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van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Botterweck, A.A.M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)Objective: Many case-control studies have reported that salt and cured meat intake are positively, and refrigerator use is inversely, associated with stomach cancer risk. In the current prospective study these associations were evaluated. Methods: The Netherlands Cohort Study consisted of 120,852 men and women ages 55-69 years at baseline in...article 2003
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Vos, J. (author), Geurtsen, F.W.M. (author)As an alternative to the A-weighted sound exposure level (ASEL) Schomer et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 2390-2397 (2001)] used the equal-loudness level contours as a dynamic filter to determine the loudness-level-weighted sound exposure level (LLSEL). From their analyses they concluded that the LLSEL better orders and assesses traffic and...article 2003
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van der Heijden, P.G.M. (author), van Buuren, S. (author), Fekkes, M. (author), Radder, J. (author), Verrips, E. (author)The sub-scales of the SF-36 in the Dutch National Study are investigated with respect to unidimensionality and reliability. It is argued that these properties deserve separate treatment. For unidimensionality we use a non-parametric model from item response theory, called the Mokken scaling model, and compute the corresponding scalability...article 2003
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Hoeijmakers, M. (author), Janszen, B. (author), Coert, A. (author), Horspool, L. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of oestriol in plasma in the dog after repeated oral administration of oestriol tablets, a preparation intended for the treatment of urinary incontinence in the bitch. The study was performed in six healthy, entire, adult female beagle dogs. The bitches were treated once daily...article 2003
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Auffarth, J. (author), van Hemmen, J.J. (author), Hebisch, R. (author), Lechtenberg-Auffarth, E. (author), Marquart, J. (author), Oppl, R. (author), Rajan, B. (author), Wriedt, H. (author)Reducing dermal exposure to chemicals is a challenging task for occupational safety and health. In the European RISKOFDERM project 15 institutes in ten member states gather dermal exposure information and measurement data in relation to various tasks. First results are available. Based on this information i) a predictive model for estimating...article 2003
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Verkerke, G.J. (author), Lemmink, K.A.P.M. (author), Slagers, A.J. (author), Westhoff, M.H. (author), van Riet, G.A.J. (author), Rakhorst, G. (author)The mechanical performance, repeatability and comfort of the Quadrisotester, which assesses isometric knee extensor muscle strength, were examined. Twenty healthy subjects and 20 patients treated for unilateral anterior ligamenta cruciata insufficiency were tested. Intra-rater repeatability was determined by the testing and retesting of subjects...article 2003
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Hoogendoorn, W.E. (author), Bongers, P.M. (author), de Vet, H.C.W. (author), Twisk, J.W.R. (author), van Mechelen, W. (author), Bouter, L.M. (author), TNO Arbeid (author)Aims: To compare the results of a traditional approach using standard regression for the analysis of data from a prospective cohort study with the results of generalised estimating equations (GEE) analysis. Methods: The research was part of a three year prospective cohort study on work related risk factors for low back pain. The study population...article 2002
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Snellen, M. (author), van Lier, L.J. (author), Rops, C. (author), Janssens, M.H.A. (author), van Heck, J. (author), Strumolo, G.S. (author)Due to the successes in reducing motor and tire noise as perceived inside cars and trucks, aerodynamically generated noise becomes more and more important. Some time ago the study of aero-acoustics in and around these vehicles was mainly done by wind tunnel test. Nowadays, computational methods become available that allow for numerical...conference paper 2002
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van Buuren, S. (author), Hopman-Rock, M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)The Severity of Disabilities Scale (SDS) of the ICIDH reflects the degree to which an individual's ability to perform a certain activity is restricted. This paper describes the application of two models from item response theory (IRT), the graded response model and the partial credit model, in order to derive a tentative proposal for a revised...article 2001
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Miedema, H.M.E. (author), Oudshoorn, C.G.M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)We present a model of the distribution of noise annoyance with the mean varying as a function of the noise exposure. Day-night level (DNL) and day-evening-night level (DENL) were used as noise descriptors. Because the entire annoyace distribution has been modeled, any annoyance measure that summarizes this distribution can be calculated from the...article 2001
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Verhoeff, F.H. (author), Brabin, B.J. (author), van Buuren, S. (author), Chimsuku, L. (author), Kazembe, P. (author), Wit, J.M. (author), Broadhead, R.L. (author)Objective: (1) To describe the sex-specific, birth weight distribution by gestational age of babies born in a malaria endemic, rural area with high maternal HIV prevalence; (2) to assess the contribution of maternal health, nutritional status and obstetric history on intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) and prematurity. Methods: Information...article 2001
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Soffers, A.E.M.F. (author), Boersma, M.G. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), Vervoort, J. (author), Tyrakowska, B. (author), Hermens, J.L.M. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)Over the past decades the description of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) has been undertaken in order to find predictive models and/or mechanistic explanations for chemical as well as biological activities. This includes QSAR studies in toxicology. In an approach beyond the classical QSAR approaches, attempts have been made...article 2001
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Chorus, A.M.J. (author), Miedema, H.S. (author), Wevers, C.W.J. (author), van der Linden, S. (author)Objective - To assess separate and combined effects of work factors and behavioural coping in relation to withdrawal from the labour force among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods - A cross sectional study was conducted in a Dutch nationwide random sample of 720 patients with RA. Information about work factors and behavioural...article 2001
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Cappaert, N.L.M. (author), Klis, S.F.L. (author), Baretta, A.B. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Smoorenburg, G.F. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Rats were exposed to ethyl benzene at 0, 300, 400 and 550 ppm for 8 hours/day for 5 consecutive days. Three to six weeks after the exposure, auditory function was tested by measuring compound action potentials (CAP) in the frequency range of 1-24 kHz and 2f1-f2 distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in the frequency range of 4-22.6...article 2000
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Miedema, H.M.E. (author), Walpot, J.I. (author), Vos, H. (author), Steunenberg, C.F. (author)Existing data from field surveys have been reanalysed in order to establish relationships between odour annoyance and odour exposure concentrations caused by (bio) industrial odours in a community. The percentage of highly annoyed persons (%HA) was found to have a simple relationship with the logarithm of the 98 percentile of the odour exposure...article 2000
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Verbruggen, E.M.J. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), J.L.M. Parkerton, Hermens, (author)The acute toxicity of narcotic organic chemical mixtures is related to the total molar concentration within organisms. In this study, the use of polyacrylate SPME fibers is investigated for the purpose of biomimetic extractions, a procedure used to simulate bioconcentration and to estimate total concentrations in aquatic organisms. Experimental...article 2000
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van Dril, A.W.N. (author), Kiesewetter, J. (author)-other 2000
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Ybema, J.R. (author), Nieuwenhout, F.D.J. (author), Cloin, J. (author), Hunt, A.C. (author), Kaufman, S.L. (author)Opportunities to streamline the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) processfor solar home systems are outlined. A streamlined CDM process would require standardised calculation of greenhouse gas emission reduction. The present report gives an overview of CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction figures from 8 solar home system...report 2000
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Beeldman, M. (author), van de. Wijngaart, R. (author)-report 2000
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Koopmans, B.T. (author)-report 2000