Searched for: subject%3A%22Reach%22
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Fransman, W. (author), Otten, W. (author), Marquart, H. (author), Preuhs, K. (author), Willemsen, J. (author), Boumann, H. (author), Gerritsen, R. (author)
Objectives: Within the chemical legislation, REACH was implemented in order to improve safe working conditions with hazardous substances. Literature and real-life experiences by those concerned have shown that there are still gaps with a need for improved risk communication. This study elaborated on how information provided by REACH is...
article 2023
document
Zevenbergen, J.F. (author), van den Elshout, J.J.M.H. (author), Koning, R. (author), den Otter, J.H. (author), Olde, M.C. (author), de Koster, S.A.L. (author), van Lingen, J.N.J. (author)
To ensure that so-called critical compounds, which are substances that are produced by only one or in the worst case no Western supplier, are available for the European space sector, the transition of batch-wise to continuous processing can guarantee independent access to space. Already widely accepted in the pharmaceutical industry, it is still...
conference paper 2022
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Fleming, J. (author), Rousseau, C.W. (author), Zebregs, M. (author), van Driel, C.A. (author)
Extruded double-base (EDB) charges are used mainly due to their efflux having minimum smoke, attractive oxygen balance, and low corrosivity. The propellant class also has desirable burn-rate characteristics since it exhibits plateau burning and has a low temperature sensitivity to burning rate (πk). External ballistic modeling results are...
article 2022
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Fleming, J. (author), Rousseau, C.W. (author), Zebregs, M. (author), van Driel, C.A. (author)
EDB propellant may be manufactured by solvent or solventless processes. Generally, the former is used for small diameter gun propellants (
conference paper 2021
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Cherrie, J.W. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Heussen, G.A.H. (author), Koppisch, D. (author), Jensen, K.A. (author)
Model tools for estimating hazardous substance exposure are an accepted part of regulatory risk assessments in Europe, and models underpin control banding tools used to help manage chemicals in workplaces. Of necessity the models are simplified abstractions of real-life working situations that aim to capture the essence of the scenario to give...
article 2020
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Savic, N. (author), Gasic, B. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Vernez, D. (author)
The Advanced REACH Tool (ART) is the most sophisticated tool used for evaluating exposure levels under the European Union's Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and restriction of CHemicals (REACH) regulations. ART provides estimates at different percentiles of exposure and within different confidence intervals (CIs). However, its performance...
article 2018
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Schiffelers, M.J.W.A. (author), Blaauboer, B.J. (author), Bakker, W.E. (author), Hendriksen, C.F.M. (author), Krul, C. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)
The two-generation study (OECD TG 416) is the standard requirement within REACH to test reproductive toxicity effects of chemicals with production volumes >100. tonnes. This test is criticized in terms of scientific relevance and animal welfare. The Extended One Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study (EOGRTS), incorporated into the OECD test...
article 2015
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Schinkel, J. (author), Fransman, W. (author), McDonnell, P.E. (author), Entink, R.K. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Kromhout, H. (author)
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of the Advanced REACH Tool (ART) by (i) studying interassessor agreement of the resulting exposure estimates generated by the ART mechanistic model, (ii) studying interassessor agreement per model parameters of the ART mechanistic model, (iii) investigating assessor characteristics...
article 2014
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McNally, K. (author), Warren, N. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Entink, R.K. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Van Tongeren, M. (author), Cherrie, J.W. (author), Kromhout, H. (author), Schneider, T. (author), Tielemans, E. (author)
This paper describes a Bayesian model for the assessment of inhalation exposures in an occupational setting; the methodology underpins a freely available web-based application for exposure assessment, the Advanced REACH Tool (ART). The ART is a higher tier exposure tool that combines disparate sources of information within a Bayesian statistical...
article 2014
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Rorije, E. (author), Aldenberg, T. (author), Buist, H. (author), Kroese, D. (author), Schüürmann, G. (author)
Within the EU FP6 project OSIRIS approaches to Integrated Testing Strategies (ITSs) were developed, with the aim to facilitate the use of non-test and non-animal testing information in regulatory risk assessment of chemicals. This paper describes an analytical Weight-of-Evidence (WoE) approach to an ITS for the endpoint of skin sensitisation. It...
article 2013
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Vermeire, T. (author), Aldenberg, T. (author), Buist, H. (author), Escher, S. (author), Mangelsdorf, I. (author), Pauné, E. (author), Rorije, E. (author), Kroese, D.E. (author)
Chemical substances policies in Europe are aiming towards chemical safety and at the same time a reduction in animal testing. These goals are alleged to be reachable by mining as many relevant data as possible, evaluate these data with regard to validity, reliability and relevance, and use of these data in so-called Integrated Testing Strategies...
article 2013
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Clark, K. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author), Christensen, F. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Nowack, B. (author), Gottschalk, F. (author), Micheletti, C. (author), Schmid, K. (author), Gerritsen, R. (author), Aitken, R. (author), Vaquero, C. (author), Gkanis, V. (author), Housiadas, C. (author), López de Ipiña, J.M. (author), Riediker, M. (author)
The aim of this paper is to describe the process and challenges in building exposure scenarios for engineered nanomaterials (ENM), using an exposure scenario format similar to that used for the European Chemicals regulation (REACH). Over 60 exposure scenarios were developed based on information from publicly available sources (literature, books,...
article 2012
document
Dekker, H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
Presentation on the 9th Seminar on Work Life Development 2012, Baarlo, the Netherlands.
public lecture 2012
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Marquart, H. (author), Schneider, T. (author), Goede, H. (author), Tischer, M. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), Warren, N. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Spaan, S. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author), Kromhout, H. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Cherrie, J.W. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
There is a large variety of activities in workplaces that can lead to emission of substances. Coding systems based on determinants of emission have so far not been developed. In this paper, a system of Activity Classes and Activity Subclasses is proposed for categorizing activities involving chemical use. Activity Classes share their so-called ...
article 2011
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Cherrie, J.W. (author), MacCalman, L. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Tischer, M. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
Objectives: In 1999, Cherrie carried out a series of mathematical simulations to investigate dispersion of pollutants through two indoor zones: the near-field (NF) and the far-field (FF). The results of these simulations were used to derive modifying factors for use in exposure modeling. However, in the original simulations, no account was taken...
article 2011
document
Schaafsma, G. (author), Hertsenberg, A.J. (author), Marquart, J. (author)
Within the framework of REACH, an assessment regarding local dermal effects and skin sensitisation should be performed for substances. Quantitative hazard information for these effects is often not available. Furthermore, it is difficult to relate the way in which animals are exposed in dermal toxicity studies directly to dermal exposure in...
article 2011
document
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Dekker, H. (author)
Presentation on EU conference "Perspectives of Control Banding" Dortmund, German
public lecture 2011
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Vink, S.R. (author), Mikkers, J. (author), Bouwman, T. (author), Marquart, H. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)
REACH requests the exploration of alternative strategies for hazard identification before resorting to (in vivo) testing. Here, we combined read-across as non-testing strategy with a tiered exposure assessment for the risk characterisation of 1-methoxypropan-2-ol (PGME) as a representative for phase-in substances to be registered under REACH....
article 2010
document
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Hollander, A. (author), Steijger, N. (author)
public lecture 2010
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Dekker, H. (author), Steijger, N. (author)
public lecture 2010
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