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Toward Rigorous Materials Production: New Approach Methodologies Have Extensive Potential to Improve Current Safety Assessment Practices

Nymark, P. (author), Bakker, M. (author), Dekkers, S. (author), Franken, R. (author), Fransman, W. (author), García-Bilbao, A. (author), Greco, D. (author), Gulumian, M. (author), Hadrup, N. (author), Halappanavar, S. (author), Hongisto, V. (author), Hougaard, K. (author), Jensen, K. (author), Kohonen, P. (author), Koivisto, A.J. (author), Dal Maso, M. (author), Oosterwijk, T. (author), Poikkimäki, M. (author), Rodriguez-Llopis, I. (author), Stierum, R. (author), Sørli, J.B. (author), Grafström, R. (author)

Advanced material development, including at the nanoscale, comprises costly and complex challenges coupled to ensuring human and environmental safety. Governmental agencies regulating safety have announced interest toward acceptance of safety data generated under the collective term New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), as such technologies...

article 2020

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Exposure Models for REACH and Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

Cherrie, J.W. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Heussen, G.A.H. (author), Koppisch, D. (author), Jensen, K.A. (author)

Model tools for estimating hazardous substance exposure are an accepted part of regulatory risk assessments in Europe, and models underpin control banding tools used to help manage chemicals in workplaces. Of necessity the models are simplified abstractions of real-life working situations that aim to capture the essence of the scenario to give...

article 2020

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Comparison of methods for converting Dylos particle number concentrations to PM2.5 mass concentrations

Franken, R. (author), Maggos, T. (author), Stamatelopoulou, A. (author), Loh, M. (author), Kuijpers, E. (author), Bartzis, J. (author), Steinle, S. (author), Cherrie, J.W. (author), Pronk, A. (author)

The aim of this study was to (a) develop a method for converting particle number concentrations (PNC) obtained by Dylos to PM2.5 mass concentrations, (b) compare this conversion with similar methods available in the literature, and (c) compare Dylos PM2.5 obtained using all available conversion methods with gravimetric samples. Data were...

article 2019

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Allergen reference doses for precautionary labeling (VITAL 2.0): Clinical implications

Allen, K.J. (author), Remington, B.C. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Crevel, R.W.R. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Brooke-Taylor, S. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Taylor, S.L. (author)

Background There has been a dramatic proliferation of precautionary labeling by manufacturers to mitigate the perceived risk from low-level contamination from allergens in food. This has resulted in a significant reduction in choice of potentially safe foods for allergic consumers. Objectives We aimed to establish reference doses for 11 commonly...

article 2014

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Night work and breast cancer risk in a general population prospective cohort study in the Netherlands

Koppes, L.J.J. (author), Geuskens, G.A. (author), Pronk, A. (author), Vermeulen, R.C.H. (author), de Vroome, E.M.M. (author)

Experimental studies in animals indicate that disruption of the circadian rhythm is carcinogenic, and night work has been suggested to be a probable breast cancer cause in humans. Findings among humans, however are inconsistent, often gathered with retrospective study designs, and only based on specific populations, such as nurses. We used data...

article 2014

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Establishment of Reference Doses for residues of allergenic foods: Report of the VITAL Expert Panel

Taylor, S.L. (author), Baumert, J.L. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Remington, B.C. (author), Crevel, R.W.R. (author), Brooke-Taylor, S. (author), Allen, K.J. (author), Houben, G. (author)

In 2011, an expert panel was assembled to establish appropriate Reference Doses for allergenic food residues as a part of the VITAL (Voluntary Incidental Trace Allergen Labeling) program of The Allergen Bureau of Australia & New Zealand (ABA). These Reference Doses would guide advisory labeling decisions for use on food labels. Individual NOAELs...

article 2014

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Early signals for emerging food safety risks: From past cases to future identification

van de Brug, F.J. (author), Lucas Luijckx, N.B. (author), Cnossen, H.J. (author), Houben, G.F. (author)

During the last decades multiple unexpected and wide spread food safety incidents have occurred. The aim of this study is to learn from the past by studying the early emergence of historic food safety risks and apply these lessons for future early identification of emerging food safety risks. Information on the early signals preceding the...

article 2014

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Application of a dynamic population-based model to assess the effect of silica exposure interventions on copd in Dutch construction workers: results from the relieved working study: poster

Pronk, A. (author), Boessen, R. (author), Deurssen, E. (author), Meijster, T. (author), Klein Entink, R. (author), van Duuren-Stuurman, B. (author), Heederik, D. (author), Warren, N. (author), Tan, E. (author)

A multidimensional intervention study was performed to reduce personal quartz exposure in the Dutch construction industry (poster #0399). The intervention study focused on increasing the use of technical control measures (properly) among three high risk occupations by targeting organizational and behavioral factors The objective of this study...

public lecture 2014

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Potential release scenarios for carbon nanotubes used in composites

Nowack, B. (author), David, R.M. (author), Fissan, H. (author), Morris, H. (author), Shatkin, J.A. (author), Stintz, M. (author), Zepp, R. (author), Brouwer, D. (author)

The expected widespread use of carbon nanotube (CNT)-composites in consumer products calls for an assessment of the possible release and exposure to workers, consumers and the environment. Release of CNTs may occur at all steps in the life cycle of products, but to date only limited information is available about release of CNTs from actual...

article 2013

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T4 Report* Metabolomics in toxicology and preclinical research

Ramirez, T. (author), Daneshian, M. (author), Kamp, H. (author), Bois, F.Y. (author), Clench, M.R. (author), Coen, M. (author), Donley, B. (author), Fischer, S.M. (author), Ekman, D.R. (author), Fabian, E. (author), Guillou, C. (author), Heuer, J. (author), Hogberg, H.T. (author), Jungnickel, H. (author), Keun, H.C. (author), Krennrich, G. (author), Krupp, E. (author), Luch, A. (author), Noor, F. (author), Peter, E. (author), Riefke, B. (author), Seymour, M. (author), Skinner, N. (author), Smirnova, L. (author), Verheij, E. (author), Wagner, S. (author), Hartung, T. (author), van Ravenzwaay, B. (author), Leist, M. (author)

Metabolomics, the comprehensive analysis of metabolites in a biological system, provides detailed information about the biochemical/physiological status of a biological system, and about the changes caused by chemicals. Metabolomics analysis is used in many fields, ranging from the analysis of the physiological status of genetically modified...

article 2013

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Looking back into the future: 30 years of metabolomics at TNO

van der Greef, J. (author), van Wietmarschen, H. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author)

Metabolites have played an essential role in our understanding of life, health, and disease for thousands of years. This domain became much more important after the concept of metabolism was discovered. In the 1950s, mass spectrometry was coupled to chromatography and made the technique more application-oriented and allowed the development of...

article 2013

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In-depth study of homogeneity in DBS using two different techniques: Results from the EBF DBS-microsampling consortium

Cobb, Z. (author), de Vries, R. (author), Spooner, N. (author), Williams, S. (author), Staelens, L. (author), Doig, M. (author), Broadhurst, R. (author), Barfield, M. (author), van de Merbel, N. (author), Schmid, B. (author), Siethoff, C. (author), Ortiz, J. (author), Verheij, E. (author), van Baar, B. (author), White, S. (author), Timmerman, P. (author)

Background: At the start of their work, the European Bioanalysis Forum dried blood spots microsampling consortium did not form a dedicated team to investigate the spot homogeneity. However, two teams performed experiments that produced results relating to sample homogeneity. Results: The data, which were produced via two different approaches (a...

article 2013

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Evaluation of an alternative in vitro test battery for detecting reproductive toxicants

Piersma, A.H. (author), Bosgra, S. (author), van Duursen, M.B.M. (author), Hermsen, S.A.B. (author), Jonker, L.R.A. (author), Kroese, E.D. (author), van der Linden, S.C. (author), Man, H. (author), Roelofs, M.J.E. (author), Schulpen, S.H.W. (author), Schwarz, M. (author), Uibel, F. (author), van Vugt-Lussenburg, B.M.A. (author), Westerhout, J. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), van der Burg, B. (author)

The application of alternative methods in developmental and reproductive toxicology is challenging in view of the complexity of mechanisms involved. A battery of complementary test systems may provide a better prediction of developmental and reproductive toxicity than single assays. We tested twelve compounds with varying mechanisms of toxic...

article 2013

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A category approach to predicting the developmental (neuro) toxicity of organotin compounds: The value of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryotoxicity test (ZET)

Beker van Woudenberg, A. (author), Wolterbeek, A. (author), te Brake, L. (author), Snel, C. (author), Menke, A. (author), Rubingh, C. (author), de Groot, D. (author), Kroese, D. (author)

Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different organotin compounds during very early development (<100. h post fertilization). Morphology, histopathology and swimming activity (in a motor activity test) were the endpoints analyzed. DBTC was, by far, the most embryotoxic compound at all time points and endpoints studied. In fact, we observed a clear...

article 2013

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How to improve housing conditions of laboratory animals: The possibilities of environmental refinement

Baumans, V. (author), van Loo, P.L.P. (author)

Housing systems for captive animals have often been designed on the basis of economic and ergonomic considerations, such as equipment, costs, space, workload, ability to observe the animals and to maintain a certain degree of hygiene, with little or no consideration for animal welfare. Environmental refinement can be defined as any modification...

article 2013

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Might gluten traces in wheat substitutes pose a risk in patients with celiac disease? A population-based probabilistic approach to risk estimation

Gibert, A. (author), Kruizinga, A.G. (author), Neuhold, S. (author), Houben, G.F. (author), Canela, M.A. (author), Fasano, A. (author), Catassi, C. (author)

Background: In patients with treated celiac disease (CD), the ingestion of gluten traces contained in gluten-free (GF) wheat substitutes (eg, GF bread, flour, and pasta) could cause persisting intestinal mucosal damage. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the proportion of CD patients at risk of mucosal damage due to the consumption of GF...

article 2013

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Pre-processing liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry data: Extracting pure mass spectra by deconvolution from the invariance of isotopic distribution

Krishnan, S. (author), Verheij, E.E.R. (author), Bas, R.C. (author), Hendriks, M.W.B. (author), Hankemeier, T. (author), Thissen, U. (author), Coulier, L. (author)

RATIONALE Mass spectra obtained by deconvolution of liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) data can be impaired by non-informative mass-over-charge (m/z) channels. This impairment of mass spectra can have significant negative influence on further post-processing, like quantification and identification. METHODS A metric...

article 2013

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Profiling the biological activity of oxide nanomaterials with mechanistic models

Burello, E. (author)

In this study we present three mechanistic models for profiling the potential biological and toxicological effects of oxide nanomaterials. The models attempt to describe the reactivity, protein adsorption and membrane adhesion processes of a large range of oxide materials and are based on properties either calculated from experimental data or...

article 2013

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The costs of complex model optimization

Rubingh, C.M. (author), Martens, H. (author), van der Voet, H. (author), Smilde, A.K. (author)

Each data-driven action in data modelling consumes degrees of freedom, whether it concerns estimation of parameters, estimation of meta-parameters or selecting variables. By using a double cross validation approach for degrees of freedom calculation the costs for meta-parameter estimation and variable selection can be determined explicitly. The...

article 2013

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Private grenswaarden voor stoffen: Bestaan ze en 'werken' ze?

Terwoert, J. (author), le Feber, M. (author)

Een evaluatie van het 'nieuwe' Nederlandse grenswaardenstelsel. ln Nederland bestaat sinds 2007 een nieuw stelsel van grenswaarden voor gevaarlijke stoffen. Uitgangspunt hierin is de eigen verantwoordelijkheid van werkgevers- en werknemersorganisaties. Zii moeten zélf grenswaarden voor stoffen vaststellen: de private grenswaarden. De overheid...

article 2013