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Silvestri, F. (author), Feenstra, L.W. (author), Pettazzi, F. (author), Nijenhuis, J.R. (author), de Vreugd, J. (author), de Bruijn, D. (author), den Breeje, R. (author), Klop, W.A. (author), Ferrario, I. (author)High throughput optical satellite communication (SATCOM) systems need to rely on effective and robust technology to enable wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) in a commercially viable way. The main challenge to implement WDM in optical feeder links deals with the multiplexing of high power channels. Currently the levels of power required for...conference paper 2022
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van Rooij, S.B. (author), Uysal, F. (author), Papari, G. (author), Kruithof, M.C. (author), Caro Cuenca, M. (author)Radar systems play a very important role in Space Situational Awareness (SSA) since they are able to provide a wealth of information on remote objects. In particular, imaging radars can characterize space objects using Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) techniques. Under the right circumstances, ISAR images can provide details of a...conference paper 2022
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Kurchaba, S. (author), van Vliet, J. (author), Verbeek, F.J. (author), Meulman, J.J. (author), Veenman, C.J. (author)The shipping industry is one of the strongest anthropogenic emitters of NOx—a substance harmful both to human health and the environment. The rapid growth of the industry causes societal pressure on controlling the emission levels produced by ships. All the methods currently used for ship emission monitoring are costly and require proximity to a...article 2022
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Werkhoven, P. (author), Bouwman, J. (author), van Diggelen, J. (author), Dijk, J. (author), van der Meulen, M. (author), Neerincx, M. (author), Raaijmakers, S. (author), van Veenstra, A.F. (author)TNO has lived up to its motto ‘Innovation for life’ by playing a significant part in this digital revolution, with major breakthroughs in computer simulation, network transactions, wireless communication, cyber security, optical satellite communication and quantum computing.report 2022
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Korevaar, C.W. (author), Boschma, J.J. (author), den Breeje, R. (author), Ebert, J. (author)Optical feeder links (OFLs) benefit from the vast amount of bandwidth available in the THz-regime of the electro-magnetic spectrum, and could enable future terabit-per-second satellite systems. This study assesses the end-to-end performance of analog coherent OFLs for digital video broadcasting (DVB) applications, employing phase modulation (PM)...conference paper 2022
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Jiang, Z. (author), Zhu, R. (author), Miyazaki, K. (author), McDonald, B.C. (author), Klimont, Z. (author), Zheng, B. (author), Boersma, K.F. (author), Zhang, Q. (author), Worden, H. (author), Worden, J.R. (author), Henze, D.K. (author), Jones, D.B.A. (author), Denier van der Gon, H.A.C. (author), Eskes, H. (author)Global trends in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have changed dramatically in the past decade. Here, we investigate tropospheric NO2 variabilities over United States, Europe, and E. China in 2005–2018 to explore the mechanisms governing the variation of this critical pollutant. We found large uncertainties in the trends of anthropogenic...article 2022
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Dirks, B.P.F. (author), Ferrario, I. (author), Le Pera, A. (author), Vito Finocchiaro, D. (author), Desmons, M. (author), de Lange, T.J. (author), de Man, H. (author), Meskers, A.J.H. (author), Morits, J.P.J. (author), Neumann, N.M.P. (author), Saathof, R. (author), Witvoet, G. (author)Due to the distance limitation of quantum communication via ground-based fibre networks, space-based quantum key distribution (QKD) is a viable solution to extend such networks over continental and, ultimately, over global distances. Compared to Low Earth Orbits (LEO), QKD from a Geostationary Orbit (GEO) offers substantial advantages, such as...conference paper 2021
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Saathof, R. (author), Meskers, A.J.H. (author), van Kempen, F.C.M. (author), Witvoet, G. (author), Korevaar, C.W. (author), de Lange, T.J. (author), Crowcombe, E.E. (author), Fritz, E.C. (author), van de Pol, M. (author)Optical satellite communications is a maturing technology to enable word-wide access to high throughput internet. In the past years a lot of effort has been taken to increase the applicability and the TRL of this technology. In collaboration with industry, TNO initiated several developments for space and ground technologies. Many of these...conference paper 2021
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McKenzie, I. (author), Ibrahim, S. (author), Haddad, E. (author), Abad, S. (author), Hurni, A. (author), Cheng, L.K. (author)For over two decades the European Space Agency has investigated the possibility of using fiber optic sensors in spacecraft engineering as tools to advance the monitoring and control of spacecraft. The applications have been diverse covering both launcher and satellite applications and encompassing environments from cryogenic to high temperature...article 2021
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- Gomez-Guillamon Buendia, V. (author), Liberto, S. (author), Goussetis, G. (author), Fonseca, N.J.G. (author) conference paper 2021
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- Kurchaba, S. (author), van Vliet, J. (author), Meulman, J.J. (author), Verbeek, F.J. (author), Veenman, C.J. (author) conference paper 2021
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Alrushud, K.M. (author), Gomez-Guillamon Buendia, V.A. (author), Podilchak, S.K. (author)A planar quasi-endfire surface-wave antenna (SWA) using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology for integration with CubeSats and other small satellites is proposed in this letter. This antenna can be attached to the body of the satellite, resulting in a compact and low-cost design. A quasi-endfire beam pattern is achieved by the...article 2021
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- Dresscher, M. (author), Bertels, E. (author), de Lange, T.J. (author), Rotteveel, J. (author), van der Togt, O.E. (author) conference paper 2021
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Caron, J.F. (author), Bäumer, S.M.B. (author)Off-axis systems with freeform mirrors is a design approach of increasing importance for space instruments. While the off-axis reflective approach allows simple, versatile and obstruction free designs, the use of freeform surfaces allows to achieve better optical performance and/or compactness. In recent years, many such instruments have been...conference paper 2021
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Silvestri, F. (author), Pettazzi, F. (author), Eschen, M. (author), Boschma, J.J. (author), Lutgerink, J.B. (author), Kramer, G.F.IJ. (author), Korevaar, W.C. (author), den Breeje, R. (author), Duque, C.M. (author), Doelman, N.J. (author)Optical satellite communication is growing fast and among various applications it requires higher throughput optical feeder links. Optical feeder links for satellite communication necessitate very high data throughput, up to 1 Terabit/s and beyond. Amongst several multiplexing strategies, dense wavelength division holds a key position to enable...conference paper 2020
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van Kooten, M.A.M. (author), Kenworthy, M. (author), Doelman, N.J. (author)Dedicated transiting surveys, such as the Kepler space telescope, have provided the astronomy community with a rich data set resulting in many new discoveries. In this paper, we look at eight Kepler objects identified by Wheeler & Kipping with a periodic, broad increase in flux, that look distinctly different from intrinsic star variability. We...article 2020
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Kreher, K. (author), van Roozendael, M. (author), Hendrick, F. (author), Apituley, A. (author), Dimitropoulou, E. (author), Friess, U. (author), Richter, A. (author), Wagner, T. (author), Lampel, J. (author), Abuhassan, N. (author), Ang, L. (author), Anguas, M. (author), Bais, A. (author), Benavent, N. (author), Bosch, T. (author), Bognar, K. (author), Borovski, A. (author), Bruchkouski, I. (author), Cede, A. (author), lok Chan, K. (author), Donner, S. (author), Drosoglou, T. (author), Fayt, C. (author), Finkenzeller, H. (author), Garcia-Nieto, D. (author), Gielen, C. (author), Gómez-Martín, L. (author), Hao, N. (author), Henzing, B. (author), Herman, J. (author), Hermans, C. (author), Hoque, S. (author), Irie, H. (author), Jin, J. (author), Johnston, P. (author), khayyam Butt, J. (author), Khokhar, F. (author), Koenig, T. (author), Kuhn, J. (author), Kumar, V. (author), Liu, C. (author), Ma, J. (author), Merlaud, A. (author), Mishra, A. (author), Müller, M. (author), Navarro-Comas, M. (author), Ostendorf, M. (author), Pazmino, A. (author), Peters, E. (author), Pinardi, G. (author), Pinharanda, M. (author), Piters, A. (author), Platt, U. (author), Postylyakov, O. (author), Prados-Roman, C. (author), Puentedura, O. (author), Querel, R. (author), Saiz-Lopez, A. (author), Schonhardt, A. (author), Schreier, S. (author), Sinha, V. (author), Spinei, E. (author), Strong, K. (author), Tack, F. (author), Tian, X. (author), Tiefengraber, M. (author), van Gent, J. (author), Volkamer, R. (author), Vrekoussis, M. (author), Wang, S. (author), Wang, Z. (author), Wenig, M. (author), Wittrock, F. (author), Xie, P. (author), Xu, J. (author), Yela, M. (author), Zhang, C. (author), Zhao, X. (author)In September 2016, 36 spectrometers from 24 institutes measured a number of key atmospheric pollutants for a period of 17 d during the Second Cabauw Intercomparison campaign for Nitrogen Dioxide measuring Instruments (CINDI-2) that took place at Cabauw, the Netherlands (51.97-N, 4.93-E). We report on the outcome of the formal semi-blind...article 2020
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Zhang, Y. (author), Gautam, R. (author), Pandey, S. (author), Omara, M. (author), Maasakkers, J.D. (author), Sadavarte, P. (author), Lyon, D. (author), Nesser, H. (author), Sulprizio, M.P. (author), Varon, D.J. (author), Zhang, R. (author), Houweling, S. (author), Zavala-Araiza, D. (author), Alvarez, R.A. (author), Lorente, A. (author), Hamburg, S.P. (author), Aben, I. (author), Jacob, D.J. (author)Using new satellite observations and atmospheric inverse modeling, we report methane emissions from the Permian Basin, which is among the world's most prolific oil-producing regions and accounts for >30% of total U.S. oil production. Based on satellite measurements from May 2018 to March 2019, Permian methane emissions from oil and natural gas...article 2020
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Saathof, R. (author), Kuiper, S. (author), Crowcombe, W.E. (author), de Man, H. (author), de Lange, T.J. (author), van der Valk, N.C.J. (author), Kramer, L. (author), Fritz, E.C. (author)Optical communications will complement radio frequency (RF) communications in the coming decades to enhance throughput, power efficiency and link security of satellite communication links. To enable optical communications technology for intersatellite links and (bi-directional) ground to satellite links, TNO develops a suite of technologies in...conference paper 2019
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von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Wensveen, P.J. (author), Prior, M. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author), Hansen, R.R. (author), Isojunno, S. (author), Lam, F.P.A. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Miller, P.J.O. (author)To understand the consequences of underwater noise exposure for cetaceans, there is a need for assessments of behavioural responses over increased spatial and temporal scales. Bottom-moored acoustic recorders and satellite tags provide such long-term and large spatial coverage of behaviour compared to short-duration acoustic-recording tags....article 2019