Thermostat controlled loads flexibility assessment for enabling load shifting - An experimental proof in a low voltage grid

This paper investigates the usability of thermostat controlled domestic appliances for load shift in LV distribution grids. The proposed method uses refrigerators for the demonstration of adaptive load prediction to estimate its flexibility and perform scheduling based on load threshold limit. Two 1-week long experiments with real-time fridge...

The FRISBEE tool, a software for optimising the trade-off between food quality, energy use, and global warming impact of cold chains

Food quality (including safety) along the cold chain, energy use and global warming impact of refrigeration systems are three key aspects in assessing cold chain sustainability. In this paper, we present the framework of a dedicated software, the FRISBEE tool, for optimising quality of refrigerated food, energy use and the global warming impact...

Towards sustainability in cold chains: Development of a quality, energy and environmental assessment tool (QEEAT)

Quantification of the impact of refrigeration technologies in terms of the quality of refrigerated food, energy usage, and environmental impact is essential to assess cold chain sustainability. In this paper, we present a software tool QEEAT (Quality, Energy and Environmental Assessment Tool) for evaluating refrigeration technologies. As a...

Mechanical integrity of PFHE in LNG liquefaction process

The mechanical integrity of heat exchangers is the result of an interplay of many physical phenomena. A full, albeit simple, model, that covers mixture phase thermodynamics, heat transfer, flow dynamics, and the thermal and pressure stresses has been created. Using this simulation model it is now possible to quantify the magnitude of different...

Optimal control and design of a cold store using dynamic optimization

The design of controlled processes is a combined optimal control and design problem (OCDP). Literature on solving large OCDPs is rare. This paper presents an algorithm for solving large OCDPs. For this algorithm system dynamics, objective function and their first-order derivatives must be continuous in the state, control and design parameters....

Salt intake, cured meat consumption, refrigerator use and stomach cancer incidence: A prospective cohort study (Netherlands)

Objective: Many case-control studies have reported that salt and cured meat intake are positively, and refrigerator use is inversely, associated with stomach cancer risk. In the current prospective study these associations were evaluated. Methods: The Netherlands Cohort Study consisted of 120,852 men and women ages 55-69 years at baseline in...

Results of breadboard tests withan integrated CO2, humidity and thermal control system

Membrane gas absorption and desorption (MGA/MGD) for the removal of CO 2 in manned spacecraft or other enclosed environment is subject of study by Stork and TNO for many years. The system is based on the combination of membrane separation and gas absorption. Advantage of this technology is that the system not only can be used to remove the...

Emission reduction of non-CO2 greenhouse gases used as refrigerant

Non-0O2 Greenhouse gases, in particular CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs, are the main refrigerants used in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump equipment. This kind of equipment traditionally leaks significantly (10 to 40 % of the content on a yearly base) during operational life. At end of life, the refrigerant content traditionally emits...