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Meuken, D. (author), van Lingen, J.N.J. (author), Polk-LaBonte, A. (author), Domanico, J. (author)A significant health and possibly environmental problem is associated with military smokes and obscurants. Besides the fact that these obscuration munitions pose a significant toxicity hazard to the user, the environmental impact of these munitions can also be significant (e.g. due to the use of hexachlorethane). The objective of the SERDP...conference paper 2016
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Woutersen, R.A. (author), Soffers, A.E.M.F. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), van der Laan, J.W. (author), van Benthem, J. (author), Luijten, M. (author)Sub-chronic toxicity studies of 163 non-genotoxic chemicals were evaluated in order to predict the tumour outcome of 24-month rat carcinogenicity studies obtained from the EFSA and ToxRef databases. Hundred eleven of the 148 chemicals that did not induce putative preneoplastic lesions in the sub-chronic study also did not induce tumours in the...article 2016
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Sharma, M.K. (author), Wieringa, F.P. (author), Frijns, A.J.H. (author), Kooman, J.P. (author)Introduction: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients depend on dialysis for removal of toxic waste products, fluid overload relief and maintenance of electrolyte balance. Dialysis prolongs millions of lives. To some extent, ESRD has become a manageable disease with a steadily growing dialysis population of increasing average age and associated...article 2016
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Kortman, G.A.M. (author), Dutilh, B.E. (author), Maathuis, A.J.H. (author), Engelke, U.F. (author), Boekhorst, J. (author), Keegan, K.P. (author), Nielsen, F.G.G. (author), Betley, J. (author), Weir, J.C. (author), Kingsbury, Z. (author), Kluijtmans, L.A.J. (author), Swinkels, D.W. (author), Venema, K. (author), Tjalsma, H. (author)Oral iron administration in African children can increase the risk for infections. However, it remains unclear to what extent supplementary iron affects the intestinal microbiome. We here explored the impact of iron preparations on microbial growth and metabolism in the well-controlled TNO's in vitro model of the large intestine (TIM-2). The...article 2016
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Williams, F.M. (author), Rothe, H. (author), Barrett, G. (author), Chiodini, A. (author), Whyte, J. (author), Cronin, M.T.D. (author), Monteiro-Riviere, N.A. (author), Plautz, J. (author), Roper, C. (author), Westerhout, J. (author), Yang, C. (author), Guy, R.H. (author)Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) aids assessment of human health risks from exposure to low levels of chemicals when toxicity data are limited. The objective here was to explore the potential refinement of exposure for applying the oral TTC to chemicals found in cosmetic products, for which there are limited dermal absorption data. A...article 2016
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van der Burg, B. (author), Pieterse, B. (author), Rorije, E. (author), Lewin, G. (author), van der Linden, S.C. (author), Man, H.Y. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), Mangelsdorf, I. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author), van Vugt-Lussenburg, B.M.A. (author)There is a great need for alternative testing methods for reproductive toxicants that are practical, fast, cost-effective and easy to interpret. Previously we followed a pragmatic approach using readily available tests, which was successful in predicting reproductive toxicity of chemicals [13]. This initial battery still contained apical tests...article 2015
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Koster, S. (author), Leeman, W.R. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author), Dutman, A.E. (author), van Stee, L.L.P. (author), Munch Nielsen, L. (author), Ronsmans, S. (author), Noteborn, H. (author), Krul, L. (author)A main challenge in food safety research is to demonstrate that processing of foodstuffs does not lead to the formation of substances for which the safety upon consumption might be questioned. This is especially so since food is a complex matrix in which the analytical detection of substances, and consequent risk assessment thereof, is difficult...article 2015
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Dusinska, M. (author), Boland, S. (author), Saunders, M. (author), Juillerat-Jeanneret, L. (author), Tran, L. (author), Pojana, G. (author), Marcomini, A. (author), Volkovova, K. (author), Tulinska, J. (author), Knudsen, L.E. (author), Gombau, L. (author), Whelan, M. (author), Collins, A.R. (author), Marano, F. (author), Housiadas, C. (author), Bilanicova, D. (author), Halamoda Kenzaoui, B. (author), Correia Carreira, S. (author), Magdolenova, Z. (author), Fjellsbo, L.M. (author), Huk, A. (author), Handy, R. (author), Walker, L. (author), Barancokova, M. (author), Bartonova, A. (author), Burello, E. (author), Castell, J. (author), Cowie, H. (author), Drlickova, M. (author), Guadagnini, R. (author), Harris, G. (author), Harju, M. (author), Heimstad, E.S. (author), Hurbankova, M. (author), Kazimirova, A. (author), Kovacikova, Z. (author), Kuricova, M. (author), Liskova, A. (author), Milcamps, A. (author), Neubauerova, E. (author), Palosaari, T. (author), Papazafiri, P. (author), Pilou, M. (author), Poulsen, M.S. (author), Ross, B. (author), Runden-Pran, E. (author), Sebekova, K. (author), Staruchova, M. (author), Vallotto, D. (author), Worth, A. (author)In spite of recent advances in describing the health outcomes of exposure to nanoparticles (NPs), it still remains unclear how exactly NPs interact with their cellular targets. Size, surface, mass, geometry, and composition may all play a beneficial role as well as causing toxicity. Concerns of scientists, politicians and the public about...article 2015
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Schiffelers, M.J.W.A. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Bakker, W.E. (author), Hendriksen, C.F.M. (author), Krul, C. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The two-generation study (OECD TG 416) is the standard requirement within REACH to test reproductive toxicity effects of chemicals with production volumes >100. tonnes. This test is criticized in terms of scientific relevance and animal welfare. The Extended One Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study (EOGRTS), incorporated into the OECD test...article 2015
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Bosgra, S. (author), Westerhout, J. (author)In the EU collaborative project ChemScreen an alternative, in vitro assay-based test strategy was developed to screen compounds for reproductive toxicity. A toxicokinetic modeling approach was used to allow quantitative comparison between effective concentrations in the in vitro test battery and observations of developmental toxicity in vivo....article 2015
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Wolterbeek, A. (author), Oosterwijk, T. (author), Schneider, S. (author), Landsiedel, R. (author), de Groot, D. (author), van Ee, R. (author), Wouters, M. (author), van de Sandt, H. (author)Synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) like NM-200 is used in a wide variety of technological applications and consumer products. Although SAS has been widely investigated the available reproductive toxicity studies are old and do not cover all requirements of current OECD Guidelines. As part of a CEFIC-LRI project, NM- 200 was tested in a two...article 2015
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Hofmanna, T. (author), Schneider, S. (author), Wolterbeek, A. (author), van de Sandt, H. (author), Landsiedel, R. (author), van Ravenzwaay, B. (author)Synthetic amorphous silica is a nanostructured material, which is produced and used in a wide variety of technological applications and consumer products. No regulatory prenatal toxicity studies with this substance were reported yet. Therefore, synthetic amorphous silica was tested for prenatal toxicity, according to OECD guideline 414 in Wistar...article 2015
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Jiménez, A.S. (author), Rashid, S. (author), Brouwer, D. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Fito, C. (author), Boulougouris, G. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author)The development of nanotechnology has reached a point where it is being widely applied, and numerous nanomaterials and nano-enabled products are handled across a broad range of industrial sectors. Exposure extends beyond occupational settings as products containing nanomaterials are used by different consumer groups. Despite the knowledge on...conference paper 2015
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Mesens, N. (author), Crawfordb, A.D. (author), Menke, A. (author), Hung, P.D. (author), van Goethem, F. (author), Nuyts, R. (author), Hansen, E. (author), Wolterbeek, A. (author), van Gompel, J. (author), de Witte, P. (author), Esguerra, C.V. (author)Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is poorly predicted by single-cell-based assays, probably because of the lack of physiological interactions with other cells within the liver. An intact whole liver system such as one present in zebrafish larvae could provide added value in a screening strategy for DILI; however, the possible occurrence of other...article 2015
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Pradines, E. (author), Glacial, F. (author), Medus, D. (author), Stiee, E. (author), Fedou, F. (author), van Hulst, M. (author), de Klerk, W.P.C. (author)Assessing the toxicity of military pyrotechnic products is a growing challenge in the current context of Human and Environment protection. The Allied Ordnance Publication (AOP) 45 and the Standard NATO Agreement (STANAG) 4588 “Guidelines for toxicity testing of smokes, obscurants and pyrotechnics mixtures” proposed a practical framework to...conference paper 2015
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Van der Burg, B. (author), Wedebye, E.B. (author), Dietrich, D.R. (author), Jaworska, J. (author), Mangelsdorf, I. (author), Paune, E. (author), Schwarz, M. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author)There is a great need for rapid testing strategies for reproductive toxicity testing, avoiding animal use.The EU Framework program 7 project ChemScreen aimed to fill this gap in a pragmatic manner prefer-ably using validated existing tools and place them in an innovative alternative testing strategy. In ourapproach we combined knowledge on...article 2015
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Kroese, E.D. (author), Bosgra, S. (author), Buist, H.E. (author), Lewin, G. (author), van der Linden, S.C. (author), Man, H.Y. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), Rorije, E. (author), Schulpen, S.H.W. (author), Schwarz, M. (author), Uibel, F. (author), van Vugt-Lussenburg, B.M.A. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), van der Burg, B. (author)Previously we showed a battery consisting of CALUX transcriptional activation assays, the ReProGlo assay, and the embryonic stem cell test, and zebrafish embryotoxicity assay as 'apical' tests to correctly predict developmental toxicity for 11 out of 12 compounds, and to explain the one false negative [7]. Here we report on applying this battery...article 2015
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Louisse, J. (author), Bosgra, S. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), Verwei, M. (author)The use of laboratory animals for toxicity testing in chemical safety assessment meets increasing ethical, economic and legislative constraints. The development, validation and application of reliable alternatives for in vivo toxicity testing are therefore urgently needed. In order to use toxicity data obtained from in vitro assays for risk...article 2015
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Walser, T. (author), Meyer, D. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Buist, H. (author), Kuijpers, E. (author), Brouwer, D. (author)Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a well-established method to evaluate impacts of chemicals on the environment and human health along the lifespan of products. However, the increasingly produced and applied nanomaterials (defined as one dimensionarticle 2015
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Ashton, R. (author), de Wever, B. (author), Fuchs, H.W. (author), Gaca, M. (author), Hill, E. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Poth, A. (author), Roggen, E.L. (author)Despite changing attitudes towards animal testing and current legislation to protect experimental animals, the rate of animal experiments seems to have changed little in recent years. On May 15–16, 2013, the In Vitro Testing Industrial Platform (IVTIP) held an open meeting to discuss the state of the art in alternative methods, how companies...article 2014