A Two-Dimensional Explanation Framework to Classify AI as Incomprehensible, Interpretable, or Understandable

Because of recent and rapid developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI), humans and AI-systems increasingly work together in human-agent teams. However, in order to effectively leverage the capabilities of both, AI-systems need to be understandable to their human teammates. The branch of eXplainable AI (XAI) aspires to make AI-systems more...

Interpretable confidence measures for decision support systems

Decision support systems (DSS) have improved significantly but are more complex due to recent advances in Artificial Intelligence. Current XAI methods generate explanations on model behaviour to facilitate a user's understanding, which incites trust in the DSS. However, little focus has been on the development of methods that establish and...

A tool to quickly increase knowledge for effective coordination in crises

In complex crises, coordination between organizations is challenging. Knowledge needed to coordinate, like responsibilities, capabilities and interdependencies between tasks are often not known or not communicated systematically. As a result, coordination develops gradually and causes confusion. In this paper we describe an approach and tool...

Application of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept to structure the available in vivo and in vitro mechanistic data for allergic sensitization to food proteins

Background: The introduction of whole new foods in a population may lead to sensitization and food allergy. This constitutes a potential public health problem and a challenge to risk assessors and managers as the existing understanding of the pathophysiological processes and the currently available biological tools for prediction of the risk for...

Long-term behavior understanding based on the expert-based combination of short-term observations in high-resolution CCTV

The bottleneck in situation awareness is no longer in the sensing domain but rather in the data interpretation domain, since the number of sensors is rapidly increasing and it is not affordable to increase human data-analysis capacity at the same rate. Automatic image analysis can assist a human analyst by alerting when an event of interest...

Ontology engineering for the design and implementation of personal pervasive lifestyle support

Metis: An integrated reference architecture for addressing uncertainty in decision-support systems

Deliver “actionable” intelligence instead of just raw information – this is what the Metis research project pursues for supporting operational work in domains characterized by constantly evolving situations with a diversity of entities, complex interactions and high-level uncertainty in the information gathered. Operating effectively in such...

Ventral-stream-like shape representation: from pixel intensity values to trainable object-selective COSFIRE models

The remarkable abilities of the primate visual system have inspired the construction of computational models of some visual neurons. We propose a trainable hierarchical object recognition model, which we call S-COSFIRE (S stands for Shape and COSFIRE stands for Combination Of Shifted FIlter REsponses) and use it to localize and recognize objects...

A framework for explaining reliance on decision aids

This study presents a framework for understanding task and psychological factors affecting reliance on advice from decision aids. The framework describes how informational asymmetries in combination with rational, motivational and heuristic factors explain human reliance behavior. To test hypotheses derived from the framework, 79 participants...

A search engine for retrieval and inspection of events with 48 human actions in realistic videos

The contribution of this paper is a search engine that recognizes and describes 48 human actions in realistic videos. The core algorithms have been published recently, from the early visual processing (Bouma, 2012), discriminative recognition (Burghouts, 2012) and textual description (Hankmann, 2012) of 48 human actions. We summarize the key...

Using interactive model simulations in co-design: An experiment in urban design

This paper presents an experiment in which people performed a co-design task in urban design, using a multi-user touch table application with or without interactive model simulations. We hypothesised that using the interactive model simulations would improve communication and co-operation between co-design participants, would help participants...

Multidisciplinary approach for detailed characterization of shale gas reservoirs, a Netherlands showcase

The success of shale gas exploration and production in the United States has triggered other countries around the world to look into possibilities of producing gas from different shales. As it turns out, one of the main difficulties when looking for shale gas is obtaining an in depth understanding of the shale formations and interpret where the...

Reasoning about threats: From observables to situation assessment

We propose a mechanism to assess threats that are based on observables. Observables are properties of persons, i.e., their behavior and interaction with other persons and objects. We consider observables that can be extracted from sensor signals and intelligence. In this paper, we discuss situation assessment that is based on observables for...