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Buscher, B.A.P. (author), Jägfeldt, H. (author), Sandman, H. (author), Brust-van Schaik, R. (author), van Schaik, F. (author), Brüll, L.P. (author)A bioanalytical method for the quantitative determination of budesonide and fluticasone in human sputum was developed. Sputolysin ® Reagent was added to the sputum samples. After incubation (37°C; 60-70min under shaking) and automated solid phase extraction the extracts were analysed using LC-MS/MS. Budesonide and fluticasone showed good...article 2012
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London, L. (author), Beseler, C. (author), Bouchard, M.F. (author), Bellinger, D.C. (author), Colosio, C. (author), Grandjean, P. (author), Harari, R. (author), Kootbodien, T. (author), Kromhout, H. (author), Little, F. (author), Meijster, T. (author), Moretto, A. (author), Rohlman, D.S. (author), Stallones, L. (author)The association between pesticide exposure and neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental effects is an area of increasing concern. This symposium brought together participants to explore the neurotoxic effects of pesticides across the lifespan. Endpoints examined included neurobehavioral, affective and neurodevelopmental outcomes among occupational...article 2012
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Kuper, C.F. (author), Ernst, H. (author), van Oostrum, L.C.M. (author), Rittinghausen, S. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Ganderup, N.-C. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author)Histopathological examination of the nasal passages requires a standardized approach for recording lesion distribution patterns. Nasal diagrams provide guidance to map the lesions. Information on lesions exists for rodents, dogs, and monkeys, which all have been used in inhalation studies. Recently, minipigs have garnered interest as an...article 2012
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Reus, A.A. (author), Usta, M. (author), Kenny, J.D. (author), Clements, P.J. (author), Pruimboom-Brees, I. (author), Aylott, M. (author), Lynch, A.M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author)An in vivo photomicronucleus test (MNT) using rat skin, the target organ for photoirritancy and carcinogenicity, was recently described. The assay was evaluated using fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics with varying degrees of phototoxic potency (i.e. sparflocacin [SPFX], lomefloxacin [LOFX], ciprofloxacin [CIFX], levofloxacin [LEFX], gemifloxacin ...article 2012
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Butenhoff, J.L. (author), Pieterman, E. (author), Ehresman, D.J. (author), Gorman, G.S. (author), Olsen, G.W. (author), Chang, S.C. (author), Princen, H.M. (author)Some cross-sectional epidemiological studies have reported positive associations of serum concentrations of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol with serum perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA). However, the strength of the reported associations is inconsistent for exposure–response across three orders of magnitude of...article 2012
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- Balvers, M.G.J. (author) doctoral thesis 2012
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Reus, A.A. (author), Usta, M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author)As a result of the chemical legislation concerning the registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals (REACH), and the Seventh Amendment to the Cosmetics Directive, which prohibits animal testing in Europe for cosmetics, alternative methods for safety evaluation of chemicals are urgently needed. Current in vitro...article 2012
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Beker-van Woudenberg, A.C.R.L. (author), Gröllers-Mulderij, M. (author), Snel, C. (author), Jeurissen, N. (author), Stierum, R. (author), Wolterbeek, A. (author)Reproductive toxicity testing according to the present guidelines requires a high number of animals. Therefore, the development of alternative in vitro methods is urgently required. The aim of the present study was to investigate the applicability domain of the bovine oocyte in vitro maturation assay (bIVM) to study female reproductive...article 2012
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Reche, C. (author), Moreno, T. (author), Amato, F. (author), Viana, M. (author), van Drooge, B.L. (author), Chuang, H.-C. (author), Bérubé, K. (author), Jones, T. (author), Alastuey, A. (author), Querol, X. (author)Urban aerosol samples collected in Barcelona between 2008 and 2009 were toxicologically characterised by means of two complementary methodologies allowing evaluation of their Reactive Oxidative Stress (ROS)-generating capacity: the plasmid scission assay (PSA) and the dichlorodihydrofluorescin assay (DCFH). The PSA determined the PM dose able to...article 2012
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- Beker-van Woudenberg, A.R.C.L. (author), Mulderij, M. (author), Stierum, R.H. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author) article 2011
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Berg, N. (author), de Wever, B. (author), Fuchs, H.W. (author), Gaca, M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Roggen, E.L. (author)In November 2009 the In Vitro Testing Industrial Platform (IVTIP) organized a meeting entitled '. Toxicology in the 21st century - working our way towards a visionary reality'. Participating delegates included scientists, key opinion leaders, developers and users of 3Rs-related tests and testing strategies. This paper summarizes the discussions...article 2011
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- Tonk, E.C. (author), Verhoef, A. (author), de la Fonteyne, L.J. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, I.D. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), van Loveren, H. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author) article 2011
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Hartung, T. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Bosgra, S. (author), Carney, E. (author), Coenen, J. (author), Conolly, R.B. (author), Corsini, E. (author), Green, S. (author), Faustman, E.M. (author), Gaspari, A. (author), Hayashi, M. (author), Hayes, A.W. (author), Hengstler, J.G. (author), Knudsen, L.E. (author), Knudsen, T.B. (author), McKim, J.M. (author), Pfaller, W. (author), Roggen, E.L. (author)The European cosmetics legislation foresees a review in 2011 and possible postponement of the 2013 marketing ban to enforce the testing ban for systemic and repeated-dose animal tests. For this purpose, a 119-page report commissioned by the European Commission was published recently. Here, a group of 17 independent experts from the US, Europe,...article 2011
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Reus, A.A. (author), van Meeuwen, R.N.C. (author), de Vogel, N. (author), Maas, W.J.M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author)Photosafety testing is of concern for the evaluation of personal care products and pharmaceuticals. Current regulatory guidance state that photosafety should be evaluated for compounds that absorb radiation between 290 and 700 nm with relevant exposure in the skin or eyes. However, oversensitivity and the occurrence of 'pseudo-effects' with...article 2011
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Marquart, H. (author), Schneider, T. (author), Goede, H. (author), Tischer, M. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Warren, N. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Spaan, S. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author), Kromhout, H. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Cherrie, J.W. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)There is a large variety of activities in workplaces that can lead to emission of substances. Coding systems based on determinants of emission have so far not been developed. In this paper, a system of Activity Classes and Activity Subclasses is proposed for categorizing activities involving chemical use. Activity Classes share their so-called ...article 2011
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Koek, M.M. (author), van der Kloet, F.M. (author), Kleemann, R. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author), Hankemeier, T. (author)Due to the complexity of typical metabolomics samples and the many steps required to obtain quantitative data in GC × GC-MS consisting of deconvolution, peak picking, peak merging, and integration, the unbiased non-target quantification of GC × GC-MS data still poses a major challenge in metabolomics analysis. The feasibility of using...article 2011
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Tonk, E.C.M. (author), de Groot, D.M.G. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, I.D.H. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), van Loveren, H. (author)Developmental immunotoxicity assessment is considered ready for inclusion in developmental toxicity studies. Further evaluation of proposed and additional assays is needed to determine their utility in assessing developmental immunotoxicity. In this study, a wide range of immunological parameters was included in an extended one-generation...article 2011
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Rennen, M.A.J. (author), Koster, S. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Houben, G.F. (author)The toxicological assessment of chemically complex food matrices (CCFM) usually is very time consuming, expensive and uses many animal studies. Improvements to obtain a more efficient assessment process remain limited as long as we retain traditional approaches to toxicological risk assessment. New concepts would be needed to achieve real...article 2011
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Tluczkiewicz, I. (author), Buist, H.E. (author), Martin, M.T. (author), Mangelsdorf, I. (author), Escher, S.E. (author)The present report describes a strategy to refine the current Cramer classification of the TTC concept using a broad database (DB) termed TTC RepDose. Cramer classes 1-3 overlap to some extent, indicating a need for a better separation of structural classes likely to be toxic, moderately toxic or of low toxicity.Groups of structurally similar...article 2011
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Respiratory sensitization: Advances in assessing the risk of respiratory inflammation and irritationVandebriel, R. (author), Callant Cransveld, C. (author), Crommelin, D. (author), Diamant, Z. (author), Glazenburg, B. (author), Joos, G. (author), Kuper, F. (author), Natsch, A. (author), Nijkamp, F. (author), Noteborn, H. (author), Pieters, R. (author), Roberts, D. (author), Roggen, E. (author), Rorije, E. (author), Seed, M. (author), Sewald, K. (author), van den Heuvel, R. (author), van Engelen, J. (author), Verstraelen, S. (author), van Loveren, H. (author)Respiratory sensitization provides a case study for a new approach to chemical safety evaluation, as the prevalence of respiratory sensitization has increased considerably over the last decades, but animal and/or human experimental/predictive models are not currently available. Therefore, the goal of a working group was to design a road map to...article 2011