with combination therapy including high-dose prednisolone

Objectives. Exploration of bone metabolism changes at different levels of disease activity, both with and without oral corticosteroid therapy, and prediction of changes in joint damage and bone density from the observed changes in markers of bone turnover. Methods. Data analysis from a randomized clinical trial with 155 rheumatoid arthritis (RA)...

Pyridinium cross-links in bone of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta: Evidence of a normal intrafibrillar collagen packing

The brittleness of bone in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) has been attributed to an aberrant collagen network. However, the role of collagen in the loss of tissue integrity has not been well established. To gain an insight into the biochemistry and structure of the collagen network, the cross-links hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) and...

Collagen structure regulates fibril mineralization in osteogenesis as revealed by cross-link patterns in calcifying callus

Although >80% of the mineral in mammalian bone is present in the collagen fibrils, limited information is available about factors that determine a proper deposition of mineral. This study investigates whether a specific collagen matrix is required for fibril mineralization. Calcifying callus from dog tibias was obtained at various times (3-21...

Tranexamic acid, an inhibitor of plasminogen activation, reduces urinary collagen cross-link excretion in both experimental and rheumatoid arthritis

The plasminogen activation system is one of the enzyme systems held responsible for bone and cartilage degradation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we evaluated the effect of tranexamic acid (TEA), an inhibitor of plasminogen activation, on urinary collagen cross-link excretion and radiological joint damage in rat adjuvant arthritis ...

Ageing and zonal variation in post-translational modification of collagen in normal human articular cartilage: The age-related increase in Non-Enzymatic Glycation affects biomechanical properties of cartilage

A biomechanical failure of the collagen network is postulated in many hypotheses of the development of osteoarthritis with advancing age. Here we investigate the accumulation of non-enzymatic glycation (NEG) products in healthy human articular cartilage, its relation to tissue remodelling and its role in tissue stiffening. Pentosidine levels...

Collagen-induced arthritis in rhesus monkeys: Evaluation of markers for inflammation and joint degradation

The objective of this study was to analyse parameters in rhesus monkey collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) with which the inflammation and destruction of the joints can be described in quantitative terms. CIA was induced in genetically susceptible and resistant monkeys, which can be distinguished on the basis of the dominant resistance marker Mamu...