Path homogeneity along a horizontal line-of-sight path during the FESTER experiment: First results

The First European South African Experiment (FESTER) was conducted over about a 10 month period at the Institute of Maritime Technology (IMT) in False Bay, South Africa. One of the important goals was the establishment of the air-sea temperature difference (ASTD) homogeneity along the main propagation link atmospheric path since it is a basic...

Thermal design of the EarthCARE MSI-VNS instrument

The EarthCARE satellite mission objective is the observation of clouds and aerosols from low Earth orbit. The payload will include active remote sensing instruments being the W- band Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and the ATLID LIDAR. These are supported by the passive instruments BroadBand Radiometer (BBR) and the Multispectral Imager (MSI)...

The inter-comparison of AATSR dual-view aerosol optical thickness retrievals with results from various algorithms and instruments

The Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) dual-view (ATSRDV) aerosol retrieval algorithm is evaluated for a single scene over Germany (49-53° N, 7-12° E) on 13 October 2005 by comparison of the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 550 nm with products from Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR), Moderate Resolution Imaging...

AATSR derived aerosol properties over land

The dual view of the Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) allows for the accurate retrieval of aerosol properties over land using an algorithm in which these two views are used to eliminate the influence of the land reflectance on the top of the atmosphere radiation. The algorithm uses the AATSR IR and visible wavebands for cloud...

Aerosol retrievals over land and sea surfaces using combined satellite measurements from MSG-SEVIRI and Envisat-AATSR

In order to investigate the high temporal variability of aerosols properties over large areas, we are proposing to use geostationary observations from the Spinning Enhanced Visible Infrared Radiometer (SEVIRI) aboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellite (MSG). The algorithm described in this contribution is used to derive daytime Aerosol...

Aerosol properties over the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) campaign area retrieved from ATSR-2

Aerosol retrieved algorithms for ATSR-2 have been applied over land and water using data from the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) Intensive Field Phase (IFP) in February and March 1999. The goal was the extension of the ATSR-2 algorithms, developed for application over the U.S. east coast and Europe, to other areas with different types of...

Retrieval of aerosol properties overland and water using (A)ATSR data

The retrieval of aerosol properties using multi-spectral data provided by satellite based radiometers, has been explored by TNO since 1995. Aerosol properties that are currently retrieved using (A)ATSR data are aerosol optical depth (AOD), the variation of AOD with the wavelength expressed by the Angstrom coefficient, and the dominant aerosol...

The CIE94 colour difference formula for describing visual detection thresholds in static noise

The parametric factors kL, kC and kH that scale the CIELAB components kL*, kC* and kH* in the CIE94 colour difference formula are unity under reference conditions. When the conditions are changed, the scaling factors may be adapted to account for the influence of specific experimental conditions on perceived colour differences. We determined...

A new algorithm to retrieve AOD with ATSR-2 data

A new algorithm to retrieve aerosol optical depth with Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) data was presented. The generalization of algorithms for application over some areas is reported. An automated cloud detection scheme was included in the algorithms in order to generalize them. Inclusion of other aerosol types was also carried out.

Aerosol optical depth over Europe in August 1997 derived from ATSR-2 data

Data from the Along Tract Scanning Radiometer 2 (ATSSR-2) on board the European ERS-2 satellite have been used to derive the spatial distribution of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) over Europe for August 1997. The AOD was retrieved in cloud free areas using the dual view algorithm. The results agree with co-located ground based sun-photometer...

Aerosol optical depth retrieval using ATSR-2 and AVHRR data during TARFOX

Satellite retrieved aerosol optical properties are compared to aircraft measurements for a case study during the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment (TARFOX). Two satellite instruments are used: the Along Track Scanning Radiometer 2 (ATSR-2) and the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR). The aerosol optical...

Landmine detection with an imaging 94-GHz radiometer

We analyzed a time series of 94 GHz radiometer images of a sandbox with buried and unburied, metal and plastic AP and AT dummy mines. The images covered almost a complete 24 hour cycle, with both clear sky and rain conditions occurring. The AP nor the buried mines were visible at any time. The contrast of the visible mines depended mostly on the...