The mechanistic overview of SARS-CoV-2 using angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 to enter the cell for replication Possible treatment options related to the renin-angiotensin system

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a healthcare crisis caused by insufficient knowledge applicable to effectively combat the virus. Therefore, different scientific discovery strategies need to be connected, to generate a rational treatment which can be made available as rapidly as possible. This relies on a solid theoretical understanding of the...

Associations between particulate matter elements and early-life pneumonia in seven birth cohorts: Results from the ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM projects

Evidence for a role of long-term particulate matter exposure on acute respiratory infections is growing. However, which components of particulate matter may be causative remains largely unknown. We assessed associations between eight particulate matter elements and early-life pneumonia in seven birth cohort studies (Ntotal=15,980): BAMSE (Sweden...

Prediction of the origin of French Legionella pneumophila strains using a mixed-genome microarray

Background: Legionella is a water and soil bacterium that can infect humans, causing a pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease. The pneumonia is almost exclusively caused by the species L. pneumophila, of which serogroup 1 is responsible for 90% of patients. Within serogroup 1, large differences in prevalence in clinical isolates have been...

The effect of PPE-induced emphysema and chronic LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation on atherosclerosis development in APOE*3-LEIDEN mice

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by pulmonary inflammation, airways obstruction and emphysema, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the contribution of these individual COPD components to this increased risk is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the...

Increased infiltration of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in the vessel wall of human veins after perfusion

Background: Several studies have suggested an association between Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cp) infection and atherosclerosis. A recent study detected Cp DNA in the saphenous vein of 12% of all patients before bypass grafting and in 38% of failed grafts. We used a system in which human veins were perfused with autologous blood under arterial...

Decreased coenzyme Q10 concentration in plasma of children with cystic fibrosis

OBJECTIVES: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an effective lipophilic antioxidant and protects against lipid peroxidation by scavenging radicals. Patients with cystic fibrosis generally have fat malabsorption; thus, we hypothesized that overall plasma CoQ10 concentration in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis might be diminished. Because these...

Asthma-like symptoms following intratracheal exposure of guinea pigs to sulfur mustard aerosol: Therapeutic efficacy of exogenous lung surfactant Curosurf and Salbutamol

The purpose of the present study was to investigate: (1) the acute effects of sulfur mustard on airway, lung, and surface tension of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALfluid) in guinea pigs following intratracheal (i.t.) exposure to 1LD50 of an aerosolized solution of sulfur mustard in saline, and (2) the therapeutic efficacy of i.t....

Protection of rats against perfluoroisobutene (PFIB)-induced pulmonary edema by Curosurf and N-acetylcysteine

Airborne exposure to lung-toxic agents may damage the lung surfactant system and epithelial and endothelial cells, resulting in a life-threatening pulmonary edema that is known to be refractory to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate in rats (1) the respiratory injury caused by nose-only exposure to perfluoroisobutene (PFIB), and ...

Hemodynamic effects of intermittent manual lung heperinflation in patients with septic shock

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to investigate the hemodynamic changes induced by intermittent manual lung hyperinflation (MHI) and to assess if these changes are adverse enough to warrant prohibition of MHI as a routine procedure in the care of patients with septic shock. DESIGN: The study's design was experimental prospective....

Een onverwacht overleden zuigeling: Wiegendood?

Wiegendood is een ingrijpende gebeurtenis voor ouders en hulpverleners. Als een kind jonger dan 2 jaar plotseling levenloos wordt aangetroffen, vraagt iedereen zich af: ‘Hoe kon dit gebeuren?’ Kennis over oorzaken van wiegendood is enerzijds gebaseerd op epidemiologische analyse van de gevallen, anderzijds op bevindingen verkregen bij...

C-reactive protein in healthy subjects: Associations with obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction : A potential role for cytokines originating from adipose tissue?

C-reactive protein, a hepatic acute phase protein largely regulated by circulating levels of interleukin-6, predicts coronary heart disease incidence in healthy subjects. We have shown that subcutaneous adipose tissue secretes interleukin-6 in vivo. In this study we have sought associations of levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 with...

C-reactive protein: A cardiovascular risk factor report on the CRP hot-topic workshop october 1, 1997

On October 1, 1997, a 1 day hot-topic workshop on C-reactive protein (CRP) was organized in Leiden, the Netherlands, aiming at further evaluating the importance of inflammation as a critical mechanism in cardiovascular disease. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein that is associated with risk of cardiovascular events in healthy...

Pulmonary response of hamsters to fibrous glass. - Clearance and morphology after a single intratracheal instillation

In a one-year serial sacrifice study 10 mg glass fibres (length, 95% ?? 20 ??m, 89% ?? 12 ??m, 58% ?? 5 ??m and 25% ?? 2 ??m; diameter, 88% ?? 1.0 ??m, 60% ?? 0.5 ??m and 31% ??0.25 ??m) suspended in 0.2 ml saline solution were administered to Syrian golden hamsters by a single intratracheal instillation to determine the clearance of the glass...

Lung damage in the rat after irradiation and treatment with cytotoxic drugs

Interstitial pneumonitis (IP) is one of the major complications after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (incidence: 30 to 50%, fatality rate: 50 to 60%). Cytomegalovirus is associated with 60% of the cases. When no infectious agent can be detected, it is classified as idiopathic IP (IIP). Factors related to IIP are: remission induction...

Activation of inapparent infection with ectromelia and pneumonia virus in mice

In mice used for the adaptation of a strain of influenza A virus, peculiar lunglesions, differing from influenza lesions, were found. Afterwards cases of ectromelia were observed in the same mouse colony, and the ectromelia virus was demonstrated in the clinically manifest cases as well as in the lunglesions of apparently normal mice that died...