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van der Heijden, A.E.D.M. (author), Bouma, R.H.B. (author)In this paper, a selection of the results obtained on the crystallization of the energetic materials RDX, HMX, and CL-20 will be briefly reported. Furthermore, the shock sensitivity of these explosives, when incorporated in a so-called plastic bonded explosive (PBX), will be discussed in more detail. One of the most important results is a direct...article 2004
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Artola-Garicano, E. (author), Sinnige, T.L. (author), van Holsteijn, I. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), Hermens, J.L.M. (author)In the current study, the bioconcentration behavior and acute toxicity of two polycyclic musks, Tonalide® 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6,-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4,-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN) and Galaxolide® 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexa-methyl-cyclopenta[γ]-2- benzopyran (HHCB), were studied in two benthic organisms. Polycyclic musks are frequently...article 2003
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van Mispelaar, V.G. (author), Tas, A.C. (author), Smilde, A.K. (author), Schoenmakers, P.J. (author), van Asten, A.C. (author)Quantitative analysis using comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography (GC) is still rarely reported. This is largely due to a lack of suitable software. The objective of the present study is to generate quantitative results from a large GC x GC data set, consisting of 32 chromatograms. In this data set, six target components need to...article 2003
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Blankvoort, B.M.G. (author), Aarts, J.M.M.J.G. (author), Schilt, R. (author), Geerdink, P. (author), Spenkelink, B. (author), Rodenburg, R.J.T. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Despite a ban by the European Union, the use of anabolic steroids and repartitioning agents in cattle is still occasionally observed. Due to continuing improvements in analytical techniques, very low detection limits for individual compounds have been achieved. In response to these developments, cocktails composed of several steroids have been...article 2003
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Kralj, S. (author), Geel van - Schutten, G.H. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author)Limited information is available about homopolysaccharide synthesis in the genus Lactobacillus. Using efficient screening techniques, extracellular glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme activity, resulting in α-glucan synthesis from sucrose, was detected in various lactobacilli. PCR with degenerate primers based on homologous boxes of known...article 2003
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Guelen, I. (author), Westerhof, B.E. (author), van der Sar, G.L. (author), van Montfrans, G.A. (author), Kiemeneij, F. (author), Wesseling, K.H. (author), Bos, W.J.W. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Objective: To evaluate three methods aimed at the reconstruction of brachial pressure from non-invasive finger arterial pressure measurements as implemented in the Finometer™, (FMS, Finapres Measurement Systems, Arnhem, Netherlands), the successor to the Finapres™ (TNO Siomedical Instrumentation, Amsterdam, Netherlands). Methods: Finger arterial...article 2003
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de Klerk, W.P.C. (author), Boers, M.N. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)Stability research on gun propellants has been widely performed by microcalorimetry since the 1980s. TNO Prins Maurits Laboratory has already a broad experience since the early 1970s. In the past many studies were performed, to investigate the influence of oxygen, humidity etc. Less attention was paid to two other important aspects, namely the...article 2003
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Emmen, H.H. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), Prinsen, M.K. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The objective of this study was to establish the possible occurrence of eye irritation and subjective symptoms in human volunteers exposed to propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) vapour at concentrations of 0, 100 and 150 ppm. Testing was conducted in 12 healthy male volunteers using a repeated measures design. Each subject was exposed for 2...article 2003
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Olthof, M.R. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Boelsma, E. (author), Verhoef, P. (author)High plasma homocysteine is a risk for cardiovascular disease and can be lowered through supplementation with 6 g/d of betaine. However, dietary intake of betaine is ∼0.5-2 g/d. Therefore, we investigated whether betaine supplementation in the range of dietary intake lowers plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy adults. Four groups of 19...article 2003
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Mol, H.G.J. (author), van Dam, R.C.J. (author), Steijger, O.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A method based on liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS was developed for sensitive determination of a number of less gas chromatography (GC)-amenable organophosphorus pesticides (OPs; acephate, methamidophos, monocrotophos, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl and vamidothion) in cabbage and grapes. For extraction, several solvents were...article 2003
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Arts, J.H.E. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Although a number of test protocols have been developed to predict respiratory allergenic potential, none of these are widely applied or fully accepted. However, given the serious health problems caused by respiratory allergy and the ever-increasing stream of new chemicals into workplaces, early identification of chemical respiratory allergens...article 2003
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Bos, M.A. (author), Dunnewind, B. (author), van Vliet, T. (author)Interfacial rheological properties and their suitability for foam production and stability of two vegetable proteins were studied and compared to β-casein. Proteins used ranged from flexible to rigid/globular in the order of β-casein, gliadin and soy glycinin. Experiments were performed at pH 6.7. Network forming properties were characterised by...article 2003
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Kuper, C.F. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The mucosal membranes form a weak mechanical barrier, but they are provided with an extensive specific and non-specific defence system. Antigenic stimulation of the mucosal immune system of the oronasal passages induces specific, local immune responses, and activates immune components of mucosae elsewhere as well as the systemic immune system....article 2003
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TNO Voeding (author), Eggen, R.I.L. (author), Bengtsson, B.E. (author), Bowmer, C.T. (author), Gerritsen, A.A.M. (author), Gibert, M. (author), Hylland, K. (author), Johnson, A.C. (author), Leonards, P. (author), Nakari, T. (author), Norrgren, L. (author), Sumpter, J.P. (author), Suter, M.J.F. (author), Svenson, A. (author), Pickering, A.D. (author)Between January 1999 and December 2001, the European Community project COMPREHEND was performed. The overall aim of COMPREHEND was to assess endocrine disruption in the aquatic environment in Europe, consequent to effluent discharge, with emphasis on estrogenic activity. COMPREHEND demonstrated the widespread occurrence of estrogenic effluents...article 2003
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te Biesebeke, R. (author), Ruijter, G. (author), Rahardjo, Y.S.P. (author), Hoogschagen, M.J. (author), Heerikhuisen, M. (author), Levin, A. (author), van Driel, K.G.A. (author), Schutyser, M.A.I. (author), Dijksterhuis, J. (author), Zhu, Y. (author), Weber, F.J. (author), de Vos, W.M. (author), van den Hondel, K.A.M.J.J. (author), Rinzema, A. (author), Punt, P.J. (author)We report the progress of a multi-disciplinary research project on solid-state fermentation (SSF) of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae. The molecular and physiological aspects of the fungus in submerged fermentation (SmF) and SSF are compared and we observe a number of differences correlated with the different growth conditions. First,...article 2002
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Poelmans, S. (author), de Wasch, K. (author), de Brabander, H.F. (author), van de Wiele, M. (author), Courtheyn, D. (author), van Ginkel, L.A. (author), Sterk, S.S. (author), Delahaut, Ph. (author), Dubois, M. (author), Schilt, R. (author), Nielen, M. (author), Vercammen, J. (author), Impens, S. (author), Stephany, R. (author), Hamoir, T. (author), Pottie, G. (author), van Poucke, C. (author), van Peteghem, C. (author)In sports doping, as well in man as in horseracing, stanozolol (Stan) was abused and became the subject of metabolism research. Also in veterinary practice, stanozolol became an important misused anabolic steroid. Like most other anabolic steroids, stanozolol has poor gas chromatographic behavior. It is difficult to detect in urine, because of...article 2002
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Banta, H.D. (author), Hatziandreu, E. (author), Dauben, H.P. (author), Førde, O.H. (author), Loud, M.L. (author), Isacsson, S.O. (author), Paccaud, F. (author), Sanchez, E. (author), Steiger, T.S. (author)The aim of Working Group 1 has been to assess health promotion and disease prevention activities in terms of benefits, risks, and economic, social, and ethical implications as a complement to community health indicators. Objectives: The objectives delineated for Working Group 1 were: 1) to analyze current initiatives to assess health promotion...article 2002
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Anderson, D. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO BIBRA (author)Butadiene (BD) and its 2-methyl analogue, isoprene, have been extensively studied in animals and BD in population studies. Both chemicals are metabolised by liver cytochrome P450 dependent monogenases to monoepoxide and diepoxide intermediates. The diepoxide intermediates of both compounds were mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium. However,...article 2001
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Soffers, A.E.M.F. (author), Boersma, M.G. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), Vervoort, J. (author), Tyrakowska, B. (author), Hermens, J.L.M. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)Over the past decades the description of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) has been undertaken in order to find predictive models and/or mechanistic explanations for chemical as well as biological activities. This includes QSAR studies in toxicology. In an approach beyond the classical QSAR approaches, attempts have been made...article 2001
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Sierksma, A. (author), van der Gaag, M.S. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)In a diet-controlled, crossover trial with 10 middle-aged men and 9 postmenopausal women, baseline concentrations of fibrinogen influenced the magnitude of decrease of fibrinogen after moderate alcohol consumption. The mechanism of reduction is specific for fibrinogen and unrelated to a reduction in C-reactive protein.conference paper 2001