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Graepel, R. (author), ter Braak, B. (author), Escher, S.E. (author), Fisher, C. (author), Gardner, I. (author), Kamp, H. (author), Kroese, D. (author), Leist, M. (author), Moné, M.J. (author), Pastor, M. (author), van de Water, B. (author)The EU-ToxRisk research project is an interdisciplinary research project that aims to advance the paradigm shift in toxicology towards new approach methodology (NAM)–based approaches for risk assessment. In this European research project, experts in the fields of in vitro and in silico techniques and risk assessment from academia, industry and...article 2019
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van der Burg, B. (author), Pieterse, B. (author), Rorije, E. (author), Lewin, G. (author), van der Linden, S.C. (author), Man, H.Y. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), Mangelsdorf, I. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author), van Vugt-Lussenburg, B.M.A. (author)There is a great need for alternative testing methods for reproductive toxicants that are practical, fast, cost-effective and easy to interpret. Previously we followed a pragmatic approach using readily available tests, which was successful in predicting reproductive toxicity of chemicals [13]. This initial battery still contained apical tests...article 2015
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Schiffelers, M.J.W.A. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Bakker, W.E. (author), Hendriksen, C.F.M. (author), Krul, C. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The two-generation study (OECD TG 416) is the standard requirement within REACH to test reproductive toxicity effects of chemicals with production volumes >100. tonnes. This test is criticized in terms of scientific relevance and animal welfare. The Extended One Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study (EOGRTS), incorporated into the OECD test...article 2015
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Bosgra, S. (author), Westerhout, J. (author)In the EU collaborative project ChemScreen an alternative, in vitro assay-based test strategy was developed to screen compounds for reproductive toxicity. A toxicokinetic modeling approach was used to allow quantitative comparison between effective concentrations in the in vitro test battery and observations of developmental toxicity in vivo....article 2015
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Wolterbeek, A. (author), Oosterwijk, T. (author), Schneider, S. (author), Landsiedel, R. (author), de Groot, D. (author), van Ee, R. (author), Wouters, M. (author), van de Sandt, H. (author)Synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) like NM-200 is used in a wide variety of technological applications and consumer products. Although SAS has been widely investigated the available reproductive toxicity studies are old and do not cover all requirements of current OECD Guidelines. As part of a CEFIC-LRI project, NM- 200 was tested in a two...article 2015
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Van der Burg, B. (author), Wedebye, E.B. (author), Dietrich, D.R. (author), Jaworska, J. (author), Mangelsdorf, I. (author), Paune, E. (author), Schwarz, M. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author)There is a great need for rapid testing strategies for reproductive toxicity testing, avoiding animal use.The EU Framework program 7 project ChemScreen aimed to fill this gap in a pragmatic manner prefer-ably using validated existing tools and place them in an innovative alternative testing strategy. In ourapproach we combined knowledge on...article 2015
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Meunier, L. (author), Garthoff, J.A. (author), Schaafsma, A. (author), Krul, L. (author), Schrijver, J. (author), van Goudoever, J.B. (author), Speijers, G. (author), Vandenplas, Y. (author)Locust bean gum (LBG) is a galactomannan polysaccharide used as thickener in infant formulas with the therapeutic aim to treat uncomplicated gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Since its use in young infants below 12. weeks of age is not explicitly covered by the current scientific concept of the derivation of health based guidance values, the...article 2014
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Tonk, E.C.M. (author), de Groot, D.M.G. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, I.D.H. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), van Loveren, H. (author)The susceptibility of developing immune system to chemical disruption warrants the assessment of immune parameters in reproductive and developmental testing protocols. In this study, a wide range of immune endpoints was included in an extended one-generation reproduction toxicity study (EOGRTS) design to determine the relative sensitivity of...article 2013
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Krug, A.K. (author), Kolde, R. (author), Gaspar, J.A. (author), Rempel, E. (author), Balmer, N.V. (author), Meganathan, K. (author), Vojnits, K. (author), Baquié, M. (author), Waldmann, T. (author), Ensenat-Waser, R. (author), Jagtap, S. (author), Evans, R.M. (author), Julien, S. (author), Peterson, H. (author), Zagoura, D. (author), Kadereit, S. (author), Gerhard, D. (author), Sotiriadou, I. (author), Heke, M. (author), Natarajan, K. (author), Henry, M. (author), Winkler, J. (author), Marchan, R. (author), Stoppini, L. (author), Bosgra, S. (author), Westerhout, J. (author), Verwei, M. (author), Vilo, J. (author), Kortenkamp, A. (author), Hescheler, J. (author), Hothorn, L. (author), Bremer, S. (author), van Thriel, C. (author), Krause, K.-H. (author), Hengstler, J.G. (author), Rahnenführer, J. (author), Leist, M. (author), Sachinidis, A. (author)Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) and many forms of reproductive toxicity (RT) often manifest themselves in functional deficits that are not necessarily based on cell death, but rather on minor changes relating to cell differentiation or communication. The fields of DNT/RT would greatly benefit from in vitro tests that allow the identification...article 2013
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de Wever, B. (author), Fuchs, H.W. (author), Gaca, M. (author), Krul, C.A.M. (author), Mikulowski, S. (author), Poth, A. (author), Roggen, E.L. (author), Vilà, M.R. (author)At the IVTIP (In Vitro Testing Industrial Platform) meeting of November 26th 2009 entitled 'Toxicology in the 21st century ('21C') - working our way towards a visionary reality' all delegates endorsed the emerging concept of the '21C' vision as the way forward to enable a thorough, reliable and systematic approach to future toxicity testing...article 2012
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Tonk, E.C.M. (author), de Groot, D.M.G. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, I.D.H. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Piersma, A.H. (author), van Loveren, H. (author)Developmental immunotoxicity assessment is considered ready for inclusion in developmental toxicity studies. Further evaluation of proposed and additional assays is needed to determine their utility in assessing developmental immunotoxicity. In this study, a wide range of immunological parameters was included in an extended one-generation...article 2011
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Schaafsma, G. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author), Tielemans, E.L.J.P. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), van Leeuwen, C.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The objectives of REACH cannot be achieved under the current risk assessment approach. A change in mind set among all the relevant stakeholders is needed: risk assessment should move away from a labor-intensive and animal-consuming approach to intelligent and pragmatic testing, by combining exposure and hazard data effectively and trying to...article 2009
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van der Laan, J.W. (author), Forster, R. (author), Ledwith, B. (author), Gruber, M. (author), Gould, S. (author), Segal, L. (author), Penninks, A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Vaccine research and development is a heterogeneous and intensely active area, encompassing the development of many different kinds of novel preventive and therapeutic vaccines (eg, against infectious, allergic, and autoimmune diseases, cancer, etc). Included in this is the development of different types of vaccines (eg, DNA vaccines, novel...article 2009
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Adams, T.B. (author), Gavin, C.L. (author), Taylor, S.V. (author), Waddell, W.J. (author), Cohen, S.M. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Goodman, J. (author), Rietjens, I.M.C.M. (author), Marnett, L.J. (author), Portoghese, P.S. (author), Smith, R.L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), KvL (author)This publication is the 12th in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Since then, the number of flavoring...article 2008
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Tielemans, E. (author), Bretveld, R. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), de Wendel van - Joode, B. (author), Kromhout, H. (author), Gerritsen-Ebben, R. (author), Roeleveld, N. (author), Preller, L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The aim of this study was to assess exposure to pesticides for a longitudinal epidemiological study on adverse reproduction effects among greenhouse workers. Detailed information on pesticide use among greenhouse workers was obtained on a monthly basis through self-administered questionnaires and subsequent workplace surveys. Questionnaires were...article 2007
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Blum, R. (author), Kiy, T. (author), Waalkens-Berendsen, I. (author), Wong, A.W. (author), Roberts, A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Polyunsaturated fatty acids, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are natural constituents of the human diet. DHA-algal oil is produced through the use of the marine protist, Ulkenia sp. The reproductive toxicity of DHA-algal oil was assessed in a one-generation study. Rats were provided diets containing DHA-algal oil at concentrations of 1.5,...article 2007
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- Coecke, S. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Elaut, G. (author), Freeman, S. (author), Freidig, A. (author), Gensmantel, N. (author), Hoet, P. (author), Kapoulas, V.M. (author), Ladstetter, B. (author), Langley, G. (author), Leahy, D. (author), Mannens, G. (author), Meneguz, A. (author), Monshouwer, M. (author), Nemery, B. (author), Pelkonen, O. (author), Pfaller, W. (author), Prieto, P. (author), Proctor, N. (author), Rogiers, V. (author), Rostami-Hodjegan, A. (author), Sabbioni, E. (author), Steiling, W. (author), van de Sandt, J.J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author) article 2005
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Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), Smits-Van Prooije, A.E. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding (author)In a standard embryotoxicity/teratogenicity study, α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) was administered to groups of sixteen, artificially inseminated New Zealand White rabbits at dietary concentrations of 0, 5, 10, or 20%. An additional group received a diet containing 20% lactose. Treatment started on day 0 of gestation and ended on day 29 when the animals...article 2004
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TNO Voeding (author), Eggen, R.I.L. (author), Bengtsson, B.E. (author), Bowmer, C.T. (author), Gerritsen, A.A.M. (author), Gibert, M. (author), Hylland, K. (author), Johnson, A.C. (author), Leonards, P. (author), Nakari, T. (author), Norrgren, L. (author), Sumpter, J.P. (author), Suter, M.J.F. (author), Svenson, A. (author), Pickering, A.D. (author)Between January 1999 and December 2001, the European Community project COMPREHEND was performed. The overall aim of COMPREHEND was to assess endocrine disruption in the aquatic environment in Europe, consequent to effluent discharge, with emphasis on estrogenic activity. COMPREHEND demonstrated the widespread occurrence of estrogenic effluents...article 2003
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Anderson, D. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO BIBRA (author)Butadiene (BD) and its 2-methyl analogue, isoprene, have been extensively studied in animals and BD in population studies. Both chemicals are metabolised by liver cytochrome P450 dependent monogenases to monoepoxide and diepoxide intermediates. The diepoxide intermediates of both compounds were mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium. However,...article 2001
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