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Raaphorst, R.M. (author), Savolainen, H. (author), Cantore, M. (author), van de Steeg, E. (author), van Waarde, A. (author), Colabufo, N.A. (author), Elsinga, P.H. (author), Lammertsma, A.A. (author), Windhorst, A.D. (author), Luurtsema, G. (author)Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the blood-brain barrier can be important in neurological diseases where P-gp is affected, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Radiotracers used in the imaging studies are present at very small, nanomolar, concentration, whereas in vitro assays where these tracers are characterized,...article 2017
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Cnubben, N.H.P. (author), Tel, S.L. (author), Hemmes, M.A. (author), Langenkamp-Brand, A. (author), Grossouw, D. (author), Jansen, H.T. (author), de Bie, B.T.H.J. (author)Background: Worldwide obesity has nearly doubled since 1980 and is a leading risk for global deaths, profoundly affecting morbidity, mortality, health-care costs, and professional and personal quality of life. Treatment of obesity and its consequences include lifestyle intervention, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. Polyglucosamines have...article 2016
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Nohynek, G.J. (author), Skare, J.A. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Wehmeyer, K.R. (author), de Bie, A.T.H.J. (author), Vaes, W.H.J. (author), Dufour, E.K. (author), Fautz, R. (author), Steiling, W. (author), Bramante, M. (author), Toutain, H. (author)Systemic exposure was measured in humans after hair dyeing with oxidative hair dyes containing 2.0% (A) or 1.0% (B) [14C]-p-phenylenediamine (PPD). Hair was dyed, rinsed, dried, clipped and shaved; blood and urine samples were collected for 48 hours after application. [14C] was measured in all materials, rinsing water, hair, plasma, urine and...article 2015
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van Uhm, J.I.M. (author), Visser, G.W.M. (author), van der Schans, M.J. (author), Geldof, A.A. (author), Meuleman, E.J.H. (author), Nieuwenhuijzen, J.A. (author)Background: Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) is a highly neurotoxic drug and frequently used in patients. Knowledge on the optimal way of administration of BoNT-A and its subsequent distribution is still rather limited. An accurate method for monitoring these processes might be the use of radiolabelled BoNT-A. In this paper, we report our...article 2015
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de Jong, P. (author), van Dijk, W. (author), de Rooij, M. (author)The composition of 23 concrete mixtures was varied in five separate series to evaluate the influence of porosity on the <sup>222</sup>Rn exhalation rate. In each series, a range in porosities is obtained by varying (1) the amount of cement, (2) type of cement (Portland or blast furnace slag cement), (3) the amount of water at a fixed cement...article 2011
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Noort, D. (author), van Zuylen, A. (author), Fidder, A. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Biomonitoring of exposure to the insecticide permethrin is usually performed by analysis of its urinary metabolites 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) or cis/trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Cl2CA). We are engaged in the development of a methodology to assess the cumulative internal dose of exposure to...article 2008
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Cawello, W. (author), Wolff, H.M. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Horstmann, R. (author), Braun, M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background and objective: The dopamine agonist rotigotine has been formulated in a silicone-based transdermal system for once-daily administration. The objective of the present study was to characterise the mass balance of rotigotine in humans after administration of a single transdermal patch containing radiolabelled [14C]rotigotine and to...article 2007
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Kuśmierczyk-Michulec, J.T. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author)The variation of the extinction coefficient with wavelength can be presented as a power law function with a constant (related to the power factor) known as the Ångström coefficient. When the particle size distribution is dominated by small particles, usually associated with pollution, the Ångström coefficients are high; in clear conditions they...conference paper 2007
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Hueber-Becker, F. (author), Nohynek, G.J. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Benech-Kieffer, F. (author), Toutain, H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)We investigated the absorption of a commercial [14C]-PPD- containing oxidative dark-shade hair dye in human volunteers as well as in vitro using human or pig ear skin. The hair of eight male volunteers was cut to a standard length, dyed, washed, dried, clipped and collected. Hair, washing water, materials used in the study and a 24-h scalp wash...article 2004
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Nohynek, G.J. (author), Skare, J.A. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Hein, D.W. (author), de Bie, A.T.H.J. (author), Toutain, H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)In the organism of mammals, important detoxification pathways of arylamines are catalysed by N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). A recent case-control epidemiology study suggested that human NAT2 slow acetylators exposed to oxidative hair dyes may be at greater risk to develop bladder cancer. We therefore profiled urinary [14C]-metabolites and NAT2...article 2004
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Benech-Kieffer, F. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Leclerc, C. (author), Roza, L. (author), Leclaire, J. (author), Nohynek, G. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The potential human health risk of UV filters depends on their toxicity and the human systemic exposure which is a function of the extent of percutaneous absorption of the topically applied substance into the human organism. Using a 'mass balance' approach, a study was designed to investigate the systemically absorbed dose of [14C]-Mexoryl SX®...article 2003
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Nederlands Instituut voor Toegepaste Geowetenschappen TNO (author), Wildenborg, A.F.B. (author), Orlic, B. (author), Thimus, J.F. (author), Lange, G.de (author), de Cock, S. (author), de Leeuw, C.S. (author), Veling, E.J.M. (author)The Dutch national research programme into the feasibility of retrievable storage of radioactive waste (CORA Programme Phase I; CORA: Comité Opslag Radioactief Afval = Committee on Radioactive Waste Disposal) examined the suitability of Tertiary clay deposts for such storage. Long-term isolation - up to 1 million years - of high-level...article 2003
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Hissink, E.M. (author), Bogaards, J.J.P. (author), Freidig, A.P. (author), Commandeur, J.N.M. (author), Vermeulen, N.P.E. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model has been developed for trichloroethylene (1,1,2-trichloroethene, TRI) for rat and humans, based on in vitro metabolic parameters. These were obtained using individual cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase enzymes. The main enzymes involved both for rats and humans are CYP2E1 and the μ-...article 2002
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Reichl, F.X. (author), Durner, J. (author), Kunzelmann, K.H. (author), Hickel, R. (author), Spahl, W. (author), Hume, W.R. (author), Moes, G.W.H (author), Kehe, K. (author), Walther, U. (author), Forth, W. (author)The excretion of the dental composite component triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) in feces and urine in vivo and, using the pendular perfusion technique with segments of jejunum and colon, the biliary and enteric excretion in situ were investigated in anesthetized guinea pigs. In the in situ experiments guinea pigs (n=4) received TEGDMA...article 2001
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Noort, D. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), Fidder, A. (author), van Gurp, R.A. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)The development of procedures for retrospective detection and quantitation of exposure to phosgene, based on adducts to hemoglobin and albumin, is described. Upon incubation of human blood with [14C]phosgene (0-750 μM), a significant part of radioactivity (0-13%) became associated with globin and albumin. Upon Pronase digestion of globin, one of...article 2000
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Fidder, A. (author), Noort, D. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)The development of a procedure for retrospective detection and quantitation of exposure to the arsenical dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine (lewisite; L1) has been initiated. Upon incubation of human blood with [14C]L1 (20 nM-0.2 mM) in vitro, more than 90% of the total radioactivity was found in the erythrocytes and 25-50% of the radioactivity...article 2000
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van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Schoterman, M.H.C. (author), Muijs, T. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The aim of this study was to investigate whether a product rich in transgalactooligosaccharides (TOS, Elix'or) stimulates true Ca absorption in postmenopausal women. The study was a double-blind, randomized crossover study, consisting of two 9-d treatment periods separated by a 19-d washout period. During the treatment periods, 12 subjects drank...article 2000
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Radiologische Dienst TNO (author), de Jong, P. (author), van Dijk, W. (author)The retaining effect of over 20 different surface coatings on the free 222Rn exhalation rate has been studied. Coatings that are normally applied for decoration of walls and ceilings in homes were found to be ineffective. Reductions of up to 75% were found for other coatings studied, when applied to all sides of the test walls. If the surface...article 1994
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- Radiobiologisch instituut TNO (author), van Bekkum, D.W. (author), Barendsen, G.W. (author), Broerse, J.J. (author) book 1986