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Bos, J.E. (author), Damala, D. (author), Lewis, C. (author), Ganguly, A. (author), Turan, O. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)This paper explains part of the observed variability in passenger illness ratings aboard ships by gender, age and sickness history. Within the framework of a European project, 2840 questionnaires, gathered on several ships operating all over Europe, were analysed. Gender, age and sickness history all had a highly significant effect on...article 2007
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Links, I. (author), Jagt, K.E.V.D. (author), Christopher, Y. (author), Lurvink, M. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Hemmen, J.J.V. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Exposure data on biocides are relatively rare in published literature, especially for secondary exposure. This is also the case for antifouling exposure. Therefore, a field study was carried out measuring exposure to antifouling paints. Both primary exposure (rolling and spraying) and secondary exposure (during sand blasting) were studied....article 2007
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Grootjen, M. (author), Neerincx, M.A. (author), van Weert, J.C.M. (author), Truong, K.P. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Application of more and more automation in process control shifts the operators task from manual to supervisory control. Increasing system autonomy, complexity and information fluctuations make it extremely difficult to develop static support concepts that cover all critical situations after implementing the system. Therefore, support systems...conference paper 2007
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Grootjen, M. (author), Neerincx, M.A. (author), Marckelbach, M. (author)In process control, the ongoing automation and application of new technologies caused a radical change in the position of the operator. Due to this change, increasing manning constraints and the pressure to maximize the operational capability in the Navy, naval operators need personalized and dynamic support which can differ in time: the system...conference paper 2007
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Grootjen, M. (author), Bierman, E.P.B. (author), Neerincx, M.A. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)In the last 2 decades, major changes in information technology have taken place. In process control, the ongoing automation and the application of new technologies caused a radical change in the position of the operator. Combined with manning constraints, and the ever increasing pressure to maximize the operational capability, navies stand for a...conference paper 2006
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Noordkamp, H.W. (author), van den Brink, M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Signatures are an important part of the design of a ship. In an ideal situation, signatures must be as low as possible. However, due to budget constraints it is most unlikely to reach this ideal situation. The arising question is which levels of signatures are optimal given the different scenarios in which a ship operates and the incurred cost...conference paper 2006
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Kastelein, R.A. (author), van der Heul, S. (author), Verboom, W.C. (author), Triesscheijn, R.J.V. (author), Jennings, N.V. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)To prevent grounding of ships and collisions between ships in shallow coastal waters, an underwater data collection and communication network (ACME) using underwater sounds to encode and transmit data is currently under development. Marine mammals might be affected by ACME sounds since they may use sound of a similar frequency (around 12 kHz)...article 2006
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Monni, S. (author), Gerini, G. (author), Neto, A. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)This paper describes the design and measurement of a two-layers gangbuster Frequency Selective Surface (FSS). The FSS is aimed to limit the RCS of the compartment of a ship's mast housing telecommunication antennas and should guarantee a pass-band at low frequencies, in the operating band of the antennas, while reflecting the incoming signal at...conference paper 2006
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Grootjen, M. (author), Neerincx, M.A. (author), Grootjen, M. (author), Veltman, J. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Deployment of information and communication technology will lead to further automation of control centre tasks and an increasing amount of information to be processed. A method for establishing adequate levels of cognitive task load for the operators in such complex environments has been developed. It is based on a model distinguishing three...article 2006
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van Breda, L. (author), van Veen, H.A.H.C. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)TNO participated during eight years in a European Consortium ATOMOS IV (Advanced Technology ro Optimise Marine Operational Safety - Intelligent Vessels), performing research in the human-centred development of decision support systems for ship control centers. New concepts were developed and tested, and installed on board ofa real vessel. The...conference paper 2005
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- Willeboordse, E.J. (author), Post, W.M. (author), Gaillard, A.W.K. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author) bookPart 2005
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Kastelein, R.A. (author), Verboom, W.C. (author), Muijsers, M. (author), Jennings, N.V. (author), van der Heul, S. (author)To prevent grounding of ships and collisions between ships in shallow coastal waters, an underwater data collection and communication network is currently under development: Acoustic Communication network for Monitoring of underwater Environment in coastal areas (ACME). Marine mammals might be affected by ACME sounds since they use sounds of...article 2005
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Smith, A.J.E. (author), Chesworth, J. (author), Greidanus, H. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)A ship detection algorithm is developed that uses Envisat ASAR imagery in alternating polarisation mode. From airborne data it is shown that of the two co-polarisations, HH is preferred over VV because of a larger ship-to-clutter ratio. Combining the HH and HV images of alternating polarisation mode, it is found that the correlation between the...conference paper 2005
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Bos, J.E. (author), MacKinnon, S.N. (author), Patterson, A. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Vehicle motion characteristics differ between air, road, and sea environments, both vestibularly and visually. Effects of vision on motion sickness have been studied before, though less systematically in a naval setting. It is hypothesized that appropriate visual information on self-motion is beneficial in a naval setting and that task...article 2005
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Neele, F.P. (author)The increased interest during the last decade in the infrared signature of (new) ships results in a clear need of validated infrared signature prediction codes. This paper presents the results of comparing an in-house developed signature prediction code with measurements made in the 3-5 um band in both clear-sky and overcast conditions. During...conference paper 2005
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Neele, F.P. (author)The last decade has seen an increase in the awareness of the infrared signature of naval ships. New ship designs show that infrared signature reduction measures are being incorporated, such as exhaust gas cooling systems, relocation of the exhausts and surface cooling systems. Hull and superstructure are cooled with dedicated spray systems, in...conference paper 2005
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Laterveer, R. (author), Beerens, S.P. (author), van IJsselmuide, S.P. (author), Snyder, M. (author), Newcomb, J. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)As part of a program to study the effect of man-made noise on marine mammals an EARS Acoustic Recording System) buoy was deployed in the Ligurian sea. The EARS buoy was deployed at a position with a high probability of marine mammal activity at a depth of around 950 m. It was operating for almost 19 days and collected acoustic data sampled at...conference paper 2004
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Greidanus, H. (author), Clayton, P. (author), Indregard, M. (author), Staples, G. (author), Suzuki, N. (author), Vachon, P. (author), Wackerman, C. (author), Tennvassas, T. (author), Mallorqui, J. (author), Kourti, N. (author), Ringrose, R. (author), Melief, H. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)The performances of eight satellite SAR ship detection systems (most of them operational) are compared, by running a benchmark test on RADARSAT images of various modes. No single system is best under all circumstances.conference paper 2004
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TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author), Schleijpen, H.M.A. (author), Neele, P.P. (author)The exhaust gas plume is an important and sometimes dominating contributor to the infrared signature of ships. Suppression of the infrared ship signatures has been studied by TNO for the Royal Netherlands Navy over considerable time. This study deals with the suppression effects, which can be achieved using a spray of cold water in the inner...conference paper 2004
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Neef, R.M. (author), van Lieburg, A. (author), van Gosliga, S.P. (author), Gillis, M.P.W. (author), TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author)With the increasing complexity of platform systems and the ongoing demand for reduced manning comes the need for novel approaches to ship control systems. Current control and management systems fall short on maintainability, robustness and scalability. From the operator's perspective information handling has become a demanding task due to the...conference paper 2003