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Heus, R. (author), van Berlo, M.P.W. (author), van Berlo, B.M.A. (author), Mol, D. (author), Daanen, H.A.M. (author), Kuklane, K. (author)During the early stage of a fire, a process operator often acts as the first responder and may be exposed to high heat radiation levels. The present limit values of long- (>15 min) and short-term exposure (article 2022
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Bongers, C.C.W.G. (author), de Korte, J.Q. (author), Zwartkruis, M. (author), Levels, K. (author), Kingma, B.R.M. (author), Eijsvogels, T.M.H. (author)The combination of an exacerbated workload and impermeable nature of the personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by COVID-19 healthcare workers increases heat strain. We aimed to compare the prevalence of heat strain symptoms before (routine care without PPE) versus during the COVID-19 pandemic (COVID-19 care with PPE), identify risk factors...article 2022
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de Koning, M.C. (author), Vieiro Soares, C. (author), van Grol, M. (author), Bross, R.P.T. (author), Maurin, G. (author)Novichoks are a novel class of nerve agents (also referred to as the A-series) that were employed in several poisonings over the last few years. This calls for the development of novel countermeasures that can be applied in protective concepts (e.g., protective clothing) or in decontamination methods. The Zr metal−organic framework MOF-808 has...article 2022
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Bongers, C.C.W.G. (author), de Korte, J.Q. (author), Catoire, M. (author), Greefhorst, J. (author), Hopman, M.T.E. (author), Kingma, B. (author), Eijsvogels, T.M.H. (author)COVID-19 healthcare personnel (HCP) use personal protective equipment (PPE; ie, isolation gowns, eye protection, facemasks and respirators) to safely perform their medical duties. However, PPE creates a microenvironment around the skin due to a higher thermal resistance and lower water vapour permeability of the materials being used compared...article 2021
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Spaan, S. (author), Glass, R. (author), Goede, H. (author), Ruiter, S. (author), Gerritsen-Ebben, R.M. (author)The suitability, availability, and use of protective clothing are critical factors determining the actual dermal exposure (ADE) of operators and workers to pesticides. A realistic assessment of occupational exposure to pesticides requires information about the performance of protective clothing during everyday use. In this study, the performance...article 2020
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Bogerd, C.P. (author), Langenberg, J.P. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author)Armed forces typically have personal protective clothing (PPC) in place to offer protection against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agents. The regular soldier is equipped with permeable CBRN-PPC. However, depending on the operational task, these PPCs pose too much thermal strain to the wearer, which results in a higher...article 2018
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Goede, H. (author), de Vries, Y.C. (author), Kuijpers, E. (author), Fransman, W. (author)This review describes an evaluation of the effectiveness of Risk Management Measures (RMM) for nanomaterials in the workplace. Our aim was to review the effectiveness of workplace RMM for nanomaterials and to determine whether established effectiveness values of conventional chemical substances applied for modelling purposes should be adopted or...article 2018
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den Hartog, E.A. (author), Rubenstein, C.D. (author), Deaton, A.S. (author), Bogerd, C.P. (author)A major concern for responders to hazardous materials (HazMat) incidents is the heat strain that is caused by fully encapsulated impermeable (NFPA 1991) suits. In a research project, funded by the US Department of Defense, the thermal strain experienced when wearing these suits was studied. Forty human subjects between the ages of 25 and 50...article 2017
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Rubenstein, C.D. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Deaton, A.S. (author), Bogerd, C.P. (author), de Kant, S. (author)A major concern for responders to hazardous materials (HazMat) incidents is the heat strain that is caused by fully encapsulated impermeable chemical protective suits. In a research project, funded by the US Department of Defense, the thermal strain experienced when wearing these suits was studied. One particular area of interest was the fluid...article 2017
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den Hartog, E.A. (author), Koerhuis, C.L. (author)The focus of this study was to establish a relationship between physical discomfort and performance. Eleven healthy male subjects participated in this pilot study. The subjects performed a 2-h protocol without and with significant thermal and mechanical discomfort. Various cognitive tasks were executed repeatedly during the protocol to evaluate...article 2016
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Olarte, C. (author), Kane, G. (author), de Bie, M. (author), van Megen, X. (author), Schenk, J. (author), de Hooop, J. (author)The Chimera project started of with the following design challenge: Designing a switchable CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear) protective suit for soldiers, one phase being a regular work state and the other phase being a protective state to enable the soldier to get away from the toxic area within an hour. The switchability was...report 2015
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Bogerd, C.P. (author), Aerts, J.M. (author), Annaheim, S. (author), Bröde, P. (author), de Bruyne, G. (author), Flouris, A.D. (author), Kuklane, K. (author), Sotto Mayor, T. (author), Rossi, R.M. (author)The thermal effects related to wearing headgear are complex and different studies have investigated single parts of this topic. This review aims at summarizing the different findings to give a complete overview on this topic as well as to suggest new perspectives. Headgear increases head insulation and therefore is mainly problematic under warm...article 2015
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Remoundou, K. (author), Brennan, M. (author), Sacchettini, G. (author), Panzone, L. (author), Butler-Ellis, M.C. (author), Capri, E. (author), Charistou, A. (author), Chaideftou, E. (author), Gerritsen-Ebben, M.G. (author), Machera, K. (author), Spanoghe, P. (author), Glass, R. (author), Marchis, A. (author), Doanngoc, K. (author), Hart, A. (author), Frewer, L.J. (author)The EU Directive on the sustainable use of pesticides (EU128/2009/EC) requires European Member States to develop training activities targeting occupational exposure to pesticides, and communication material aimed at residents and bystanders. Risk perceptions, knowledge and attitudes associated with passive and occupational exposure to pesticide...article 2015
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Teunissen, L.P.J. (author), Wang, L.C. (author), Chou, S.N. (author), Huang, C. (author), Jou, G.T. (author), Daanen, H.A.M. (author)Firemen often suffer from heat strain. This study investigated two chest cooling systems for use under a firefighting suit. In nine male subjects, a vest with water soaked cooling pads and a vest with water perfused tubes were compared to a control condition. Subjects performed 30 min walking and 10 min recovery in hot conditions, while...article 2014
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McLellan, T.M. (author), Daanen, H.A.M. (author), Cheung, S.S. (author)In many occupational settings, clothing must be worn to protect individuals from hazards in their work environment. However, personal protective clothing (PPC) restricts heat exchange with the environment due to high thermal resistance and low water vapor permeability. As a consequence, individuals who wear PPC often work in uncompensable heat...article 2013
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Havenith, G. (author), Bröde, P. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Kuklane, K. (author), Holmer, I. (author), Rossi, R.M. (author), Richards, M. (author), Farnworth, B. (author), Wang, X. (author)Calculation of evaporative heat loss is essential to heat balance calculations. Despite recognition that the value for latent heat of evaporation, used in these calculations, may not always reflect the real cooling benefit to the body, only limited quantitative data on this is available, which has found little use in recent literature. In this...article 2013
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van Gils, R.F. (author), Boot, C.R.L. (author), van Gils, P.F. (author), Bruynzeel, D. (author), Coenraads, P.J. (author), van Mechelen, W. (author), Riphagen, I.I. (author), Anema, J.R. (author)Hand dermatitis is a prevalent disease with an episodic, chronic character. The use of medical resources is high and is often related to reduced (work) functioning. The burden is therefore high for patients and society. Management of hand dermatitis is often unsatisfactory, and for this reason prevention is important. The effectiveness of...article 2011
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Rypkema, J.A. (author), van der Horst, M.J. (author), Gaasbeek, R.C. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), de Koning, L. (author), van Rijk, R. (author)Aanleiding : Ontwikkeling van nieuwe technologieën bieden een steeds breder scala aan kleding en uitrusting om operationele hulpverleners mee uit te rusten. De kleding en uitrusting kan worden ingezet om hulpverleners beter te beschermen en de werkzaamheden onder risicovolle omstandigheden toch uit te kunnen voeren. Echter, in sommige gevallen...report 2010
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Bröde, P. (author), Kuklane, K. (author), Candas, V. (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Griefahn, B. (author), Holmér, I. (author), Meinander, H. (author), Nocker, W. (author), Richards, M. (author), Havenith, G. (author)The heat transferred through protective clothing under long wave radiation compared to a reference condition without radiant stress was determined in thermal manikin experiments. The influence of clothing insulation and reflectivity, and the interaction with wind and wet underclothing were considered. Garments with different outer materials and...article 2010
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), den Hartog, E.A. (author), Havenith, G. (author)For wearers of protective clothing in radiation environments there are no quantitative guidelines available for the effect of a radiative heat load on heat exchange. Under the European Union funded project ThermProtect an analytical effort was defined to address the issue of radiative heat load while wearing protective clothing. As within the...article 2010