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de Jong, W. (author), Russchenberg, T. (author), Amelink, A. (author), Kempe, M. (author), Salas, M. (author), Leitgeb, R. (author)Artificial test eyes have been developed for a multimodal ophthalmic imaging platform. The test eyes can be used for alignment of different imaging modalities and for fluorescence channel performance testing. Different scattering and absorption characteristics can be realized in the artificial retina.conference paper 2019
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Simone, G. (author), di carlo Rasi, D. (author), de Vries, X. (author), Heintges, G.H.L. (author), Meskers, S.C.J. (author), Janssen, R.A.J. (author), Gelinck, G.H. (author)Photovoltaic retinal prostheses show great potential to restore sight in patients suffering from degenerative eye diseases by electrical stimulation of the surviving neurons in the retinal network. Herein, organic photodiodes (OPDs) sensitive to near-infrared (NIR) light are evaluated as photovoltaic pixels for future application in retinal...article 2018
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Deemter, M.V. (author), Bank, R.A. (author), Vehof, J. (author), Hooymans, J.M.M. (author), Los, L.I. (author)Purpose: To explore factors associated with pentosidine accumulation in the human vitreous. Methods: Vitreous samples were obtained during trans pars plana vitrectomy for macular hole or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Patient characteristics included age, gender, and diabetes mellitus. Ocular characteristics included pseudophakia, posterior...article 2017
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Terhal, P.A. (author), Nievelstein, R.J.A.J. (author), Verver, E.J.J. (author), Topsakal, V. (author), van Dommelen, P. (author), Hoornaert, K. (author), le Merrer, M. (author), Zankl, A. (author), Simon, M.E. (author), Smithson, S.F. (author), Marcelis, C. (author), Kerr, B. (author), Clayton-Smith, J. (author), Kinning, E. (author), Mansour, S. (author), Elmslie, F. (author), Goodwin, L. (author), van der Hout, A.H. (author), Veenstra-Knol, H.E. (author), Herkert, J.C. (author), Lund, A.M. (author), Hennekam, R.C. (author), Mégarbané, A. (author), Lees, M.M. (author), Wilson, L.C. (author), Male, A. (author), Hurst, J. (author), Alanay, Y. (author), Annerén, G. (author), Betz, R.C. (author), Bongers, E.M. (author), Cormier-Daire, V. (author), Dieux, A. (author), David, A. (author), Elting, M.W. (author), van den Ende, J. (author), Green, A. (author), van Hagen, J.M. (author), Hertel, N.T. (author), Holder-Espinasse, M. (author), den Hollander, N. (author), Homfray, T. (author), Hove, H.D. (author), Price, S. (author), Raas-Rothschild, A. (author), Rohrbach, M. (author), Schroeter, B. (author), Suri, M. (author), Thompson, E.M. (author), Tobias, E.S. (author), Toutain, A. (author), Vreeburg, M. (author), Wakeling, E. (author), Knoers, N.V. (author), Coucke, P. (author), Mortier, G.R. (author)Type 2 collagen disorders encompass a diverse group of skeletal dysplasias that are commonly associated with orthopedic, ocular, and hearing problems. However, the frequency of many clinical features has never been determined. We retrospectively investigated the clinical, radiological, and genotypic data in a group of 93 patients with...article 2015
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Alferdinck, J.W.A.M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)During night-time driving hazardous objects often appear at mesopic light levels, which are typically measured using light meters with a spectral sensitivity that is only valid for photopic light levels. In order to develop suitable mesopic models a target detection experiment was performed in a driving simulator. While subjects drove along a...article 2006
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Zagers, N.P.A. (author), Pot, M.C.A. (author), van Norren, D. (author)Our aim was to assess the integrity of the photoreceptors in the fovea, and to measure the optical density of the macular pigment and the eye lens in patients with diabetes mellitus, and to compare the results with those of a group of healthy subjects. The directional and spectral properties of the light reflected from a 1.9 deg field centered...article 2005
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Vos, J.J. (author), van Norren, D. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Background: The ACGIH guidelines for protection against retinal damage by optical radiation are often difficult to apply due to their lack of transparency. The less known guidelines by the Netherlands Health Council (HCN), dating from 1978 and updated in 1993, might offer a way out in many cases. Methods: A comparison is made of these guidelines...conference paper 2005
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Zagers, N.P.A. (author), van Norren, D. (author)We measured the amplitude of the directional component of the bleached fundus reflectance, the so-called optical Stiles-Crawford effect, as a function of wavelength. The directional reflectance originates from within the outer segments of the photoreceptors. Thus only two anterior absorbers are of importance: Macular pigment and the crystalline...article 2004
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Berendschot, T.T.J.M. (author), Delint, P.J. (author), van Norren, D. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author)In 1851 Helmholtz introduced the ophthalmoscope. The instrument allowed the observation of light reflected at the fundus. The development of this device was one of the major advancements in ophthalmology. Yet ophthalmoscopy allows only qualitative observation of the eye. Since 1950 attempts were made to address the challenging, quantitative...article 2003
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Zagers, N.P.A. (author), Berendschot, T.T.J.M. (author), van Norren, D. (author)We present evidence for the wavelength dependence of the directionality of light reflected from cone receptor cells (optical StilesCrawford effect): Blue light is more directional than red. According to the waveguide-scattering model of Marcos J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 15 , 2012 (1998), directionality is the sum of a waveguide component and a...article 2003
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Bouman, M.A. (author)In the model presented here, in the dark any single quantum absorption in a rod or cone produces a subliminal excitation. Subliminal excitations from both halves of a twin unit pair in the retina for the perception of light from the stimulus. A twin unit contains either two red or two green cones. The twin units are intertwined in triples of two...article 2002
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Bouman, M.A. (author)Thresholds for seeing light from a stimulus are determined by a mechanism that pairs subliminal excitations from both halves of a twin unit. Such excitations stem from a package of k ≥ 1 receptor responses. A half-unit contains one red or one green cone and P rods. The receptor's "Weber machine" controls the receptor's gain. Each half of a twin...article 2002
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Broekmans, W.M.R. (author), Berendschot, T.T.J.R. (author), Klöpping-Ketelaars, I.A.A. (author), de Vries, A.J. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Tijburg, L.B.M. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Background: Macular pigment (MP), concentrated in the central area of the retina, contains the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin. A low MP density could be a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. Little information is available regarding MP density in relation to serum lutein and zeaxanthin and adipose lutein concentrations in a...article 2002
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Zagers, N.P.A. (author), van de Kraats, J. (author), Berendschot, T.T.J.M. (author), van Norren, D. (author)An instrument for simultaneous measurement of foveal spectral reflectance and cone-photoreceptor directionality is described. The key element is an imaging spectrograph (spectral range of 420–790 nm) with its entrance slit conjugate to the pupil plane of a human eye. A 1.9-deg spot on the retina is sampled in 1 s. Video observation of the retina...article 2002
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- Vos, J.J. (author), van Norren, D. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author) article 2001
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Mesland, B.S. (author), Wertheim, A.H. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author)A visual illusion is reported which comprises the following: when a monitor with a moving constant velocity grating is swayed in front of a subject, the grating may be perceived as freezing or decelerating on the screen. This percept appears to depend on the magnitude and direction of the retinal grating velocity, relative to that of the moni...article 1996
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Walraven, J. (author), Werner, J.S. (author)The locus of unique white was measured for two observers over a wide range of stimulus intensities, using both direct matching and absolute judgements. Chromaticity coordinates of each observer's unique white were found to be invariant over a range of about 4 log units. This result is discussed in the context of the class of models that explain...article 1991
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TNO Human Factors (author), Marcus, J.T. (author), Toet, A. (author)The edges of straight bars in a square-wave luminance grating appear undulating to an observer when the retinal image of this pattern is in motion. The amplitude of the perceived undulations increases linearly with retinal image speed with an average slope of 30 ± 4 ms. The period of the motion-induced bulges is 2.5 ± 0.5° and shows no...article 1991
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Vos, J.J. (author), Estevez, O. (author), Walraven, P.L. (author), Instituut voor Zintuigfysiologie TNO (author)New action spectra are derived for the foveal cones on the basis of three assumptions: (1) the Stiles-Burch (1959) colorimetric data are better than CIE 1931; (2) the long wavelength flanks of the dichromatic luminosity functions offer better anchorage than the confusion loci; and (3) the relative mutual heights per receptor can be derived from...article 1990
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Instituut voor Zintuigfysiologie TNO (author), Heynen, H. (author), van Norren, D. (author)Responses to 400 msec flashes of white light were recorded at various depth in the retina of the intact macaque eye. A statistical technique, principal component analysis (PCA), was used to isolate independent components from the LERG, using the changing contribution of a cell's response to the LERG with retinal depth. Two approaches were...article 1985
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