Searched for: subject%3A%22Toxicology%255C%2Band%255C%2BApplied%255C%2BPharmacology%22
(1 - 20 of 115)
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Buscher, B.A.P. (author), Jägfeldt, H. (author), Sandman, H. (author), Brust-van Schaik, R. (author), van Schaik, F. (author), Brüll, L.P. (author)A bioanalytical method for the quantitative determination of budesonide and fluticasone in human sputum was developed. Sputolysin ® Reagent was added to the sputum samples. After incubation (37°C; 60-70min under shaking) and automated solid phase extraction the extracts were analysed using LC-MS/MS. Budesonide and fluticasone showed good...article 2012
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Kuper, C.F. (author), Ernst, H. (author), van Oostrum, L.C.M. (author), Rittinghausen, S. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Ganderup, N.-C. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author)Histopathological examination of the nasal passages requires a standardized approach for recording lesion distribution patterns. Nasal diagrams provide guidance to map the lesions. Information on lesions exists for rodents, dogs, and monkeys, which all have been used in inhalation studies. Recently, minipigs have garnered interest as an...article 2012
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Reus, A.A. (author), Usta, M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author)As a result of the chemical legislation concerning the registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals (REACH), and the Seventh Amendment to the Cosmetics Directive, which prohibits animal testing in Europe for cosmetics, alternative methods for safety evaluation of chemicals are urgently needed. Current in vitro...article 2012
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Reus, A.A. (author), van Meeuwen, R.N.C. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), Maas, W.J.M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author)Photosafety testing is of concern for the evaluation of personal care products and pharmaceuticals. Current regulatory guidance state that photosafety should be evaluated for compounds that absorb radiation between 290 and 700 nm with relevant exposure in the skin or eyes. However, oversensitivity and the occurrence of 'pseudo-effects' with...article 2011
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Marquart, H. (author), Schneider, T. (author), Goede, H. (author), Tischer, M. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Warren, N. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Spaan, S. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author), Kromhout, H. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Cherrie, J.W. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)There is a large variety of activities in workplaces that can lead to emission of substances. Coding systems based on determinants of emission have so far not been developed. In this paper, a system of Activity Classes and Activity Subclasses is proposed for categorizing activities involving chemical use. Activity Classes share their so-called ...article 2011
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Koek, M.M. (author), van der Kloet, F.M. (author), Kleemann, R. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author), Hankemeier, T. (author)Due to the complexity of typical metabolomics samples and the many steps required to obtain quantitative data in GC × GC-MS consisting of deconvolution, peak picking, peak merging, and integration, the unbiased non-target quantification of GC × GC-MS data still poses a major challenge in metabolomics analysis. The feasibility of using...article 2011
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Tonk, E.C.M. (author), de Groot, D.M.G. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, I.D.H. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), van Loveren, H. (author)Developmental immunotoxicity assessment is considered ready for inclusion in developmental toxicity studies. Further evaluation of proposed and additional assays is needed to determine their utility in assessing developmental immunotoxicity. In this study, a wide range of immunological parameters was included in an extended one-generation...article 2011
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Zuurmond, A.M. (author), Koudijs, A. (author), van El, B. (author), Doornbos, R.P. (author), van Manen-Vernooij, B.C.T. (author), Bastiaans, J.H.M.W. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), van Bilsen, J.H.M. (author), Cnubben, N.H.P. (author), de Groot, J. (author)Pharmacokinetic properties and safety profile of a drug are likely influenced by the disease state of a patient. In this study, we investigated the influence of arthritic processes on pharmacokinetics and immunotoxicity of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (Anakinra) in the rat adjuvant arthritis model. Anakinra dose-dependently suppressed joint...article 2011
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van Triel, J.J. (author), van Bree, B.W.J. (author), Roberts, D.W. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Duistermaat, E. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author)Previously, a selection of low molecular weight contact and respiratory allergens had tested positive in both a skin and a respiratory local lymph node assay (LLNA), but formaldehyde was negative for sensitization by inhalation. To investigate whether this was due to intrinsic properties of aldehyde sensitizers, the structurally related allergen...article 2011
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Kuper, C.F. (author), Radonjic, M. (author), van Triel, J. (author), Stierum, R. (author), de Groot, R.J. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author)Oxazolone (OXA) is a potent contact allergen in man, and it is used as a model Th1-allergen to test (Q)SAR's and screening assays for allergenic potential of chemicals. However, it elevates serum IgE levels and Thelper2 cytokines at relatively low doses in test animals, suggesting that it has also respiratory allergenic potential. The lack of...article 2011
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van Kempen, E. (author), van Kamp, I. (author), Nilsson, M. (author), Lammers, J. (author), Emmen, H. (author), Clark, C. (author), Stansfeld, S. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)On the basis of this study it cannot be ruled out that the appraisal of the noise affects the association between air and road traffic noise exposure and children's health and cognition. However, the conclusion is limited due to the relatively small group of annoyed children, which may have influenced our group comparisons. Furthermore, the...article 2010
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Lamb, J. (author), Hentz, K. (author), Schmitt, D. (author), Tran, N. (author), Jonker, D. (author), Junker, K. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The toxicity of sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL) was examined in Wistar rats fed diets containing 0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5% SSL for one year, equivalent to mean daily intakes of 558, 1115, and 2214. mg/kg/day in males and 670, 1339, and 2641. mg/kg/day in females, respectively. SSL was well tolerated at these dietary levels as evidenced by the absence...article 2010
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Jonker, D. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Maquet, V. (author), Nollevaux, G. (author), Gautier, S. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Chitin-glucan is an insoluble biopolymer, composed of chitin and beta-(1,3)-d-glucan, that is a component of the fungal cell wall. This study was conducted to assess the safety of chitin-glucan from the mycelium of Aspergillus niger (Artinia™ brand) for use as dietary supplement and food ingredient. Chitin-glucan was fed to Wistar rats (20/sex...article 2010
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Arts, J.H.E. (author), Jacobs, E.J. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Irritant-induced inflammation of the airways may aggravate respiratory allergy induced by chemical respiratory allergens. Therefore, it was studied whether airway irritation by sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) would enhance respiratory allergic reactions to trimellitic anhydride (TMA), using a rat model. Brown Norway (BN) rats were topically...article 2010
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Jonker, D. (author), Hasselwander, O. (author), Tervilä-Wilo, A. (author), Tenning, P.P. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Beta-glucans are glucose polymers present in cereal grains, particularly barley and oat. Consumption of these grains or concentrated beta-glucan preparations has been shown to lower blood cholesterol. The present study was conducted to assess the safety of a high purity (>75%) barley beta-glucan (Glucagel™). The product was fed to Wistar rats (5...article 2010
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Peeters, K.A.B.M. (author), Koppelman, S.J. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Lebens, A. (author), Bruijnzeel-Koomen, C.A.F.M. (author), Hefle, S.L. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author), van Hoffen, E. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: The use of lupine in food has been increasing during the last decade and allergic reactions to lupine have been reported, especially in peanut-allergic patients. The frequency and the degree of cross-reactivity to other legumes are not known. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of sensitization to lupine, and in...article 2009
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Tulley, R.T. (author), Appel, M.J. (author), Enos, T.G. (author), Hegsted, M. (author), Mccutcheon, K.L. (author), Zhou, J. (author), Raggio, A.M. (author), Jeffcoat, R. (author), Birkett, A. (author), Martin, R.J. (author), Keenan, M.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Energy values of high amylose corn starches high in resistant starch (RS) were determined in vivo by two different methodologies. In one study, energy values were determined according to growth relative to glucose-based diets in rats fed diets containing RS2, heat-treated RS2 (RS2-HT), RS3, and amylase predigested versions to isolate the RS...article 2009
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- Adams, T.B. (author), Lucas Gavin, C. (author), Taylor, S.V. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author) article 2009
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de Jong, W.H. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), de Klerk, A. (author), Schijf, M.A. (author), Ezendam, J. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), van Loveren, H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)There are currently no validated animal models that can identify low molecular weight (LMW) respiratory sensitizers. The Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) is a validated animal model developed to detect contact sensitizers using skin exposure, but all LMW respiratory sensitizers tested so far were also positive in this assay. Discrimination between...article 2009
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Hissink, A.M. (author), Kulig, B.M. (author), Kruse, J. (author), Freidig, A.P. (author), Verwei, M. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Lammers, J.H.C.M. (author), Mckee, R.H. (author), Owen, D.E. (author), Sweeney, L.M. (author), Salmon, F. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)This report describes a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for cyclohexane and its use in comparing internal doses in rats and volunteers following inhalation exposures. Parameters describing saturable metabolism of cyclohexane are measured in rats and used along with experimentally determined partition coefficients. The model is...article 2009
Searched for: subject%3A%22Toxicology%255C%2Band%255C%2BApplied%255C%2BPharmacology%22
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