- document
-
Sisu, E. (author), Bosker, W.T.E. (author), Norde, W. (author), Slaghek, T.M. (author), Timmermans, J.W. (author), Peter-Katalinić, J. (author), Cohen-Stuart, M.A. (author), Zamfir, A.D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)A combined methodology for obtaining at the preparative scale and characterization by nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI) quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS (MS/MS) of linear polysaccharides modified at the reducing end is presented. Two polydisperse maltodextrins (1000 and 3000 Da) and a high molecular...article 2006
- document
-
Smeets, P.A.M. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), van Osch, M.J.P. (author), van der Grond, J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: Evidence exists that beverages do not trigger appropriate anticipatory physiologic responses, such as cephalic phase insulin release. Therefore, it is of interest to elucidate the food properties necessary for triggering adaptive responses. Previously, we found a prolonged dose-dependent decrease in the hypothalamic functional...article 2005
- document
-
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Kralj, S. (author), Stripling, E. (author), Sanders, P. (author), van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author)Lactobacillus reuteri strain ATCC 55730 (LB BIO) was isolated as a pure culture from a Reuteri tablet purchased from the BioGaia company. This probiotic strain produces a soluble glucan (reuteran), in which the majority of the linkages are of the alpha-(1→4) glucosidic type (∼70%). This reuteran also contains alpha-(1→6)-linked glucosyl units...article 2005
- document
-
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Lindahl, U. (author), Li, J.P. (author), Kusche-Gullberg, M. (author), Salmivirta, M. (author), Alaranta, S. (author), Veromaa, T. (author), Emeis, J. (author), Roberts, I. (author), Taylor, C. (author), Oreste, P. (author), Zoppetti, G. (author), Naggi, A. (author), Torri, G. (author), Casu, B. (author)Heparin remains a major drug in prevention of thromboembolic disease. Concerns related to its animal source have prompted search for heparin analogues. The anticoagulant activity of heparin depends on a specific pentasaccharide sequence that binds antithrombin. We report the generation of a product with antithrombin-binding, anticoagulant, and...article 2005
- document
-
Sengupta, S. (author), Toh, S.A. (author), Sellers, L.A. (author), Skepper, J.N. (author), Koolwijk, P. (author), Leung, H.W. (author), Yeung, H.W. (author), Wong, R.N.S. (author), Sasisekharan, R. (author), Fan, T.P.D. (author)Background-Ginseng is a commonly used nutraceutical. Intriguingly, existing literature reports both wound-healing and antitumor effects of ginseng extract through opposing activities on the vascular system. To elucidate this perplexity, we merged a chemical fingerprinting approach with a deconstructional study of the effects of pure molecules...article 2004
- document
-
Kralj, S. (author), Geel van - Schutten, G.H. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author)Limited information is available about homopolysaccharide synthesis in the genus Lactobacillus. Using efficient screening techniques, extracellular glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme activity, resulting in α-glucan synthesis from sucrose, was detected in various lactobacilli. PCR with degenerate primers based on homologous boxes of known...article 2003
- document
- van Doren, H.A. (author), Slaghek, T.M. (author), Timmermans, J.W. (author), Besemer, A.C. (author), Jetten, J.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author) article 2003
- document
-
Bosker, W.T.E. (author), Ágoston, K. (author), Cohen Stuart, M.A. (author), Norde, W. (author), Timmermans, J.W. (author), Slaghek, T.M. (author)Linear block copolymers of polystyrene and polysaccharide were synthesized using a block synthesis method with amino-terminated polystyrene and sodium cyanoborohydride as reducing agent. Different types of polysaccharides, dextrans, and maltodextrins with various molecular weights were used. IR spectroscopy indicated a successful coupling....article 2003
- document
-
TNO Animal Nutrition (author), Collier, C.T. (author), van der Klis, J.D. (author), Deplancke, B. (author), Anderson, D.B. (author), Gaskins, H.R. (author)Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a worldwide poultry disease caused by the alpha toxin-producing bacterium Clostridium perfringens. Disease risk factors include concurrent coccidial infection and the dietary use of cereal grains high in nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP), such as wheat, barley, rye, and oats. Outbreaks of NE can be prevented or treated...article 2003
- document
-
van de Velde, F. (author), Rollema, H.S. (author), Grinberg, N.V. (author), Burova, T.V. (author), Grinberg, V.Ya. (author), Hans Tromp, R. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A series of ι-carrageenans containing different amounts of v-carrageenan (0-23 monomer %) have been prepared from neutrally extracted carrageenan of Eucheuma denticulatum. v-Carrageenan is the biochemical precursor of ι-carrageenan. The conformational order-disorder transition and rheological properties of these carrageenans were studied using...article 2002
- document
-
Punt, P.J. (author), Seiboth, B. (author), Weenink, X.O. (author), van Zeijl, C. (author), Lenders, M. (author), Konetschny, C. (author), Ram, A.F.J. (author), Montijn, R. (author), Kubicek, C.P. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)DNA fragments containing genetic information for five secretion-related small GTPases of Aspergillus niger (srgA-E) were isolated and identified as members of different Rab/Ypt subfamilies. This isolation and the search for similar sequences in fungal genomic and EST databases showed that, in contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, filamentous...article 2001
- document
-
Hijum, S.A.F.T. (author), Bonting, K. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.V. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes have been characterized from various Gram-positive bacteria, but not from Lactobacillus sp. In a screening of 182 lactobacilli for polysaccharide production only one strain, Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121, was found to produce a fructan being a levan. Here we report the first-time identification and...article 2001
- document
-
Tromp, R.H. (author), van de Velde, F. (author), van Riel, J. (author), Paques, M. (author)Demonstrations are given of the application of confocal scanning light microscopy (CSLM) on mixtures of gelatine with other food biopolymers. The various aspects of phase separation are visualised in two and three dimensional images. Contrast through fluorescence is obtained either by covalent labelling or non-covalent labelling. There is...article 2001
- document
-
Heeres, A. (author), Spoelma, F.F. (author), van Doren, H.A. (author), Gotlieb, K.F. (author), Bleeker, I.P. (author), Kellogg, R.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Several 2-nitroalkyl polysaccharide ethers (from pullulan (1), guar (2), agarose (3), inulin (4), cellulose (5), Na-α-polyglucuronate (6) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (7)) were synthesized by reaction with 2-nitro-1-alkenes (2-nitro-1-propene and 2-nitro-1-butene) formed in situ from 2-nitroalkyl acetates. Moderate to high efficiencies are...article 2000
- document
-
Brüll, L.P. (author), Huang, Z. (author), Thomas-Oates, J.E. (author), Smestad-Paulsen, B. (author), Cohen, E.H. (author), Michaelsen, T.E. (author)The cyanobacterium Nostoc commune Vaucher produces quite complex extracellular polysaccharides. The cyanobacterium is nitrogen fixing, and on growing the cyanobacterium in media with and without nitrogen, different types of extracellular polysaccharides were obtained. These were also different from the polysaccharides present in N. commune...article 2000
- document
-
Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), Faber, E.J. (author), Smit, E. (author), Bonting, K. (author), Smith, M.R. (author), ten Brink, B. (author), Kamerling, J.P. (author), Vliegenthart, J.F.G. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author)Lactobacillus reuteri LB 121 cells growing on sucrose synthesize large amounts of a glucan (D-glucose) and a fructan (D-fructose) with molecular masses of 3,500 and 150 kDa, respectively. Methylation studies and 13C or 1H nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed that the glucan has a unique structure consisting of terminal, 4-substituted, 6...article 1999
- document
-
Bakker, G.C.M. (author), Dekker, R.A. (author), Jongbloed, A.W. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In pigs and humans, the nutrients starch, protein, fat and some minerals need to be digested prior to the terminal ileum for optimal use of these nutrients. In contrast, the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) are mainly fermented by microbes in the hindgut. Results of experiments in pigs showed that NSP negatively affected apparent digestion of...article 1998
- document
-
van Ruseler- Embden, J.G.H. (author), van Lieshout, L.M.C. (author), Binnema, D.J. (author), Hazenberg, M.P. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)1. An earlier study by our group revealed that the viscosity of faeces from patients with Crohn's disease is significantly lower than that of healthy subjects. This is due to low concentrations of a high-molecular-mass carbohydrate, probably of bacterial origin. The cause of this phenomenon might be the impaired barrier function of the gut...article 1998
- document
-
van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), Flesch, F. (author), ten Brink, B. (author), Smith, M.R. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A total of 182 Lactobacillus strains were screened for production of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) by a new method: growth in liquid media with high sugar concentrations. Sixty EPS-positive strains were identified; 17 strains produced more than 100 mg/l soluble EPS. Sucrose was an excellent substrate for abundant EPS synthesis. The ability...article 1998
- document
-
Withers, J.M. (author), Swift, R.J. (author), Wiebe, M.G. (author), Robson, G.D. (author), Punt, P.J. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)When grown on a medium containing 5 g maltodextrin L-1, Aspergillus niger transformant N402[pAB6-10]B1, which has an additional 20 copies of the glucoamylase (glaA) gene, produced 320 ± 8 mg (mean ± S.E.) glucoamylase (GAM) L-1 in batch culture and 373 ± 9 mg GAM L-1 in maltodextrin- limited chemostat culture at a dilution rate of 0.13 h-1....article 1998