Development of a rapid ageing technique for modern methane combustion catalysts in the laboratory: Why does SO2 concentration play an essential role?

In pursuance to decrease emissions of transportation sector, the durability and longevity of modern catalysts has become a topical issue. Understanding the deactivation of catalysts is especially urgent. Our aim in this study was to clarify the roles of reaction temperature and SO2 concentration in methane combustion catalyst poisoning....

Quantitative in vivo CT arthrography of the human osteoarthritic knee to estimate cartilage sulphated glycosaminoglycan content: Correlation with ex-vivo reference standards

Objective. Recently, computed tomography arthrography (CTa) was introduced as quantitative imaging biomarker to estimate cartilage sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) content in human cadaveric knees. Our aim was to assess the correlation between in vivo CTa in human osteoarthritis (OA) knees and ex vivo reference standards for sGAG and collagen...

Next generation post-combustion capture: Combined CO2 and SO2 removal

A major consideration for post-combustion CO2 capture is the adverse effect of the presence of SO2 on the absorption desorption process. The most common approach is to remove the SO2 from the flue gases in a flue gas desulfurization (FGD) unit prior the CO2 recovery process. This paper reports the experimental and modeling results of a new...

Natural versus anthropogenic inhalable aerosol chemistry of transboundary East Asian atmospheric outflows into western Japan

The eastward transport of aerosols exported from mainland Asia strongly influences air quality in the Japanese archipelago. The bulk of the inhalable particulate matter (PM10) in these intrusions comprises either natural, desert-derived minerals (mostly supermicron silicates) or anthropogenic pollutants (mostly submicron sulphates), in various...

Implementation and evaluation of pH-dependent cloud chemistry and wetdeposition in the chemical transport model REM-Calgrid

The Chemistry Transport Model REM-Calgrid (RCG) has been improved by implementing an enhanced description of aqueous-phase chemistry and wet deposition processes including droplet pH. A sensitivity study on cloud and rain droplet pH has been performed to investigate its impact on model sulphate production and gas wet scavenging. Air...

A multi-component data assimilation experiment directed to sulphur dioxide and sulphate over Europe

Fine particulate matter (PM) is relevant for human health and its components are associated with climate effects. The performance of chemistry transport models for PM, its components and precursor gases is relatively poor. The use of these models to assess the state of the atmosphere can be strengthened using data assimilation. This study...

Micrometeorological measurement of the dry deposition flux of sulphate and nitrate aerosols to coniferous forest

Dry deposition fluxes of sulphate and nitrate have been determined over a coniferous canopy using the aerodynamic gradient technique. Vertical concentration gradients of sulphate and nitrate were measured with filters; the gradient of ammonium bisulphate was measured with thermodenuders. Filter measurements of sulphate yielded a deposition...

Generation of fibrinolytic activity in bovine plasma by the combined effects of chloroform and dextran sulphate

Bovine plasma yields fibrinolytically inactive euglobulin fractions, even when prepared in the presence of dextran sulphate. Addition of flufenamate to these solutions only occasionally elicits a slight activity. However, highly fibrinolytic solutions are produced when euglobulins precipitated in the presence of dextran sulphate are exposed to...