Impact of experimentally measured relative permeability hysteresis on reservoir-scale performance of underground hydrogen storage (UHS)

Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) is an emerging large-scale energy storage technology. Researchers are investigating its feasibility and performance, including its injectivity, productivity, and storage capacity through numerical simulations. However, several ad-hoc relative permeability and capillary pressure functions have been used in the...

Surrogate-assisted inversion for large-scale history matching: Comparative study between projection-based reduced-order modeling and deep neural network

History matching can play a key role in improving geological characterization and reducing the uncertainty of reservoir model predictions. Application of reservoir history matching is restricted by the huge computational cost by amongst others the many runs of the full model. Surrogate models with a reduced complexity are therefore used to...

Conditioning of Deep-Learning Surrogate Models to Image Data with Application to Reservoir Characterization

A coupled permeability thresholding with effective medium theoryupscaling technique for highly heterogeneous reservoirs

Reservoir simulations are performed with fine grid geological models as primary input into the reservoir simulators. These fine grid geological models contain ten million to one hundred million cells while current serial reservoir simulators can only handle one hundred thousand to one million cells. This disparity in scales prohibits direct...

Increasing the predictive power of geostatistical reservoir models by integration of geological constraints from stratigraphic forward modeling

Current static reservoir models are created by quantitative integration of interpreted well and seismic data through geostatistical tools. In these models, equiprobable realizations of structural settings and property distributions can be generated by stochastic simulation techniques. The integration of regional (or basin) scale knowledge in...

3D laboratory-scale simulation of unstable displacement of heavy oil

Water-flooding or intrusion of aquifer water in heavy oil reservoirs may result in instabilities that lead to early water breakthrough and low oil production. Here, the first part of efforts to arrive at reliable production forecasts for heavy oil fields under unstable displacement conditions is presented. 3D simulations of flow in a 3 cm thick...

Model-based workflows for optimal long-term reservoir mangement

Life-cycle optimization is the process of finding field operation strategies that aim to optimize recovery or economic value with a long-term (years to decades) horizon. A reservoir simulation model is therefore generally appropriate and sufficient to explore the impact of different recovery scenarios. A number of challenges arise when trying to...

Data assimilation of PS-InSAR movement measurements applied to the bergermeer gas field

This paper reports a study on the use of satellite radar data to constrain the subsurface model parameters of the Bergermeer gas field. Using PSI (Persistent Scatterer InSAR) technology, ascending and descending data were applied in line-of-sight geometry, i.e., without first unravelling the horizontal and vertical components of the signal. The...

Geomechanical modeling of surface uplift around well KB-502 at the in Salah CO2 storage site

Injection of CO2 in the InSalah field has caused uplift of the surface, as observed by satellite geodetic techniques (InSAR). Around one of the wells, KB-502, the uplift shows anomalous behaviour: a two-lobe pattern develops in the direction of the preferred fracture orientation. This indicates the tensile opening of a fracture or a fracture...

Simulating liquid loading in gas wells

This paper describes work performed by the authors over the last several years to better understand the factors affecting the onset of liquid loading. To further improve the prediction of onset of liquid loading, efforts were undertaken to better model the process. Dedicated codes as well as a commercial multiphase flow simulator were used to...

The fluid flow consequences of CO2 migration from 1000 to 600 metres upon passing the critical conditions of CO2

The minimum injection depth for the storage of CO2 is normally set at 800 metres. At and beyond this depth in the subsurface conditions exist where CO2 is in a so-called critical state. The supercritical CO2 has a viscosity comparable to that of a normal gas and a liquid-like density, Due to the high density of the supercritical CO2, storing the...

Gas coning control for smart wells using a dynamic coupled well-reservoir simulator

A strong increase in gas inflow due to gas coning and the resulting bean-back because of Gas to Oil Ratio (GOR) constraints can severely limit oil production and reservoir drive energy. In this paper we will use a coupled reservoir-well model to demonstrate that oil production can be increased by using controlled inflow from a gas cone as a...

A semianalytic model for the productivity testing of multiple wells

We present a semianalytic method for modeling the productivity testing of vertical, horizontal, slanted, or multilateral wells. The method is applicable to both oil and gas reservoirs and automatically accounts for well interference. The use of analytic expressions ensures that short-time transient behavior and long-time semisteady-state...

An investigation into the need of a dynamic coupled well-reservoir simulator

Within the research framework of the "Integrated System Approach Petroleum Production" (ISAPP) knowledge center of TNO, TU Delft and Shell, the necessity of taking the interaction between dynamic reservoir and dynamic well behavior into account when optimizing a producing asset is investigated. To simulate dynamic phenomena in the well and in...