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Groten, J.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Drinking water can be considered as a complex mixture that consists of tens, hundreds or thousands of chemicals of which the composition is qualitatively and quantitatively not fully known. From a public health point of view it is most relevant to answer the question of whether chemicals in drinking water interact in a way that results in an...article 2000
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- Notermans, S. (author), Rombouts, F. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author) article 2000
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van Poppel, G. (author), Verhoeven, D.T.H. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)This paper first gives an overview of the epidemiological data concerning the cancer-preventive effect of brassica vegetables, including cabbages, kale, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cauliflower. A protective effect of brassicas against cancer may be plausible due to their relatively high content of glucosinolates. Certain hydrolysis products...article 2000
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Krasevec, N. (author), van de Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Komel, R. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A gene-fusion expression strategy was applied for heterologous expression of human lymphotoxin alpha (LTα) in the Aspergillus niger AB1.13 protease-deficient strain. The LTα gene was fused with the A. niger glucoamylase GII-form as a carrier-gene, behind its transcription control and secretion signals. Special attention was paid to the influence...article 2000
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Visser, J.T.J. (author), de Kloet, E. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)It is increasingly recognized that glucocortiocoids (GCs) can have subtle modulatory effects in immunoregulation rather than having generalized immunosuppressive effects. GCs suppress Th1 cells and cellular immunity, but may favor Th2 responses and humoral immunity. The chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) appears to be associated with a disturbed HPA...article 2000
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Holtman, W.L. (author), Roberts, M.R. (author), Wang, M. (author)Recently, we have demonstrated by two different methods that lipoxgenases (LOXs) and 14-3-3 proteins form interactions in barley embryos [Holtman, Roberts, Oppedijk, Testerink, van Zeijl and Wang (2000) FEBS Lett. 474, 48-52]. It was shown by both co-immunoprecipitations and surface-plasmon resonance experiments that 13-LOX, but not 9-LOX, forms...article 2000
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Dutreux, N. (author), Notermans, S. (author), Góngora-Nieto, M.M. (author), Barbosa-Cánovas, G.V. (author), Swanson, B.G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Death and injury following exposure of Micrococcus luteus to nisin and pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment were investigated in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8, σ = 4.8 ms/cm at 20°C). Four types of experiment were carried out, a single treatment with nisin (100 IU/ml at 20°C for 2 h), a single PEF treatment, a PEF treatment followed by incubation...article 2000
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TNO Voeding (author), Renkema, J.M.S. (author), Lakemond, C.M.M. (author), de Jongh, H.H.J. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), van Vliet, T. (author)This study is focussed on the influence of pH on the gel forming properties of soy protein isolate and purified glycinin in relation to denaturation and aggregation. At pH 7.6 more fine-stranded gels were formed characterised by low G' values, and a smooth, slightly turbid appearance, whereas at pH 3.8 coarse gels were obtained with a high...article 2000
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Mol, H.G.J. (author), Sunarto, S. (author), Steijger, O.M. (author)The combined gas chromatographic determination of a number of hydroxyl-group containing endocrine disruptors, including 4-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, 4-tert.-butylbenzoic acid, bisphenol-A, 17?-estradiol and 17?-ethynylestradiol, was investigated. Derivatization, required for sensitive determination of...article 2000
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Kuper, C.F. (author), Schuurman, H.J. (author), Bos-Kuijpers, M. (author), Bloksma, N. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The term autoimmunity refers to physiologically normal immune processes against self-antigens. In rare cases, the regulatory mechanisms become deflective and the uncontrolled production of autoantibodies or activation of autoreactive T-cells can subsequently cause disease. Substances may be capable of evoking autoimmune disease, and it is a...article 2000
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Anderson, D. (author), Phillips, B.J. (author), Yu, T-W. (author), Edwards, A.J. (author), Ayesh, R. (author), Butterworth, K.R. (author)Twenty-four men and 24 women, all nonsmoking, and maintaining normal dietary habits were assigned to 3 groups of 16. Each group comprising 4 males with "low" cholesterol levels (<6 mmol/L) matched for age and build with 4 males with "high" cholesterol levels (>6 mmol/L) and 8 similarly matched females. A three-treatment, three-treatment period,...article 2000
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van Hemmen, J.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In a project granted by DG XI of the European Commission, it is attempted to collate experimental and theoretical data on human (workers and consumers) exposure assessment to biocidal products, and to outline the methodology for sampling and measurement. On the basis of the available evidence, approaches are presented for the exposure assessment...article 1999
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van den Berg, H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In spite of an on average adequate dietary nutrient intake and status in most European countries, for some micronutrients (e.g. folate, vitamin D, B2, B6, B12 (in elderly), iron and iodine) subgroups have been identified which may be at risk and may benefit from a higher intake, especially elderly and (pregnant) women. In this paper the...article 1999
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Beekman, B. (author), Drijfhout, J.W. (author), Ronday, H.K. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)Elevated MMP activities are implicated in tissue degradation in, e.g., arthritis and cancer. The present study was designed to measure MMP enzyme activity in plasma. Free active MMP is unlikely to be present in plasma: upon entering the circulation, active MMP is expected to be captured by the proteinase inhibitor α2-macroglobulin (α2M)....article 1999
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Mol, H.G.J. (author), van Dam, R.C.J. (author), Vreeken, R.J. (author), Steijger, O.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A straightforward and efficient method was developed for the determination of intact daminozide in apples and apple leaves. After extraction with methanol and a clean-up step using a graphitized carbon cartridge, the extract was analysed by ion-trap liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) using atmospheric pressure chemical...article 1999
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Löwik, M.R.H. (author), Hulshof, K.F.A.M. (author), Brussaard, J.H. (author), Kistemaker, C. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Food chemical risk management needs, among other things, assessment of exposure. For dietary intake food consumption surveys are the data source to be used. One complicating factor in the usage of these data is the dependence of dietary intake estimates on the time frame of assessment. Central to this time dependence is the within-subject...article 1999
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- Balls, M. (author), Berg, N. (author), Bruner, L.H. (author), Curren, R.D. (author), de Silva, O. (author), Earl, L.K. (author), Esdaile, D.J. (author), Fentem, J.H. (author), Liebsch, M. (author), Ohno, Y. (author), Prinsen, M.K. (author), Spielmann, H. (author), Worth, A.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author) article 1999
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Participation of β-adrenergic receptors on macrophages in modulation of LPS-induced cytokine releaseIzeboud, C.A. (author), Mocking, J.A.J. (author), Monshouwer, M. (author), van Miert, A.S.J.P.A.M. (author), Witkamp, R.F. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)For several years it is known that β-adrenergic receptor agonists have anti-inflammatory effects. However, little is known about the role of β- adrenergic receptors on macrophages in the modulation of cytokine production by β-agonists during inflammation. In this study, the presence of β- receptors on PMA-differentiated U937 human macrophages,...article 1999
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Löwik, M.R.H. (author), Hulshof, K.F.A.M. (author), Brussaard, J.H. (author)Recently, the concept of food-based dietary guidelines has been introduced by WHO and FAO. For this concept, several assumptions were necessary. The validity and potential consequences of some of these assumptions are discussed in this paper on the basis of the Dutch National Food Consumption Surveys. The topics were interrelationships among...article 1999
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Löwik, M.R.H. (author), Hulshof, K.F.A.M. (author), Brussaard, J.H. (author)Dietary intake characteristics were studied among 3833 adults of the second Dutch National Food Consumption Survey held in 1992. The subjects were classified into three groups based on their intake of total fat (% energy), saturated fatty acids (% energy), dietary fibre (g/MJ), and fruit and vegetables (g/d). All the classifications resulted in...article 1999